Rath / Heumar

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Coat of arms of Cologne
Rath / Heumar
district 808 of Cologne
Location of Rath / Heumar in the Cologne-Kalk district
Coordinates 50 ° 55 '17 "  N , 7 ° 4' 54"  E Coordinates: 50 ° 55 '17 "  N , 7 ° 4' 54"  E
surface 12.91 km²
Residents 11,771 (Dec. 31, 2016)
Population density 912 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation Apr. 1, 1914 (Rath)
Jan. 1, 1975 (Heumar)
Post Code 51107
prefix 0221
Borough Lime (8)
Transport links
Highway A3
Light rail line 9
Bus route 154 423
Source: 2017 residents . (PDF) Cologne district information

Rath / Heumar is a district of Cologne on the right bank of the Rhine in the Kalk district .

location

Rath / Heumar entrance sign

Rath / Heumar is located on the eastern city limits and borders in the east on the forest edge of the local recreation area Königsforst in front of the heights of the Bergisches Land . In the east there are Bergisch Gladbach and Rösrath , in the south the district Eil , in the west Gremberghoven and Ostheim , in the north-west Neubrück and in the north Brück . Due to its location, Rath / Heumar is a preferred residential area with several settlements of single-family houses.

history

The place was already inhabited in prehistoric times, as evidenced by a hand ax find from the Stone Age and burial mound fields from the Hallstatt period east of the mouse path. Since the Middle Ages, Heumar and Rath belonged to the Porz office in the Duchy of Berg . With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Berg (1806) and the restructuring of the administration based on the French model (1808), Rath and Heumar came to the Mairie Heumar in the canton of Mülheim in the Mülheim arrondissement in the Rhine department . Rath and Heumar had been part of the Kingdom of Prussia since 1815 . Rath came to the city of Cologne with Kalk in 1910. Heumar, on the other hand, formed its own office, which was combined with the Wahn office in 1929 to form the new Porz office and had belonged to the Rheinisch-Bergisches Kreis since 1932 . The twin town of Rath / Heumar has only existed as an official district since the regional reform of North Rhine-Westphalia in 1975 , when the Heumar district of Porz (still recognizable by the name of the disused Porz-Heumar train station ) was merged with the Kalk belonging to Rath with the incorporation of the city ​​of Porz .

Demographic statistics

Structure of the population of Cologne-Rath / Heumar:

  • Proportion of under 18-year-olds: 15.8% (2015)
  • Proportion of over 64-year-olds: 22.7% (2015)
  • Proportion of foreigners: 8.7% (2015)
  • Unemployment rate: 5.2% (2014)

Mining

Along the mouse path and the construction of the federal highway 3 to Hallstatt excavations has Rennöfen found where bog iron was smelted. On the eastern edge of Cologne-Rath / Heumar, mining for lead and zinc ore as well as iron ore was carried out in the Königsforst since the middle of the 19th century . The mines Grube Copernicus , Grube Königsforst and Grube Quirin should be mentioned .

Building and Economy

Two castles, Haus Röttgen in the south and Haus Rath in the north, frame the place with wide green spaces and forests. For more than a thousand years the people lived here from agriculture , cattle breeding and forestry . In addition to the two manors, other large courtyards, around which houses were grouped, shaped the townscape. The Rather Castle, which was destroyed by fire in the 19th century, was a moated castle surrounded by a moat. Only the remains of the moat and the chapel can be seen from Lützerathstrasse. Settlements arose at the Durchhäuser Hof, which was documented as early as 1,000 AD and to which a dozen leaning farms belonged. Others at the Felderhof (today Wikingerstraße), at the Maarhäuser Hof, also opposite Haus Rath and the Strundener Hof on Lützerathstraße in Rösrather Straße and at Marcellenhof at the confluence of Lützerathstraße and Rösrather Straße. Two former Rhine channels on the Niederterrasse - Rheinisch: Maar or Fock - provided the structure of the place, they determined the course of the streets and the location of the groups of houses. Hence the name Fockerweg still testifies. Up until the 1960s, these oxbow lakes of the Rhine occasionally caused flooding. The Rather then fled to the so-called Flohberg, a hill on Rösrather Strasse between Rath and Ostheim. Only since the dikes of Flehbach and Strunder Bach in the Königsforst have there been no more floods in Rath / Heumar.

