Přestavlky u Chrudimi
| Přestavlky | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Pardubický kraj | ||||
| District : | Chrudim | ||||
| Area : | 291 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 49 ° 56 ' N , 15 ° 56' E | ||||
| Height: | 260 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 205 (Jan. 1, 2019) | ||||
| Postal code : | 538 62 | ||||
| License plate : | E. | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Hrochův Týnec - Chrast | ||||
| structure | |||||
| Status: | local community | ||||
| Districts: | 1 | ||||
| administration | |||||
| Mayor : | Marta Šafaříková (as of 2018) | ||||
| Address: | Přestavlky 86 538 62 Hrochův Týnec |
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| Municipality number: | 572110 | ||||
| Website : | prestavlky.cz | ||||
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Přestavlky (German Prestawilk ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic . It is located ten kilometers east of Chrudim and belongs to the Okres Chrudim .
geography
Přestavlky is located on the right above the valley of the Ležák brook on the Hrochotýnecká tabule ( Hrochow-Teinitzer Tafel ). State road II / 355 between Hrochův Týnec and Chrast runs through the village .
Neighboring towns are Hrochův Týnec and Skalice in the north, Blansko, Holešovice Chroustovice in the Northeast, Žilovice and Brčekoly the east, Synčany, Horní Seslávky, Na Beránků and Rosice in the southeast, Zájezdec and Řestoky in the south, Trojovice in the southwest, Nabočany the west and turyn and Dolní Bezděkov in the northwest.
history
The first written mention of Přestavlky took place in 1318 as the seat of the Ctibor of Přestavlk. In the following years, different Vladikegeschen alternated as owners . From 1464 the estate belonged to Jindřich von Bošín and Přestavlk, and the castle was mentioned for the first time. In the middle of the 16th century the Talatzko von Gestetitz ( Talacko z Ještětic ) acquired the estate from Peter Puchart von Voděrady and had a new wooden castle built. The captain of the Chrudim district Hynek Talatzko († 1657) bought the Stíčany farm as well as a farm and a house in Chrudim in 1644. In 1658 his cousin Adam Heinrich Talatzko from Gestetitz auf Libanice inherited the estate and village of Přestavlky, the Mířetice farm with a brewery, two mills and the villages of Dachov, Cekov, Srny and part of Bošov, the Stan farm with a mill, the Stíčany farm, the Bítovany farm and the house and farm in Chrudim. Adam Heinrich Talatzko († 1668), who also became head of the district, bought the village of Úhřetice and sold the farm in Chrudim to the local deanery. His widow Emilie Katharina von Lisov joined the inherited Vejvanovice estate to Přestavlky. In 1669 her son Maximilian Ferdinand Talatzko († 1692) inherited the property, he sold Vejvanovice. Then the estate fell to his brother Leopold Graf Talatzko († 1703), he was also captain of the Chrudim district. In 1699 he sold the Přestavlky estate with all its accessories for 63,500 guilders to Barbara Ludmila Záruba von Hustiřan, who sold it in 1703 to Norbert Leopold Kolowrat -Liebsteinsky for 58,000 guilders and 100 ducats of key money. His son and heir Franz Karl Kolowrat-Liebsteinsky auf Chroustovice allocated five farms in Honbice to the Přestavlky estate and sold them to Josef Bartholotti von Partenfeld in 1717 . In 1747 Katharina von Auersperg , née von Schönfeld, bought the estate for 80,500 guilders and connected it to the Nassaberg lordship belonging to her husband Johann Adam von Auersperg . In 1796, Prince von Auersperg allowed Jews to settle in Přestavlky, Zájezdec and Hroubovice . In the following years approx. 19 landless Jewish houses were built on the village green of Přestavlky (nos. 43, 44, 45a, 45, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 73) and a synagogue . House number 65 also served as a Jewish school . With the establishment of the ghetto, the Přestavlky community lost the village green that had been used for the personal needs of its residents. The burials of the Jews took place in the Zájezdec Jewish cemetery just behind the village. With the influx of Jews who lived from the small trade, the number of inhabitants grew strongly; In contrast to the old resident Czech-speaking population, the new residents used Jewish German as their mother tongue. In 1829 Johann Adam's son Franz von Auersperg inherited the Nassaberg estate and the Přestawlk estate.
