Opuntia engelmannii
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Opuntia engelmannii |
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| Salm-Dyck ex Engelm. |
Opuntia engelmannii is a species of plant in the genus Opuntia ( Opuntia ) from the cactus family(Cactaceae). The specific epithet engelmannii honors the American botanist George Engelmann .
description
Opuntia engelmannii has a shrubby growth with numerous ascending or elongated branches. It forms dense cushions that can reach a height of up to 3.5 meters. A tribe is rarely trained. The inverted egg-shaped to round, occasionally elongated shoot sections are green to rarely blue-green. They are 15 to 30 inches long, 12 to 20 inches wide and up to 2 inches thick. The elliptical areoles , which are 2.5 to 4 centimeters apart , bear yellow glochids that turn brown with age. The 1 to 8 thorns , which can sometimes be missing on the lower areoles, are very variable and lie close to the surface of the shoot sections. They are yellowish, sub-like, slightly flattened and between 1 and 6 centimeters long.
The yellow, sometimes reddish flowers reach a length and a diameter of 5 to 8 centimeters. The fleshy, purple fruits are inverted egg-shaped to oblong. They are 3 to 7 inches long and 2 to 4 inches in diameter.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 66.
Distribution, systematics and endangerment
Opuntia engelmannii is common in the US states of Arizona , New Mexico , Texas , Oklahoma, and Louisiana at altitudes of 150 to 1,800 meters. From there, the distribution area extends through northern and central Mexico south to the Mexican states of San Luis Potosí , Tamaulipas and Hidalgo .
The first description was published in 1850 by George Engelmann , who used the name given by Joseph zu Salm-Reifferscheidt-Dyck .
There are six varieties :
- Opuntia engelmannii var. Engelmannii
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Opuntia engelmannii var. Cuija Griffiths & Hare :
The variety has 3 to 8 light yellow thorns with a red base. -
Opuntia engelmannii var. Flavispina (LDBenson) BDParfitt & Pinkava :
The variety has 2 to 3 yellow thorns 6 centimeters long with an irregular red pattern. -
Opuntia engelmannii var. Flexospina (Griffiths) BDParfitt & Pinkava :
The variety has 1 to 3 flexible, yellow thorns. -
Opuntia engelmannii var. Lindheimeri (Engelm.) BDParfitt & Pinkava :
The variety has 1 to 6 yellow thorns without a red base, often missing on the lower areoles. -
Opuntia engelmannii var. Linguiformis (Griffiths) BDParfitt & Pinkava :
The variety has shoot segments that grow more or less indefinitely and therefore become very long. Originally from Texas, the taxon appears to be extinct in nature.
There are a lot of invalid double descriptions and recombinations and a multitude of synonyms .
In the Red List of Threatened Species of the IUCN , the species is listed as " Least Concern (LC) ". H. listed as not endangered. The development of the populations is considered stable.
photos
Opuntia engelmannii var. Engelmannii
Opuntia engelmannii var. Flavispina
Opuntia engelmannii var. Lindheimeri
Opuntia engelmannii var. Linguiformis
use
From the pima , heated shoot sections of Opuntia engelmannii are placed on the breasts of a new mother to stimulate the flow of milk.
proof
literature
- Opuntia engelmannii . In: Edward F. Anderson : The Cactus Family . Timber Press: Portland (Oregon), 2001, pp. 447 f. ISBN 0-88192-498-9 .
- Opuntia dillenii Salm-Dyck In: NL Britton , JN Rose : The Cactaceae. Descriptions and Illustrations of Plants of the Cactus Family . Washington, 1919, Volume I, pp. 147 f.
- Opuntia dillenii SD. In: Curt Backeberg : Die Cactaceae: Handbuch der Kakteenkunde . 2nd Edition, 1982, Volume I, pp. 501-505. ISBN 3-437-30380-5
Individual evidence
- ↑ Urs Eggli, Leonard E. Newton: Etymological Dictionary of Succulent Plant Names . Springer, Berlin / Heidelberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-642-05597-3 , p. 76.
- ^ Opuntia engelmannii at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ↑ George Engelmann: Plantae Lindheimerinae, Part II. Cactaceaceae . In: Boston Journal of Natural History . Volume 6, Number 2, Boston (MA) 1850, pp. 207-208 (on-line) .
- ^ Edward F. Anderson : The great cactus lexicon . 2nd Edition. Eugen Ulmer KG, Stuttgart 2011, ISBN 978-3-8001-5964-2 , pp. 458 .
- ↑ Opuntia engelmannii in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014.3. Posted by: Corral-Díaz, R., Goettsch, BK, Gómez-Hinostrosa, C., Heil, K., Hernández, HM & Terry, M., 2013. Accessed January 3, 2015.
