Paul Schneider-Esleben

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Listed residential complex of Interbau 57

Paul Maximilian Heinrich Schneider von Esleben , known as Paul Schneider-Esleben (PSE) (born August 23, 1915 in Düsseldorf ; † May 19, 2005 in Fischbachau am Schliersee ) was a German architect , designer and university professor who created democratic self-image with his buildings and promoted life in the young Bonn republic .

Haniel garage (1950–1952)
Mannesmann high-rise (1954)
Roland School (1961)
Cologne-Bonn Airport (1970)
Sparkasse Wuppertal (1973)

family

Paul Schneider-Esleben was the son of the Düsseldorf architect and monument conservator Franz Schneider (1877–1947) and his wife Maria Anna Elisabeth, née Esleben (1881–1950). He grew up with his six siblings in a Catholic-conservative environment. His brothers Karl (1918–1975) and Egon (1924–1980) also became architects in Düsseldorf.

According to his biographer Rolf Beckers, the creation of the name Schneider-Esleben or Schneider von Esleben comes from a connection between the maiden name Schneider and the name of the maternal family, which, however, had abandoned the predicate from around the middle of the 19th century. Later, Paul Schneider Esleben led by in his name again.

Paul Schneider-Esleben was married twice and was the father of Florian Schneider-Esleben (1947-2020), one of the founders of the Kraftwerk band , as well as the architect Claudia (* 1949) and the graphic artist Katharina (1955-2002). Paul Schneider-Esleben died on May 19, 2005 at the age of 89 on his estate in Fischbachau.

Life

In 1937 Schneider-Esleben began studying architecture at the Technical University of Darmstadt , which he had to interrupt in 1939 for military service in the Air Force. In 1942 he was trained as a pilot in occupied Lorraine . There he met Rudolf Schwarz , Emil Steffann and Rudolf Steinbach , who rebuilt villages and towns that had been destroyed by the war. In 1946, after a brief prisoner-of-war period, he was able to resume studying at the Technical University of Stuttgart and graduated from Hugo Keuerleber in 1947 .

From April 1947 to 1949 Schneider-Esleben was an external employee of Rudolf Schwarz; He worked on the competitions: Reconstruction of the parish church with parish buildings in Eschweiler-Dürrweiß and the extension of the Kolping House in Cologne . In 1948 he took over the office of his late father at Lembeck Castle , who, as a pupil of Carl Schäfer in the Münsterland, restored Westphalian moated castles and medieval churches. He completed his orders at Lembeck Castle, completed the crypt construction of the Benedictine Abbey of Königsmünster , Meschede , and designed the emergency church there.

The designs of his early houses, which Schneider-Esleben then built for families in the country, show the influences of Emil Steffann , Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Egon Eiermann. With the construction of the glass “ Haniel Garage ” Düsseldorf , Germany's first parking garage and motel after the war, he further developed the German tradition of classic modernism and achieved international fame.

The Mannesmann high-rise on the banks of the Rhine (competition 1954; execution from 1956 - 1958 with Egon Eiermann; monument since 2001; today seat of a ministry) as well as the point high-rise for Commerzbank Düsseldorf (1962; monument; conversion to a hotel) by Schneider-Esleben were others , important contributions of German post-war modernism to the international style .

In addition to these major projects and residential Schneider Esleben built in 1952, the war-ravaged, built in 1927 by his father church St.Bonifatius (Dusseldorf-Bilk ) again and created 1954 with the place of the war-torn, neo-Romanesque church built Rochus Church in Düsseldorf- Pempelfort one in his internal effect and external appearance of impressive and most unusual sacred buildings after 1945.

From 1961 to 1970 Schneider-Esleben taught architecture as a professor at the Hamburg University of Fine Arts and in 1965 as a visiting professor at the Vienna University of Technology. During this time he was influenced by brutalism . Terminal 1 of Cologne / Bonn Airport , which opened in 1970 and which he designed as the first “drive-in airport” in Europe with four “satellites”, is his outstanding work of those years.