In 1835 the allodial estate Přestawlk in the Chrudim district comprised a scattered total area of 3260 yoke 916 square fathoms on which 2045 Czech-speaking people lived, including six Protestant (AB) and 21 Israelite families. The main source of income was agriculture. There were four Meierhöfe for the management of the sovereign grounds; the farms in Přestawlk and Stitschan ( Stíčany ) were operated independently , those in Miřetitz and Srny ( Srní ) were leased. The forests covered 847 yokes 1301 square fathoms and were managed by the Miřetitz forest district. The estate included the villages of Čekow ( Čekov ), Dachow ( Dachov ), Miřetitz, Přestawlk, Srny and Stann ( Stan ) as well as shares of Boschow ( Bošov ), Bystřitz ( Bystřice ), Hombitz and Stitschan. The village of Přestawlk consisted of 73 houses in which 522 people lived, including four Protestant and 19 Israelite families. In the place there was an official castle, a Dominikales Amtshaus, a Dominikales brandy house, a Meierhof, a synagogue, a mill and an inn. The Catholic parish was Hrochow-Teinitz . In 1844, the Prince of Auersperg made a piece of meadow available to the Jewish community above Ležák for the creation of their own cemetery. At that time the Jews made up about a third of the population. Until the middle of the 19th century, Přestawlk was the official place of the allodial property of the same name.
After the abolition of patrimonial Přestavlky formed from 1849 a municipality in the judicial district of Chrudim . At the same time, the younger generation of Jews began to emigrate. The sons, who mostly had a good education at commercial schools or universities, emigrated to the larger cities, some worked as doctors or lawyers. None of the Jewish sons began a craft apprenticeship. In 1860 Vincenz von Auersperg sold the Přestavlky estate to Josef Keller for 300,000 guilders and 300 ducats of key money. Keller and his son of the same name had a warehouse and other farm buildings built in 1860, and the New Palace, surrounded by a park, between 1864 and 1870. From 1868 the municipality belonged to the political district of Chrudim . The old castle burned down in 1888. The Jewish residents increasingly sold their houses to Christian craftsmen and traders, so that only three Jewish families lived in Přestavlky. The Jewish community was no longer able to act between 1890 and 1910; the Jewish community in Heřmanův Městec performed its duties. Since the congregation was no longer able to hold its own church services, they sold the synagogue in 1892 to the Jew Karl Willig from Zájezdec. The school was also closed. Later the former synagogue was partially demolished and the western part of the building was converted into a residential building (No. 91). In the place where the Jewish prayer room was once, there is now a cowshed. The Jewish cemetery continued to be used as a place of burial, and since then people born in Přestavlky who wanted to be buried at their place of birth have mostly been buried.
