Female professor program

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The professors program is a support program in Germany , the federal government and the states decided in 2007 and started in the year of 2008. On the one hand, the program is intended to increase the number of female professors and, on the other, to strengthen the equality structures at universities . It was evaluated in 2012 and 2017 and extended by five years each. So far, 500 million euros have been spent across all program phases.

concept

The federal and state program for women professors is intended to promote equality between men and women in the academic system and contribute to greater gender equality.

Universities that appoint a scientist to a W2 or W3 professorship for an unlimited period for the first time in their career can receive start-up funding for up to five years, which can amount to up to 150,000 euros per year. In order to receive this funding, the universities must submit their gender equality concept. If your concept is assessed positively by an external committee, up to three positions at the university can be funded for up to five years. The funds that the university would otherwise have spent on financing the positions must flow into equality measures. At the Technical University of Dresden , for example, have been mentoring programs and promotions - and Habilitation promotion introduced for young scientists. The university also set up a counseling service for couples on the compatibility of science and family. Universities that have already received funding from the program must prove that they have successfully implemented their gender equality concept when submitting a second application.

development

In 2000, every tenth professorial position was occupied by a woman, in 2008 every sixth (17.4%). In 2012, after completing the first round of the female professorial program, every fifth professorial position was occupied by a woman.

According to the results of the Federal Statistical Office (Destatis), there were 43,800 professors working at German universities at the end of 2012, around 900 more than in the previous year. From 2002 to 2012 the total number increased by almost 16%. During the same period, the proportion of women also increased: between 2002 and 2012 it rose from just under 12% (4,500 chair holders) to over 20% (8,900 chair holders). In the linguistic and cultural studies (36%) and in the arts and art studies (30%) around every third chair was occupied by a woman. The proportion of female professors in all other subject groups was a maximum of 25%. The lowest proportions of women were found in engineering (10%) and mathematics and natural sciences (14%). But also in these subject groups the proportion increased compared to 2002, by 4% in engineering and by 7% in mathematics and natural sciences.

Up to May 2015, 400 professorships at 169 German universities were funded. A total of 198 universities took part in the program (80 universities including university clinics, six teacher training colleges, 94 technical colleges and 18 artistic and musical universities).

Judgment and criticism

The Federal Conference of Women’s and Equal Opportunities Commissioners (BuKoF) assessed the introduction of the program in 2007 as a “consistent further development of previous measures to promote equal opportunities for women in science.” Since the allocation of funds is tied to convincing equality concepts, a “ Take-away effect "avoided.

Bündnis 90 / Die Grünen criticized in 2008 that the program was too “selective” and did not work towards the “necessary systematic removal of structural barriers”. In 2012, the SPD and the Greens asked in a joint application that the approval of research funding should in principle be linked to gender equality obligations.

According to Education State Secretary Cornelia Quennet-Thielen (2012), the funding program made a “significant” contribution to increasing the proportion of female professors. The program is also successful because of its structural effects. At the universities, the female professors program triggered a broad discussion about equality between women.

In 2013, the business administration professor emeritus Günter Buchholz wrote an open letter (“Frankfurt Declaration on Equal Opportunities Policy”) to the federal government in which he criticized the female professors' program contributing to the discrimination of men and contradicting the principle of achievement. Well-qualified men are not hired, so the level of research and teaching is falling. However, when asked by the Süddeutsche Zeitung , Buchholz admitted that his claim is difficult to prove. About 1500 people have signed this declaration so far. The MEP Angelika Niebler (CSU), on the other hand, welcomed the professors' program and disagreed with Buchholz. The fact that there are too few women in top positions in business and at universities is not a question of qualifications, but of the established structures.

literature

  • Eva Blome et al .: Handbook on Gender Equality Policy at Universities , Chapter 3.7. Current initiatives: research-oriented standards on gender equality of the DFG and professors program of the federal and state governments . Springer VS, second, completely revised edition, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-531-17567-6 , pp. 136ff.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The female professor program. Federal Ministry of Education and Research, accessed on July 24, 2018 .
  2. ↑ Arnfrid Schenk: Equal Opportunities. Bye-bye, Alma Father. In: Zeit Online. April 18, 2015, accessed August 18, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Female professor program supports 400th appointment. In: Press release from the Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Federal Ministry of Education and Research, April 22, 2015, accessed on August 18, 2015 .
  4. ^ Equal Opportunities Concept 2009 of the Technical University of Dresden. (No longer available online.) Technische Universität Dresden, March 2, 2009, formerly in the original ; accessed on August 18, 2015 .  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / tu-dresden.de  
  5. ↑ Gender equality concept 2014 of the Technical University of Dresden. (No longer available online.) Technische Universität Dresden, March 4, 2014, archived from the original on July 8, 2014 ; accessed on August 18, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / tu-dresden.de
  6. ↑ Notice. Federal Ministry of Education and Research, December 6, 2012, accessed on January 26, 2016 .
  7. ↑ a b c The percentage of women in professorships rose to over 20% in 2012. In: Press release No. 235 of the Federal Statistical Office. Destatis, July 11, 2013, accessed August 18, 2015 .
  8. ↑ Maria Fiedler: Men's Domain University Professorship: Women in the first row. Spiegel Online Unispiegel, June 28, 2015, accessed on August 18, 2015 .
  9. ↑ 400. Professorship goes to a MINT woman. (No longer available online.) Federal Ministry of Education and Research, May 7, 2015, archived from the original on July 15, 2015 ; accessed on July 27, 2015 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bmbf.de
  10. ↑ The female professor program. Federal Ministry of Education and Research, accessed on July 27, 2015 .
  11. ↑ a b Eva Blome et al .: The female professors program - a success story? In: this: Handbook on Equal Opportunities Policy at Universities , Springer VS, second, completely revised edition, Wiesbaden 2013, ISBN 978-3-531-17567-6 , pp. 138f.
  12. ^ Application from the SPD / Greens dated June 13, 2012, accessed on August 13, 2015
  13. ^ Fresh money for new professors , Tagesspiegel article from July 2, 2012, accessed on August 13, 2015
  14. ↑ Every fifth professorship is occupied by a woman , article in the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of June 18, 2012, accessed on July 27, 2015
  15. ↑ a b Qual der Quote , article in the Süddeutsche Zeitung of November 18, 2013, accessed on August 13, 2015
  16. ^ Frankfurt Declaration , accessed on January 26, 2016