paradise

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Garden of Eden by Lucas Cranach , 1530, steps of the plot shown in parallel, three times with God the Father, each dressed in red and blue

According to Jewish and derived Christian and Islamic ideas, paradise is the place where people lived at the beginning of their existence until they were banished from it because of their fall .

Etymologically, the word comes from the ancient Iranian Awest language ; pairi daēza stands for a fenced area. The Hebrew pardēs is related (in later biblical texts for "tree garden" or "park" or "a tree park surrounded by a wall"). The alternative name is ' Garden of Eden ', Hebrew. גן עדן- Gan Eden , Arabic جنة عدن Dschannat Adan , DMG Ǧannat 'Adan or in plural form جنات عدن, DMG Ǧannāt 'Adan ' Gardens of Eden '. There was a similar idea in Greek mythology under the name Elysion .

Seven heavens over the earthly world, Persian miniature of the 11th century, Kashmiri reprint 1808

In addition to the backward-looking image, especially in Christianity and Islam, there is also a forward-looking image of paradise, namely as the kingdom of heaven into which those who are pleasing to God will come after death; see. Jesus' words to the discerning fellow crucified: “Today you will be with me in paradise” ( Luke 23:43  EU ). Islam has differentiated this idea more strongly, in it is paradise, Arabic جنة الفردوس, DMG Ǧannat al-Firdaus , the highest level of the total as Janna (جنة, literally "garden") designated Kingdom of Heaven. The Garden of Eden also appears in it, but as one of the intermediate levels.

swell

  • Meyers Großes Universallexikon, Vol. 10 (1984), p. 451.
  • Duden dictionary of origin (2006) p. 583.
  • Kluge, Etymological Dictionary of the German Language, 24th edition (2002), p. 679.
  • Schmid, Creation in the Old Testament (2012), p. 92.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ See also Paradeisos .
  2. ^ Friedrich Kluge , Alfred Götze : Etymological dictionary of the German language . 20th edition. Edited by Walther Mitzka . De Gruyter, Berlin / New York 1967; Reprint (“21st unchanged edition”) ibid 1975, ISBN 3-11-005709-3 , p. 531.
  3. ^ Wolfgang Teichert: Gardens: Paradisische Cultures. Stuttgart 1986, p. 10 f.