The picture of the step mountain , which Hans Poelzig drew in 1916, Rudolf Schwarz discussed in 1949 and designed in 1958 in the competition for the church with the Regina Martyrum memorial in Berlin-Charlottenburg, was realized by Schneider-Esleben with the “step high-rise” for the headquarters of ARAG insurance in Düsseldorf . From 1967 to 1998 it was the landmark on Mörsenbroicher Ei , despite the resistance of the citizens against the objection of the state conservator, it was torn down due to alleged asbestos contamination and replaced by the ARAG tower . The high-rise he designed for the Stadtsparkasse Wuppertal (1973) and the tallest building in the city was declared a monument in 2015.

Schneider-Esleben, who took care of the maintenance of his buildings to the last, saw his copyright at Cologne-Bonn Airport infringed by the construction measures planned by Helmut Jahn . Only after lengthy disputes with the airport operator did he waive his right to be involved in all structural changes in February 2005 in return for a payment of 175,000 euros.

reception

The AM (Architekturmuseum der Technische Universität München ) took over his extensive legacy in 2006 and organized the first retrospective of his work in 2015 on the occasion of his 100th birthday. In the same year, the Museum of Architecture and Engineering North Rhine-Westphalia dedicated exhibitions in Düsseldorf and Hamburg to the work of PSE.

Since 2014, Dr. Regine Heß from AM using the example of the architect Paul Schneider-Esleben on the goals and content of building in the early post-war modernity of the Bonn Republic .

honors and awards

plant

buildings

Fonts

Quotes

  • ... Schneider-Esleben took up ideas from Ludwig Mies van der Rohe in his reduction of form to "skin and bone architecture" ... (Die Welt, May 24, 2005)
  • Like a glacier tongue, the jagged concrete phalanx of the reception building winds its way towards the airfield. (Süddeutsche Zeitung on Cologne-Bonn Airport, 1970)
  • The coexistence of manual production in Schneider-Esleben's residential buildings and the Haniel garage, which is rooted in industrial construction, appears today as an interesting tension and as an indication of the transition from master builder to industrially manufactured architecture. (Regine Heß: Living in the post-war period. Single-family houses by Paul Schneider-Esleben between tradition and modernity. In: Rudolf Fischer and Wolf Tegethoff (eds.): Modern living. Furniture design and living culture of modernity. Berlin 2015, p. 462.)
  • Paul Schneider-Esleben's most successful times were the 50s; later, mainly because of the manageable size of his office, he rarely achieved competitive successes. This first time of the breakthrough of an internationally influenced modernity is all the more interesting, which first had to break up the patterns of perception in architecture and fine arts that were still used to classical or neoclassical forms. Not least in this fundamental function, the work of Paul Schneider-Esleben is worth studying in depth. (Frank Maier-Solgk, Bauwelt No. 31, 2015)

