Peter from Winter

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Peter von Winter (1815)

Peter von Winter (baptized August 28, 1754 in Mannheim ; † October 17, 1825 in Munich ) was a German composer , singing teacher and conductor .

Life

Peter von Winter was the son of a brigadier at the Electoral Court in Mannheim . At the age of ten he was already playing in the Mannheim court orchestra as a violinist and is attested as a double bass player in 1773, and from 1776 he was firmly committed as a violinist with the title "Hofmusicus". At the same time he became the leader of Theobald Marchand's private singing troupe, which performed German Singspiele.

In Mannheim, Winter was like Franz Danzi (and later also Carl Maria von Weber and Giacomo Meyerbeer ) a student of Abbé Vogler . When the Mannheim court orchestra followed Elector Karl Theodor to his new residence in Munich in 1778 , Winter also moved there (like Danzi, Cannabich, etc.). In the same year he married the tailor's daughter Marianne Grosser. From Munich he went on numerous concert tours. With an electoral scholarship, he was allowed to go to Vienna with his orchestra colleague Franz Tausch in 1780/81 to take lessons with Antonio Salieri . In 1787 he became vice-director of vocal music in Munich, and in 1798 court conductor. In 1811 he founded the Musical Academy, which still lives on today in the academy concerts of the Bavarian State Orchestra . In his “Ideas for the Aesthetics of a Tonkunst”, Christian Friedrich Daniel Schubart emphasizes Winter's symphonies and their treatment of minor episodes.

His main work is the Singspiel The Interrupted Sacrifice Festival , which premiered in Vienna in 1796 and was extremely successful throughout Europe until the mid-19th century; it was last shown in 1917, on the occasion of an opera festival week in Leipzig . The popularity of the work can also be seen in the composition of seven variations on Kind, Do you want to sleep easy by Beethoven (WoO 75). Like Goethe , Winter tried his hand at a sequel to Mozart's Magic Flute with the "great heroic-comic opera" The Labyrinth or the Fight with the Elements (1798) based on a text by Schikaneder . One of the settings of Goethe's Singspiel Scherz, List und Rache is also by Winter.

In the course of extensive travels, Winter presented his theatrical work across Europe. In addition to his numerous works for the stage, he also created compositions in the areas of chamber and orchestral music, including some symphonies and solo concerts, always in three movements. In 1808 he became a member of the Paris Conservatory and in 1815 of the Royal Academy of Music of Sweden . For his fiftieth anniversary as a court musician, he was awarded the Order of Merit of the Bavarian Crown by King Max Joseph of Bavaria on March 23, 1814, thereby raising him to the rank of personal nobility . The now Peter von Winter earned merit as a music pedagogue through the publication of his “Complete Singing School” in 1825. After his death, the Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung in Leipzig devoted a long, fourteen-page article to him, which was his assessment at the time as one of the most important German composers of his time.

tomb

Grave of Peter Winter on the old southern cemetery in Munich location

The tomb of Peter Winter is on the old southern cemetery in Munich (wall right place 309 at cemetery 18) location .

Works

Symphonic works

  • Symphonies: No. 1 in D major; No. 2 in F major; No. 3 in B flat major (published 1795); Sinfonia in D major "Schweriner" (undated)
  • Concerto for Clarinet and Orchestra in E flat major (before 1793)
  • Concerto for oboe and orchestra in F major (1811)
  • Concerto No. 2 for flute and orchestra in D minor (1813)
  • Overture a grand orchester in c minor op.24 (1817)
  • Six Entr'Actes (1807-1811)

Ballets

All premiered in Munich

  • Pyramus and Tisbe (1779)
  • La mort d'Hector (1779)
  • The Love of Henry IV and Gabriele or The Siege of Paris (1779)
  • The French pleasure garden (1779)
  • Bavarian Merrymaking or Marriage by Opportunity (1779)
  • Ines de Castro (1780)
  • Vologesus (Il trionfo della verità) (1786)
  • La mort d'Orphée et d'Euridice (1792)

Church vocal music

  • Missa brevis
  • Missa solemnis
  • Missa (1799)
  • Pastoral Mass (1805)
  • Requiem for Giuseppe II for 4 voices and orchestra (1790)
  • Missa di Requiem per 4 voci e orchestra
  • Diversi salmi per voci soliste, coro e orchestra
  • 2 Te Deum
  • Stabat Mater
  • Numerous trade fairs