After the death of Josef Keller jun. († 1898) his daughters Anna von Wessely and Karolina Regensdorfer inherited the large estate. Carl Regensdorfer moved with his family from Vienna to the Přestavlky Palace; Half of the co-owners were the family of Marshal Lieutenant Karl von Wessely. Between 1897 and 1899 the branch line Hrochow-Teinitz - Chrast was laid east of the village . In 1909 512 people lived in the 90 houses of the community. In 1915, Regensdorfer bought his sister-in-law Anna von Wessely's share and sold the Srní farm. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , the large estates were significantly reduced in size in the course of the land reform in 1925; the Mířetice farm was completely parceled out, the Přestavlky and Stíčany farms partially. The Mířetic Forest was bought by the Chrudim District Committee. The community cemetery was laid out east of the village in 1931. In 1938, Regensdorfer also sold the Stíčany farm to the brickworks owner František Slavík. As a result, apart from the castle park and gardens, only 128 hectares of arable land belonged to Přestavlky Castle. After the German occupation , the last three Jewish families from Prestawilk - Wilhelm and Hermine Silberstern (No. 65, former school), the Agular Adolf family (No. 56) and the widow Božena Seinerová (No. 58) - were arrested and probably murdered. On April 24, 1945, Carl Regensdorfer and his family fled Přestavlky from the foreseeable occupation by the Red Army . His property was nationalized and divided up after the end of World War II. None of the Jewish residents returned to Přestavlky after the end of the war. The castle was initially used as a barracks and was later bought by the Chrudim Municipal National Committee for use as a retirement home. The Hrochův Týnec – Chrast u Chrudimi railway was finally shut down in 1980 and dismantled from 1982 onwards. Zájezdec was incorporated on November 26, 1971. On January 1, 1989 Přestavlky (with Zájezdec) was incorporated into Hrochův Týnec. Přestavlky and Zájezdec broke away from Hrochův Týnec on March 1, 1990 and formed the municipality Přestavlky-Zájezdec, which split up on September 1, 1990 into the municipalities Přestavlky and Zájezdec.
Community structure
No districts are shown for the municipality of Přestavlky.
Attractions
- Přestavlky Castle, built in 1864–1870 for Josef Keller. The palace park was established in 1870. The subsequent owner was his son-in-law Carl Regensdorfer until 1945. After that it served as a barracks and retirement home; today it houses the pedagogical children's department of the Chrudim Hospital.
- Chapel of St. Anna, built between 1909 and 1910 according to plans by the builder František Fiala from Hlinsko. The siblings Anna von Wessely and Karolina Regensdorfer donated the building site and materials. The former also donated the altar made of Horschitz sandstone, the picture window made by the glass painter J. Christoph from Prague. Anna and the liturgical device . The consecration took place on July 5, 1910 by the Königgrätzer Bishop Josef Doubrava . The chapel was renovated in 2004.
- Statue of St. Liborius, the sandstone figure created between 1700 and 1731 bears a strong resemblance to the St. Johannes Nepomuk statue in Zájezdec and probably comes from the workshop of Matthias Bernhard Braun . It is only preserved as a severely damaged torso. In 2016 it was replaced by a copy made from the original.
- Statue of St. John of Nepomuk on the road to Rosice, it was restored in 2010
- Statue of St. Florian in the center of the village, created in 1701, restored in 1904 and 2009
- Memorial stone for those who fell in World War I, unveiled in 1926. On both sides there are memorial stones for Brigadier General Vladimír Štěrba († 1940 in Spielberg prison ) and Pepa Pytlík († 1945 in Stutthof concentration camp )
- Memorial for Carl Regensdorfer jun. (1897–1916) in the palace gardens. The son of the lord of the castle Carl Regensdorfer sen. fell in the summer of 1916 on the eastern front near Żabie and was buried in the palace gardens . In 1917 the memorial was built with a crypt, memorial stone and a catafalque with a larger than life sculpture of the fallen man. After the Second World War, the figure's head and hand were cut off. In 2011 it was restored and the cover plate of the crypt was renewed.
- Přestavlky Jewish cemetery, north of the village on Ležák, was laid out in 1844 and consists of around 70 tombstones.
- Zájezdec Jewish cemetery, on the slope south of the village, was built at the end of the 18th century. The gravestones that have been preserved date from between 1798 and 1919. The former morgue now serves as a barn.
Sons and daughters of the church
- Vladimír Štěrba (1897–1940), brigadier general and resistance fighter
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/obec/572110/Prestavlky
- ↑ Český statistický úřad - The population of the Czech municipalities as of January 1, 2019 (PDF; 7.4 MiB)
- ↑ https://prestavlky.cz/historie
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, pp. 89-91
- ^ Johann Gottfried Sommer : The Kingdom of Bohemia; Represented statistically and topographically. Volume 5: Chrudimer Kreis. Prague 1837, p. 91