literature

Exhibitions

Web links

Commons : Paul Schneider-Esleben  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Pioneer of modern architecture Obituary for Paul Maximilian Heinrich Schneider von Esleben. Deutschlandfunk, May 24, 2005, accessed on August 8, 2019 .
  2. ^ Regine Heß: Modern living in the post-war period. Single-family houses by Paul Schneider-Esleben between tradition and modernity. In: academia.edu. 2015, accessed August 5, 2019 .
  3. ^ Paul Schneider-Esleben: Master School for Ceramics and Weaving. In: mediaTUM. Architekturmuseum München, accessed on August 8, 2019 .
  4. ^ Wolfgang Pehnt and Hilde Strohl: Rudolf Schwarz, Architect of Another Modernism . Hatje, Ostfildern-Ruit 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0642-9 , p. 264 .
  5. ^ Paul Schneider-Esleben: Catholic Church Eschweiler - Dürrwiß. In: mediaTUM. AM Architekturmuseum der TU München, accessed on August 7, 2019 .
  6. ^ Wolfgang Pehnt, Hilde Strohl: Rudolf Schwarz, Architect of Another Modernism . Hatje, Ostfildern-Ruit 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0642-9 , p. 266 .
  7. ^ Paul Schneider-Esleben: Emergency Church of the Benedictine Abbey of Königsmünster. In: mediaTUM. Architekturmuseum der TU München, 1950, accessed on August 7, 2019 .
  8. ^ Regine Heß: Modern living in the post-war period. Single-family houses by Paul Schneider-Esleben between tradition and modernity . In: Rudolf Fischer and Wolf Tegethoff (eds.): Modern living. Modern furniture design and home decor . Gbr. Mann Verlag, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-7861-2761-1 , pp. 463 .
  9. ↑ Anette Kolkau: Doubt and Magic - On the architecture of Paul Schneider von Esleben. In: mai-nrw.de (Museum for Architecture and Engineering in North Rhine-Westphalia). 2015, accessed August 10, 2019 .
  10. ↑ Commerzbank tower becomes a hotel. In: WZ.de (Westdeutsche Zeitung). October 5, 2018, accessed August 8, 2019 .
  11. ^ Paul Schneider-Esleben: St. Bonifatius, reconstruction and expansion. In: mediaTUM. Architekturmuseum München, 1952, accessed on August 9, 2019 .
  12. ^ Wilhelm Dahmen: The Reconstruction of Churches of Historicism (1850-1914) in the Archdiocese of Cologne (1945-1995) . In: Archdiocese of Cologne, Department of Building, Art and Monument Preservation (Ed.): New Churches in the Archdiocese of Cologne 1955–1995 . tape 2 , ISBN 3-922634-15-X , pp. 496-497 .
  13. ^ Hans Poelzig, House of Friendship, Constantinople 1916: Rudolf Schwarz . Ed .: Manfred Sundermann, Claudia Lang and Maria Schwarz. Bonn 1981, ISBN 3-922343-11-2 , pp. 35 .
  14. ↑ Rudolf Schwarz: From the cultivation of the earth . Lambert Schneider, Heidelberg 1949, p. 21-42 .
  15. ^ Wolfgang Pehnt, Hilde Strohl: Rudolf Schwarz, Architect of Another Modernism . Hatje, Ostfildern-Ruit 1997, ISBN 3-7757-0642-9 , p. 292 .
  16. ^ Paul Schneider-Esleben: ARAG - step high-rise, Allgemeine Versicherungs-AG, head office. In: mediaTUM. Retrieved August 8, 2019 .
  17. ↑ Timo Klippstein: Sparkasse Wuppertal is a listed building. In: mai-nrw.de (Museum for Architecture and Engineering in North Rhine-Westphalia). Retrieved August 8, 2019 .
  18. ^ Andres Lepik and Regine Heß: Paul Schneider-Esleben. Architect. Architekturmuseum TUM, 2015, accessed on August 6, 2019 .
  19. ↑ Beatrix Novy: Architect Paul Schneider-Esleben - Determined avant-garde. In: Deutschlandfunk. July 29, 2015, accessed August 8, 2019 .
  20. ^ M: AI: Paul Schneider von Esleben. The legacy of post-war modernism ”in Hamburg. Museum of Architecture and Engineering North Rhine-Westphalia, 2015, accessed on August 7, 2019 .
  21. ^ Archive of the Museum of Architecture and Engineering NRW: Paul Schneider von Esleben - The legacy of post-war modernism. M: AI, accessed August 7, 2019 .
  22. ^ Architect Paul Schneider-von-Esleben: "The counter program to Nazi modernity". In: DeutschlandfunkKultur.de. August 23, 2015, accessed August 9, 2019 .
  23. ^ Regine Heß: The architect Paul Schneider-Esleben and post-war modernity. In: DFG-GEPRIS. DFG German Research Foundation, accessed on August 7, 2019 .
  24. ^ A b c Otto Voelckers : On the houses of Paul Schneider-Esleben in Glasforum 4/1955, Karl Hofmann Verlag, Schorndorf
  25. ↑ German construction newspaper . Issue 5/1957
  26. ^ A b Margot Klütsch: More from and about Paul Schneider von Esleben in Düsseldorf. Local courier Düsseldorf, December 2, 2015, accessed on May 2, 2020 .
  27. ↑ administrative center Hochdahl , In: Detail 1/1975.
  28. ↑ Frank Maier-Solgk: Paul Schneider Esleben. Bauwelt No. 31, 2015, accessed on August 8, 2019 .
  29. ↑ Exhibitions on Paul Schneider-Esleben - Zwei Mal Paul , on derarchitektbda.de, accessed on August 6, 2019
  30. ^ Paul Schneider-Esleben (1915-2005) - An Architect of the Federal Republican Modernism ( Memento from September 19, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Schneider-Esleben, Paul
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Tailor from Esleben, Paul
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German architect
DATE OF BIRTH August 23, 1915
PLACE OF BIRTH Dusseldorf
DATE OF DEATH May 19, 2005
Place of death Fischbachau , Germany