Nubar Pasha

Nubar Pasha

Nubar Pasha, from Denys Puech .

Boghos Nubar Pasha ( Arabic بوغوص نوبار باشا; * January 1825 in Smyrna , Ottoman Empire ; † January 14, 1899 in Paris ) was an Egyptian politician of Armenian descent and the first Prime Minister of Egypt . During his career he was Prime Minister three times:

1. August 28, 1878 - February 23, 1879
2. January 10, 1884 - June 9, 1888
3. April 16, 1894 - November 12, 1895

His son was Boğos Nubar Paşa , founder of the AGBU .

Life

Nubar was born in 1825 in what is now İzmir, Turkey. His father was an Armenian trader named Mgrdich and his mother was a relative of Boghos Bey Yusufian , an influential minister in the service of Muhammad Ali Pasha . At Boghos Bey's instigation, Nubar Pasha received lessons in Vevey and Toulouse , where he was tutored by Jesuits .

Shortly before he turned eighteen, Nubar traveled to Egypt, where he was given a position as secretary by Boghos Bey, who was then Minister of Commerce and Foreign Affairs. After eighteen months of training, he was promoted to second secretary to Muhammad Ali Pasha. In 1845 he became the first secretary of his adopted son and heir Ibrahim Pascha , whom he accompanied on trips through Europe.

When Abbas Pasha became governor of Egypt in 1848, he took Nubar into his service and in 1850 sent him to London as his mediator to negotiate with the Ottoman sultan. Because he was successful, he was made a Bey . In 1853 he was sent to Vienna for similar negotiations , where he then lived until Abbas' death in July 1854.

The new governor Muhammad Said dismissed him from office, but appointed him his chief secretary two years later. He also made him responsible for the transport business between Egypt and India. In this area, Nubar was mainly involved in the completion of the railway between Cairo and Suez . Said dismissed him a second time, but then sent him back to Vienna before he was restored to his post as first secretary.

After Said's death in January 1863, Ismail Pasha became the new governor. Nubar was friends with him and, according to his own statements, had even saved his life. Ismail sent him to Constantinople as a mediator , where he was to pave the way for the new governor's plans, including the completion of the Suez Canal . Because of his successes, Nubar was made pasha . Nubar traveled to Paris to settle disputes between the French Empire and Egypt. On his return from Paris, he became Egypt's first minister for state building projects, a department he had to set up. In 1866 he was appointed Foreign Minister. From 1867 it came at his instigation to negotiations between the Egyptian government and a number of European countries, which in 1876 led to the creation of the mixed courts of justice in Egypt .

Ismail's lavish practice had brought the country to the brink of bankruptcy . He was eventually forced by Great Britain and France to share government with Nubar, Charles Rivers Wilson as Treasury Secretary, and the Marquis de Blignières as Minister of State Construction.

memoirs

• Mémoires de Nubar Pacha . Ed. V. Mirrit Boutros Ghal, Librairie du Liban, Beirut 1983. An Arabic translation was published in 2010 by Dar El-Shorouk, translated by Garo Rober Tabakian, ed. v. Latifa Mohamed Salim.

literature

• F. Robert Hunter: Self-Image and Historical Truth: Nubar Pasha and the Making of Modern Egypt . In: Middle Eastern Studies, Vol. 23, No. 3 (Jul., 1987), pp. 363-375.

Web links

Commons : Nubar Pascha  - collection of images, videos and audio files