Palonosetron

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Structural formula
Structure of palonosetron
General
Non-proprietary name Palonosetron
other names

2 - [( S ) -quinuclidin-3-yl] - (3a R ) -2,3,3a, 4,5,6-hexahydro-1 H -benzo [ de ] isoquinolin-1-one

Molecular formula
  • C 19 H 24 N 2 O (palonosetron)
  • C 19 H 24 N 2 O HCl (palonosetron hydrochloride )
External identifiers / databases
CAS number
  • 135729-61-2 (palonosetron)
  • 135729-62-3 (palonosetron hydrochloride)
PubChem 6337614
DrugBank DB00377
Wikidata Q419841
Drug information
ATC code

A04 AA05

Drug class

Antiemetics

Mechanism of action

selective blockade of central 5-HT 3 receptors

properties
Molar mass
  • 296.41 g · mol -1 (palonosetron)
  • 332.87 g · mol -1 (· palonosetron hydrochloride)
Physical state

firmly

Melting point

87-88 ° C (palonosetron)

solubility

Easily soluble in water, slightly soluble in ethanol and 2-propanol (Palonosetron hydrochloride)

safety instructions
Please note the exemption from the labeling requirement for drugs, medical devices, cosmetics, food and animal feed
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases H: no H-phrases
P: no P-phrases
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Palonosetron is a in Germany in 2005 and in Austria and Switzerland under the trade name Aloxi ® (Manufacturer in Germany: Riemser drug ) for the prevention of nausea and vomiting in chemotherapy of cancer approved drug and belongs to the group of anti-emetics . As well as the already longer available ondansetron it belongs to the group of 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists, with a plasma half-life of about 40 hours, it has a much longer duration of action as ondansetron on. 250 µg palonosetron is given intravenously about 30 minutes before chemotherapy , although repeated administration within seven days is not recommended.

The major metabolites of palonosetron, the N -oxide (left) and 6 S -hydroxypalonosetron (right), have less than 1% of the pharmacological activity of palonosetron itself.

literature

  • MS Aapro: Palonosetron as an anti-emetic and anti-nausea agent in oncology. In: Ther Clin Risk Manag. 3 (6), Dec 2007, pp. 1009-1020. PMID 18516316 , PMC 2387285 (free full text).
  • NA Muchatuta, MJ Paech: Management of postoperative nausea and vomiting: focus on palonosetron. In: Ther Clin Risk Manag. 5 (1), Feb 2009, pp. 21-34. PMID 19436621 , PMC 2697527 (free full text).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b The Merck Index: An Encyclopedia of Chemicals, Drugs, and Biologicals. 14th edition. Merck & Co., Whitehouse Station, NJ, USA 2006, ISBN 0-911910-00-X , p. 1206.
  2. ↑ Template: CL Inventory / not harmonized There is not yet a harmonized classification for this substance . A labeling of 1H-Ben [de] isoquinolin-1-one, 2- (3S) -1-azabicyclo [2.2.2] oct-3-yl-2,3,3α, 4 is shown, which is derived from a self-classification by the distributor , 5,6-hexahydro-, monohydrochloride, (3αS) - in the Classification and Labeling Inventory of the European Chemicals Agency (ECHA), accessed on July 10, 2019.
  3. ^ A. Russ, S. Endres (Ed.): Arzneimittelpocket Plus 2008. 4th edition. 2007, ISBN 978-3-89862-287-5 .