Polkowice
| Polkowice | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Polkowice | ||
| Area : | 8.79 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 30 ' N , 16 ° 4' E | ||
| Height : | 173 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 22,480 (June 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 59-100 and 59-101 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 76 | ||
| License plate : | DPL | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Urban and rural municipality | ||
| Gmina structure: | 15 districts | ||
| Surface: | 158.77 km² | ||
| Residents: | 27,676 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 174 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 0216043 | ||
| Administration (as of 2018) | |||
| Mayor : | Łukasz Puźniecki | ||
| Address: | Rynek 1 59-100 Polkowice |
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| Website : | www.polkowice.pl | ||
Polkowice [ pɔlkɔˈvʲiʦɛ ] ( German : Polkwitz ; 1937–1945: Heerwegen ) is the district town of Powiat Polkowicki ( Polkwitz district ) in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland .
Geographical location
The city is located in Lower Silesia on the southwestern edge of the Dalkau Mountains , 200 meters above sea level, about 15 kilometers northwest of Lubin (Lüben) .
history
Polkwitz, which belonged to the Duchy of Glogau , was designated a city as early as 1276, and in 1291 the city received its own coat of arms. In 1365 the place became part of Bohemia . A fire in 1457 destroyed parts of the city. The city was surrounded by a city wall. After the First Silesian War Polkwitz came to Prussia in 1742 , where it remained as a country town in the Glogau district until the end of the Second World War . The city had a Protestant church and a Catholic church. Around 1930 there were cattle and horse markets, a sawmill and a steam brickworks in Polkwitz. In 1937 Polkwitz was renamed Heerwegen .
On February 8, 1945 the Red Army took the city and in March / April 1945 placed it under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . This introduced the place name Polkowice and drove out the local population. The place, which was settled with Poland in the post-war period , lost its status as a city.
After the Second World War, the Polish administration reactivated heavy industry in the occupied territories of Lower Silesia and accelerated the mining of mineral resources. Now the large copper deposits in the area of Polkowice and Lubin were developed, which went hand in hand with the rapid growth of the small town. In 1967 Polkowice was able to regain its town charter. In the 1980s the city already had 20,000 inhabitants, and numerous new (prefabricated) housing developments had emerged outside of the old town. The city center itself fell into disrepair and the small-town buildings around the market square were demolished. After the political change in Poland, the urban planning attitude changed and the old town was built with new buildings based on the demolished houses - the city center was revitalized .
Population development
| year | Residents | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| 1861 | 2,300 | including 1,802 Evangelicals |
| 1885 | 2,033 | |
| 1905 | 1,654 | including 329 Catholics and eleven Jews |
| 1910 | 1,613 | |
| 1925 | 1,670 | predominantly Evangelicals, 300 Catholics |
| 1933 | 1,748 | |
| 1939 | 1,601 | |
| 1969 | 4,462 | |
| 1970 | ~ 10,600 | |
| 1983 | ~ 19,700 | |
| 1995 | 21,825 | |
| 2000 | 21,841 | |
| 2005 | 22,290 |
economy
Mining is of great importance to Polkowice . The area around Polkowice and Lubin is the largest Polish copper mining area . KGHM operates the Rudna mine here .
A diesel engine plant has also been an important employer since 1998, producing 1.9l TDI engines for the brands of the Volkswagen Group. The owner and operator is Volkswagen Motor Polska Sp. Z oo
traffic
Polkowice is located on expressway 3 (E65), which is an important north-south connection in western Poland.
For the history of the railway, see Polkwitz – Raudtener Kleinbahn .
sons and daughters of the town
- Fra Cyprian (1724–1775), botanist and physician
- Albrecht zu Dohna-Schlodien (1764–1813), Lieutenant Colonel
- Hermann von Wilczeck (1836–1901), general of the infantry
- Karl von Rettberg (1865–1944), officer
- Martin Schwarzbach (1907–2003), geoscientist
- Fritz Thiel (1916–1943), resistance fighter against National Socialism
- Werner Kube (1923–1945), resistance fighter - born in the Trebitsch district
local community
The urban and rural community of Polkowice has around 26,000 inhabitants on an area of 158.77 km² and, in addition to the main town of the same name, is divided into the following school authorities (sołectwo) :
- Biedrzychowa (Friedrichswalde)
- Dąbrowa (Dammer)
- Guzice (Gusitz ; 1937–1945: Schenkfeld)
- Jędrzychów (Groß Heinzendorf)
- Kaźmierzów (Arnsdorf)
- Komorniki (Küßenick ; 1937–1945: Eichbach)
- Moskorzyn (Musternick ; 1937–1945: Herzogtal)
- Nowa Wieś Lubińska (Neudorf)
- Pieszkowice (Petersdorf)
- Sobin (Herbersdorf)
- Sucha Górna (Ober Zauche)
- Tarnówek (Tarnau b. Küßenick ; 1937–1945: Dornbusch)
- Trzebcz (Trebitsch ; 1937–1945: Rodetal)
- Żelazny Most (Eisemost)
- Żuków (Suckau)
Partner municipality
The joint municipality of Sickte in Lower Saxony and the municipality of Heumen in the Netherlands are partner municipalities of Polkowice.
See also
Web links
- City website (Polish, English, German)
literature
- Paul Brucksch (ed.): Chronicle of the city of Polkwitz. Edited and compiled from official sources . Hellmann, Glogau 1911.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ a b c Der Große Brockhaus , Volume 14, Leipzig 1933, p. 715.
- ↑ Friedrich Gottlob Eduard Anders : Historical statistics of the Protestant churches of Silesia together with a church chart . Breslau 1867, p. 452.
- ↑ http://www.retrobibliothek.de/retrobib/seite.html?id=113020
- ^ Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon , 6th edition, Volume 16, Leipzig / Vienna 1909, p. 106.
- ↑ http://www.gemeindeververzeichnis.de/gem1900///////gem1900.htm?schlesien/glogau.htm
- ^ A b Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. glogau.html # ew39glogheerweg. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ↑ a b Heinz Rudolf Fritsche: Silesian signpost. Bechtermünz Verlag, Augsburg 1996
- ^ Encyclopedia Powszechna PWN
- ↑ a b c http://www.stat.gov.pl