Operas

  • Cora and Alonzo (melodrama, libretto by JM von Babo, 1778, Munich)
  • Lenardo and Blandine (melodrama, libretto by JF von Göz, based on Gottfried August Bürger , 1779, Munich)
  • Reinhold and Armida (melodrama, libretto by JM von Babo, based on la Gerusalemme liberata by Torquato Tasso , 1780, Munich)
  • Helena and Paris (Serious Singspiel, libretto by KJ Förg, based on Ranieri de 'Calzabigi , 1782, Munich)
  • The Shepherd Girl (Singspiel, libretto by H. Braun, 1784, Munich)
  • The begging student, or Das Donnerwetter (Singspiel, libretto by Paul Weidmann , based on La cueva de Salamanca by Miguel de Cervantes , 1785, Munich)
  • Bellerophon (Serious Singspiel, libretto by Johann Friedrich Binder von Krieglstein, 1785, Munich)
  • Circe (Opera seria, libretto by D. Perelli), not listed
  • Medea and Jason (melodrama, libretto by AC von Törring-Seefeld, 1789, Munich)
  • Psyche (Heroic Singspiel, libretto by Karl Friedrich Müchler , 1790, Munich)
  • Jery ​​and Bäteli (Singspiel, libretto by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe , 1790, Munich)
  • The Linden Festival, or The Festival of Friendship (operetta), not listed
  • Joke, cunning and revenge (Scapin and Scapine) (Singspiel, libretto by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, 1790, Munich)
  • Catone in Utica (Dramma per musica, libretto by Pietro Metastasio , 1791, Venice)
  • Antigona (Opera seria, libretto by Marco Coltellini , 1791, Naples)
  • Il sacrificio di Creta, ossia Arianna e Teseo (Dramma per musica, libretto by Pietro Pariati , 1792, Venice)
  • I fratelli rivali (Dramma giocoso, libretto by M. Botturini, 1793, Venice)
  • Belisa, ossia la fedeltà riconosciuta (Dramma tragicomico, libretto by A. Pepoli, 1794, Venice)
  • The Thomas Night (Komische Oper, 1795 Bayreuth)
  • Ogus, ossia Il trionfo del bel sesso (Il tartaro convinto in amore) (Dramma giocoso, libretto by Giovanni Bertati , 1795, Prague) - re-performance of the Neuburg Chamber Opera 2007
  • I due vedovi (libretto by Giovanni De Gamerra , 1796, Vienna)
  • The interrupted festival of sacrifice ( Il sacrificio interrotto ; Le sacrifice interromptu ; The Oracle, or The Interrupted Sacrifice ) (heroic-comic opera, libretto by Franz Xaver Huber, 1796, Vienna)
  • Babylon's pyramids (heroic-comic opera, libretto by Emanuel Schikaneder, 1797, Vienna)
  • Pigmalione (Dramma semiserio, 1797, Munich)
  • The Labyrinth, or The Struggle with the Elements (The Magic Flute, Second Part) (Heroic-Comical Opera, Libretto by Emanuel Schikaneder, 1798, Vienna) - re-performance Cuvilliés-Theater Munich 1978 (edited), Oper Chemnitz 2002 (edited) and Salzburg Festival 2012 (approved)
  • Der Sturm (Great Opera, libretto by FX Kaspar , after The Tempest by William Shakespeare , 1798, Munich)
  • Marie von Montalban (Serious Singspiel, Libretto by Karl Reger, after Johann Nepomuk Komarek , 1800, Munich)
  • Tamerlane (Libretto di E. Morel de Chédeville, based on L'orphelin de la Chine by Voltaire , 1802, Paris)
  • La grotta di Calipso (Opera seria, libretto by Lorenzo da Ponte , 1803, London)
  • Il trionfo dell'amor fraterno (Opera seria, libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte, 1804, London)
  • Il ratto di Proserpina (Opera seria, libretto by Lorenzo Da Ponte, 1804, London)
  • Zaira (Libretto by Lorenzo da Ponte, after Voltaire, 1805, London)
  • Der Frauenbund (Komische Oper, libretto by JM von Babo, 1805, Munich)
  • The two blind people (Singspiel, libretto by Franz Ignaz von Holbein , 1810, Munich)
  • Solomon's judgment (1808, Munich)
  • Colmal (heroic opera, libretto by Matthäus von Collin , based on Ossian , 1809, Munich)
  • The Slippers (Singspiel, libretto by JF Schink, 1811, Hamburg)
  • Maometto (Tragedia, libretto: Felice Romani , based on Voltaire, 1817, Milan Teatro alla Scala ) - re-performance (CD recording) at Rossini in Wildbad 2002
  • I due Valdomiri (Opera seria, libretto by Felice Romani , 1817, Milan)
  • Etelinda (Opera semiseria, libretto by Giuseppe Rossi, 1818, Milan)
  • The singer and the tailor (Singspiel, libretto by Friedrich von Drieberg , 1820, Munich)

