Otvaschnoye (Kaliningrad)
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Otwaschnoje
Wickbold, also: Braxeinswalde Отважное
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Otwaschnoje ( Russian Отважное , German Wickbold and Braxeinswalde , Lithuanian Vikboldas ) is a place in the Russian Oblast of Kaliningrad . It belongs to the local government unit Stadtkreis Bagrationowsk in Bagrationovsky District .
The local branch Braxeinswalde, which is located in Gurjewsk Rajon , has been abandoned.
Geographical location
Otwaschnoje lies east of the "Tharau Forest" (Russian: Lesnoi massiw) in the extreme northeast of the Bagrationovsk Rajon in an area that protrudes into the neighboring Gurjewsk . The Russian trunk road A 195 (former German Reichsstrasse 128 ), which connects Kaliningrad (Königsberg) with Bagrationowsk (Prussian Eylau) and Poland , runs through the village . Otwaschnoje is a train station on the Kaliningrad – Bagrationowsk line (section of the former East Prussian Southern Railway ).
history
Wickbold
The place called before 1785 Wickboldt and later Wickbold with the district Klein Wickbold (today Russian: Maloje Otwaschnoje) is eleven kilometers south of the Rajons capital Kaliningrad (Königsberg) and consisted of an estate and a village until 1928. On April 30, 1874, both districts came to the district of Dalheim (today in Russian: Roschtschino) in the district of Königsberg (Prussia) (from 1939 district of Samland ) in the district of Königsberg in the Prussian province of East Prussia . On December 19, 1895, Wickbold was reclassified to the Ludwigswalde district (now in Russian: Lesnoje), but remained in the same district.
In 1910 there were 382 residents in Wickbold, of which 343 were registered in the manor district and 39 in the rural community. On September 30, 1928, the Wickbold manor district was incorporated into the rural community of Wickbold. The population was 432 in 1933 and 480 in 1939.
Braxeinswalde
The district of Otwaschnojes, formerly known as Braxeinswalde , was founded around 1770 and is located two kilometers southeast of Wickbold. Until 1945, the two districts separated the border between the districts of Königsberg (from 1939 Samland ) and Prussian Eylau . Unlike Wickbold and its district of Klein Wickbold (today in Russian: Maloje Otwaschnoje) , Braxeinswalde came to the Tharau district in 1874 (today in Russian: Wladimirowo), which belonged to the Prussian Eylau district in the Prussian province of East Prussia . In 1910 Braxeinswalde had 77 inhabitants. The later ocean aviator Ehrenfried Günther Freiherr von Hünefeld grew up in Braxeinswalde.
On September 30, 1928, Braxeinswalde's independence ended when the manor district was incorporated into the rural community of Wittenberg (today in Russian: Niwenskoje). As a result of the Second World War , Braxeinswalde also came to the Soviet Union .
Otvaschnoye
Wickbold was incorporated into the Soviet Union in 1945 like the other places in northern East Prussia and in 1947 received the Russian name "Otwaschnoje". At the same time the place was incorporated into the village soviet Selenopolski selski Sowet in Kaliningrad Raion . The place later came to the Niwenski selski Sowet in Bagrationovsk Raion . According to the local directory of Kaliningrad Oblast from 1976, the Braxeinswalde branch also belonged to Otvaschnoje.
Since there were apparently contradictions in the legislation regarding the demarcation of the border between Guryevsk Raion and Bagrationovsk Raion, Otvaschnoye ended up in the rural community of Novomoskovskoye selskoye posselenije in Guryevsk Raion in 2008 and then in 2010 to the Niwenskoye selskoye Bagrationovskiy district. For this purpose, the border of the Rajon had to be adjusted in such a way that the two places Otwaschnoje and Maloje Otwaschnoje (Klein Wickbold) were connected to the rest of the Bagrationovsk district by a corridor. The abandoned local branch Braxeinswalde remained in Guryevsk Rajon.
Wickbolder beer
Wickbold was the origin of the “Wickbolder Bier”, which was once known (and popular) everywhere in East Prussia , a tasty type of beer from the Königsberg beer kingdom . However, the brewery stopped production at the end of the First World War .
church
Before 1945, the population of Wickbold and Barxeinswalde was almost without exception Protestant . But both villages did not belong to the same parish : while Wickbold was incorporated into the parish of Ludwigswalde (today in Russian: Lesnoje) in the parish of Königsberg-Land I , Braxeinswalde was part of the parish of Tharau (today in Russian: Wladimirowo) in the parish of Prussian Eylau (Bagrationowsk).
During the time of the Soviet Union , these relationships, like church life in general, were restricted, if not prohibited. It was not until the 1990s that new evangelical congregations were formed in the Kaliningrad Oblast , and one of the first was that of the Church of the Resurrection in Kaliningrad (Koenigsberg) , in whose catchment area Otvaschnoje is today. It is part of the newly established Kaliningrad provost of the Evangelical Lutheran Church of European Russia (ELKER).
literature
- Brigitte and Peter Profé: ... only the storks remained. A chronicle by Wickbold in the Königsberg-Land district , self-published by the authors, Neumünster, 1995, 2011
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Itogi Vserossijskoj perepisi naselenija 2010 goda. Kaliningradskaya oblastʹ. (Results of the 2010 all-Russian census. Kaliningrad Oblast.) Volume 1 , Table 4 (Download from the website of the Kaliningrad Oblast Territorial Organ of the Federal Service for State Statistics of the Russian Federation)
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Wickbold
- ^ Rolf Jehke, District Dalheim / Steinbeck
- ↑ Uli Schubert, municipality directory, district of Königsberg
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Samland district. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ Location information East Prussia picture archive: Braxeinswalde
- ^ Rolf Jehke, Tharau district
- ↑ Uli Schubert, community directory, Prussian Eylau district
- ↑ Hedwig von Lölhöffel: Unser Tharau , pp. 42, 43
- ↑ Through the Указ Президиума Верховного Совета РСФСР от 17 ноября 1947 г. «О переименовании населённых пунктов Калининградской области» (Ordinance of the Presidium of the Supreme Council of the RSFSR "On the Renaming of Places of the Kaliningrad Oblast" of November 17, 1947)
- ^ Evangelical Lutheran Provosty of Kaliningrad ( Memento of February 4, 2017 in the Internet Archive )