Pantaleon Candidus

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Pantaleon Candidus ( also Pantaleon Weiß, Weiss ; * October 7, 1540 in Ybbs in Austria ; † February 3, 1608 in Zweibrücken ) was a Reformed theologian, historian and author.

Life

Candidus was born the son of the landowner Wolfgang Weiß and his wife Apollonia. When he was 10 years old he was sent to Weissenkirchen to see Andreas Cupicus , a preacher who was persecuted for his attitude towards the Reformation . As a 13-year-old he accompanied him to prison in Vienna . As a famulus one tried to encourage him to get his uncle to contradict. However, it was not successful.

After ten months in detention, there was an opportunity to escape from custody. First they fled to Hungary and after two years, when the waves of resentment had subsided, they returned to Austria near Ypps. Here he found in the abbot Veit Nuber a benefactor to continue his studies. However, due to his marriage, his patron had to flee to Amberg and Candidus followed him.

Here Candidus met Georg Agricola as a teacher and Wolfgang von Zweibrücken , who took Nuber and Candidus with him to Meisenheim . One year later, Candidus is the instructor of a son of Chancellor Ulrich Sitzinger in Zweibrücken, who persuaded Wolfgang von Zweibrücken to grant Candidus a scholarship to attend university.

Candidus moved to the University of Wittenberg , where he studied with Philipp Melanchthon , Georg Major and Paul Eber from 1558 to 1565. In Wittenberg he earned his living from the politician and lawyer Hubert Languet and in 1564 earned his degree in philosophy .

In 1565 he returned to Zweibrücken and was first a school teacher at the Latin school, then a pastor in Hinzweiler , then a deacon in Meisenheim, on March 3, 1571, a pastor in Zweibrücken and on September 11, 1571, General Superintendent of the Duchy of Palatinate-Zweibrücken. As such, he raised the children of Duke Johann I von Pfalz-Zweibrücken and was also involved in the theological changes in confessionalization.

His initial Philippist conviction changed under the influence of Johann Schwebel to a moderate Calvinist creed . Since he was the leading clergyman in Pfalz-Zweibrücken, this had an effect after the signature of the concord formula , with the adoption of Calvinism in the Duchy of Pfalz-Zweibrücken. He also blessed the marriage of the evangelical Archbishop and Elector of Cologne Gebhard I. von Waldburg on February 2, 1583 in Bonn . This enabled him to preach in Cologne and Bonn and to campaign for the introduction of Reformed teaching.

During his time, Candidus not only wrote theological works, but also dealt with historiography and poetics. He devoted himself to the history of Bohemia and dealt with the role of the Visigoths in the history of Spain. Particularly noteworthy are his selected fables, the content of which he didactically accentuated, in accordance with the Aesopian tradition in a lyrical cycle of Horazi odes. He shows himself influenced by the penetrating emblem books, which arranged groups of poems according to the characters.

Candidus was married three times, first in 1567 with Margarethe Sturtz, in second marriage in 1574 with Sibylla Kneupel and in third marriage in 1594 with Anna Hofmann, the widow of Tilemann Stellas .

Works

  • Catechesis doctrinae christianae carmine reddita . Wittenberg 1564, Strasbourg 1566, Basel 1570;
  • Elegiae precationum. Wittenberg 1570
  • Loci theologici. Basel 1570
  • Dialogus de unione personali duarum in Christo naturarum. 1583 (religious christology, which appeared under the name Palatinus Kednadon a Strasswick)
  • Ask that the youth are instructed to answer special questions correctly from their catechismo, that they understand them correctly . 1585
  • Clear report of the Christmas Eve of our master and Heyland's Jesus Christ . 1586. Edited by Daniel Toussaints and written under the pseudonym Nathanaelem Hodopoeum
  • Bohemais, hoc est de Ducibus bohemicis libro duo, de regibus bohemicis libri quinque ad D. Rudolphum II. Strasbourg 1587
  • Gotiberis, hoc est de Goticis per Hispaniam regibus e teutonica gente originem habentibus libri sex. Strasbourg 1587
  • Christian u. necessary explanation of the catechism from God's word, in short questions, etc. Answers asked. (German) Heidelberg, (German and Latin) Neustadt an der Haardt, (French) Geneva 1588.
  • Liber proverbiorum Salomonis. Strasbourg 1588
  • Epigrammatum sacrorum libri duodecim. Geneva 1589
  • Carminum sacrorum liber unus Heidelberg. 1589
  • Epitaphia antiqua et recentia Strasbourg. 1600
  • Ann. Seu tabulae chronologicae. Strasbourg 1602
  • Centum et Quinquaginta Fabulae carminibus explicatae. Frankfurt / Main 1604 published by Delitiae Poetarum Germanorum edited by Janus Gruter Volume 2 Frankfurt / Main 1612 pages 105–176
  • In laudem Joannis I, comitis Palatini. Zweibrücken 1605
  • Orationes funebres ex Mose concinnatae Zweibrücken. 1605 and 1606

literature

Web links

personal data
SURNAME Candidus, Pantaleon
ALTERNATIVE NAMES White, pantaleon; White, Pantaleon
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Reformed theologian, historian and author
DATE OF BIRTH October 7, 1540
PLACE OF BIRTH Ypps , Austria
DATE OF DEATH February 3, 1608
Place of death Zweibrücken