Concert aria

  • Aria for soprano, solo clarinet and strings "Torni al tuo sen la calma" (1788)

Fonts

  • Gesangschule Complete singing school in four divisions with Teutonic, Italian and French preliminary remarks and explanations Sr. Ma Maximilian Joseph King of Bavaria dedicated in deepest reverence, Mainz 1825

literature

Essays
Books
  • Ignaz Ferdinand Arnold : Peter Winter. His short biography and aesthetic presentation of his works . In: Ders .: Gallery of the most famous musicians of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Their short biographies, characterizing anecdotes and aesthetic presentation of their works, Vol. 2 . Müller, Erfurt 1810.
  • Michael Kelly : Reminiscences. Da Capo Press, Nerw York 1968 (Unchanged reprint of the London edition 1826).
  • Arthur Friedrich Bussenius: Peter von Winter, Abbot Vogler, Friedrich Ernst Feska (The Composers of Modern Times, Vol. 38). Balde, Kassel 1856.
  • Louis Spohr : autobiography. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1955 (2 volumes, unchanged reprint of the Kassel 1860 edition).
  • Franz Grandaur: Chronicle of the royal court and national theater in Munich. To celebrate its 100th anniversary . Ackermann, Munich 1878.
  • Viktor Egon Frensdorf: Peter Winter as an opera composer. Erlangen 1908 (also dissertation, University of Munich).
  • Hermann Kretzschmar : History of the Opera. Sendet, Wiesbaden 1970, ISBN 3-500-21660-9 (unchanged reprint of the Leipzig 1919 edition).
  • Ludwig Kuckuk: Peter Winter as a German opera composer. A contribution to the history of the development of the second German opera movement. Dissertation Heidelberg 1924.
  • Ernst Bücken : The heroic style in the opera. Kistner & Siegel, Leipzig 1924.
  • Otto Ursprung: Munich's musical past from the early days to Richard Wagner (art and history; 2). Bayerland-Verlag, Munich 1927.
  • Edmund Löffler : Peter Winter as a church musician. A contribution to the history of the fair. Dissertation, University of Frankfurt 1929.
  • Ludwig Schiedermair : The German opera. 3rd edition Dümmler, Bonn 1943 (EA Leipzig 1930).
  • Umberto Manferrari: Dictionnaire universal delle opere melodrammatiche, Vol. 3: P-Z . Sansoni, Florence 1954.
  • Heinz Becker (Ed.): Giacomo Meyerbeer : Correspondence and Diaries, Vol. 1: Until 1824 . DeGruyter, Berlin 1960.
  • Hubertus Bolongaro-Crevenna: L'arpa festante. The Munich Opera 1651-1825. Callwey, Munich 1963.
  • Manuela Jahrmärker: Ossian . A figure and an idea of ​​European music theater around 1800 (Berliner Musik Studien; 2). Edition Studio, Cologne 1993, ISBN 3-86114-041-1 (also dissertation, Free University Berlin 1991)
  • Thomas Gebhard: Studies on the clarinet setting and style in the concert works of Georg Friedrich Fuchs , Peter von Winter and Franz Danzi . With a detailed thematic catalog of all available compositions for solo clarinet (studies and materials on musicology; 15). Olms, Hildesheim 1998, ISBN 3-487-10647-7 (also dissertation, University of Göttingen 1997)
  • Angelika Tasler: The church music of Peter von Winters (1754-1825). Life and work of the Munich court music director, Vol. 1 (Rombach Sciences; 11). Rombach Verlag, Freiburg / B. 2009, ISBN 978-3-7930-9579-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ knerger.de: The grave of Peter von Winter
  2. ↑ Bussenius used the pseudonym "William Neumann" here.
personal data
SURNAME Winter, Peter von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German composer of classical music
DATE OF BIRTH baptized August 28, 1754
PLACE OF BIRTH Mannheim
DATE OF DEATH October 17, 1825
Place of death Munich