The Maarhäuser Hof in Heumar

The center of the place was at the confluence of the Eiler in the Rösrather Straße, where the two oxbow lakes once met, where the boundary line between the two places runs. The agricultural economy determined the commercial structure of the place: blacksmiths, saddlers, wheelwright, shoemakers and tailors usually came into the house. After the expansion of the railway line, more and more businesses settled there. The largest employer in 1912 was the perforated sheet metal factory (later Meyer's factory ) in Porzer Strasse with its own siding. Since people were mostly self-sufficient, only a few shopkeepers managed to get by with colonial goods.

In the west of Rath, on the border with Neubrück, there is an approx. 23 hectare dredging hole, which formerly served as a gravel pit . Plans for a water ski facility at the lake met with criticism from the citizens. Although it is forbidden to enter the area, the lake is a popular bathing resort.

Röttgen Castle

The two square kilometer area of ​​Röttgen Castle is characteristic of the Heumar district. Built in the Middle Ages as a knight's seat, a new manor house was built there in 1866, which still exists today. On this site, which is surrounded by an eight kilometer long wall ( Mülhens' wall ), Peter Mülhens founded the Röttgen Stud in 1924 , which has since been one of the most important thoroughbred studs in Germany.

Transport and recreation

Aerial view of the Royal Air Force, 1945

The traffic development began with the expansion of Rösrather Straße in 1857. The south-facing motorway has been cutting the town since 1936, with the Heumarer Dreieck in the west . The tram line 9 (formerly line K) of the Cologne transport company has been running to the final stop in Königsforst since 1904 . As a result of the excursion traffic, u. a. Cafes, restaurants and a hotel. In 1910 the railway line from Kalk to Overath was built, and Heumar was given a station that was closed due to insufficient use. The last scheduled passenger train stopped here on June 1, 1991.

Main road in Rath / Heumar

After 1900 the population increased by leaps and bounds. a. because of the industrialization in the right bank of the Rhine. The economic orientation changed. Settlements arose like the Königsforst settlement, which was built in 1920 (also known as the "gods settlement " - due to the streets named after Germanic deities). The "Schmitzebud" is also at the same height. This snack bar, built in 1898, is the central meeting point for cycling enthusiasts and was involved in a rescue operation in 2008/2009. a. Cycling professional Rolf Wolfshohl also took part, saved from demolition and reopened. Rösrather Strasse is increasingly becoming the center of trade, commerce and gastronomy. The landmark of Rath-Heumar is the "Old Tower", the remainder of the small Romanesque church from 1147, which stands on the local border on a hill at the angle of both maars. Hence the name Heumar ( kölsch: Hömer ), the height on the Maar.

The baroque chapel of the House of Rath on Lützerathstrasse from 1741 is the oldest building in Rath. The name Rath ( kölsch: Rod (with an open o)) can be derived from clearing . Rath / Heumar has been famous and widely known as a place of pilgrimage for centuries. Especially for the patronage festival in September, processions to St. Cornelius. The pilgrims appealed to the saint to intercede with epilepsy and nervous disorders. The largest and most popular fair in the area was in Rath / Heumar. The focus was on booths and carousels, with 4 halls and 9 taverns waiting for the visitors.

Since it was originally two different places, there are two Catholic parishes. The parish church of St.Cornelius in Heumar was built in 1833/34. In 1880/81 and in 1887 it was expanded. The Romanesque tower still bears witness to the old Cornelius Church. The parish church "To the Divine Redeemer" in Rath was built by Fritz Schaller in 1953/55.

See also

literature

  • Johann Bendel , home book of the district of Mülheim am Rhein, history and description, sagas and stories. Cologne-Mülheim 1925

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  2. ↑ Inhabitants according to selected age groups - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  3. ↑ Inhabitants by type of migration background - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  4. ↑ Employed and unemployed part of the city - data source: City of Cologne - offenedaten-koeln.de
  5. ^ Herbert Stahl (editor), Gerhard Geurts , Hans-Dieter Hilden, Herbert Ommer : Das Erbe des Erzes. Volume 3: The pits in the Paffrath Kalkmulde. Bergischer Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg, Bergisch Gladbach 2006, ISBN 3-932326-49-0 , p. 32f. ( Series of publications by the Bergisches Geschichtsverein Rhein-Berg eV 49).
  6. ↑ Herbert Stahl, (editor): Das Erbe des Erzes, Volume 5, New news and stories about the Bensberg ore district , Bergisch Gladbach 2014, ISBN 978-3-00-044826-3 , p. 17 ff.
  7. ^ Susanne Wächter: Rather See in Cologne-Neubrück: Discussion about the future use of the lake. May 9, 2019, accessed on January 6, 2020 (German).

Web links

Commons : Köln-Rath / Heumar  - Collection of images, videos and audio files