Redwitz (noble family, Redwitz an der Rodach)
The von Redwitz family is an old Franconian aristocratic family with their headquarters in Redwitz an der Rodach (today in the district of Lichtenfels in the administrative district of Upper Franconia ). The family was organized in the knight canton of Gebürg .
It is related to the tribe and coat of arms of the families of the Marschalle von Kunstadt or the Marschalle von Ebnet and the Lords of Lichtenfels called Weingarten . The three ministerial families probably founded the Langheim monastery in 1132/33 on behalf of Bishop Otto von Bamberg incognito .
The name Redwitz
The extinct von Redwitz family from today's Marktredwitz must be distinguished from this family .
history
origin
The von Redwitz family came into being between 1250 and 1260 by branching off Erkenberts (Erchinperts) and Irings I von Redwitz from the Kunstadter Marschälken. It is named after the rule of Redwitz an der Rodach with Redwitz Castle . The first castle complex there was built from the middle of the 13th century, the current north wing at the end of the 13th century. After it was destroyed in the Peasants' War , it was rebuilt in 1525, and at the beginning of the 17th century the building was extended to the south. In 1873 Baron Wilhelm Theodor von Redwitz sold the headquarters.
The Upper Franconian castles of Wildenroth , Schmölz and Theisenort , which had been family-owned since the Middle Ages , were also sold in the second half of the 19th century, others in the 17th century. Of the twelve castles that were once owned by the von Redwitz between the Main and the Franconian Forest , only the New Castle in Küps remained in the family's possession with some land, but then fell to the von Herwarth family by inheritance.
The families von Redwitz, von Kunstadt, the Marshals von Kunstadt and the Marshals von Ebnet were from the same tribe and had the same coat of arms. The von Kunstadt family and the von Kunstadt marshals were probably even identical. The eponymous place was today's Burgkunstadt , where they built Wildenroth Castle in 1249 , which then belonged to Redwitz from 1436 to 1877. From 1301 to 1408 they also owned Strössendorf Castle .
The seat of the marshals of Ebnet was Ebneth Castle , today a district of Burgkunstadt . Another branch of the family were the Lords of Lichtenfels, who were closely related to the Lords of Sonneberg . They were wealthy in Weingarten, today a district of Lichtenfels , and probably also sat at Lichtenfels Castle . They were mentioned between 1157 and 1293. The lords of Lichtenfels-Weingarten served as treasurers in the duchy of Saxony-Coburg and also in the Rhineland. Presumably they were registered at the court of the Archbishops of Mainz. All genders were in a ministerial relationship with the dukes of Andechs-Meranien and the diocese of Bamberg .
distribution
The von Redwitz family is a widely branched family that still exists today. There are namesake in the barons and counts. Due to later possessions, there are also lines with additional names, such as Redwitz- Schmölz or Count Marogna-Redwitz (through adoption).
Overview of possessions according to today's administrative districts:
- In Upper Franconia: Redwitz Castle (mid-13th century – 1873), Wildenroth Castle (1249–1877), Tüschnitz Castle (14th century – 1626), Oberlangenstadt Castle (before 1367–1691), Schmölz Castle (14th century – 1861) , Theisenort Castle (14th century – 1862), Middle (Old) Küps Castle (1406–1907), Rear (New) Küps Castle (around 1400–20th centuries), Hassenberg Castle (1429–1694), Nagel Castle (1499 –1691), Upper Küps Palace (before 1540–1886), Hofeck Palace , Weißenbrunn manor , farms in Schönbrunn and Stublang
- In Lower Franconia: Dippach Castle , Upper Rottenbauer Castle (1878–?)
- In Middle Franconia: Gut Bernlohe
- In Thuringia: Gut Lindenberg (? –1704), Mupperg Castle (1671–1691)
- In Upper Bavaria: Gut Giglberg in Hütting and Espenlohe (since 1952)
- In the Czech Republic: Drmoul (formerly Dürrmaul, near Marienbad) (16th / 17th century)
Theisenort Castle in Küps
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Related noble families in the Middle Ages
coat of arms
The coat of arms shows three silver bars in blue, covered by a red diagonal wave bar . A growing red unicorn on the helmet with red-silver helmet covers .
Coat of arms in Scheibler's book of arms
Coat of arms of the von Redwitz family from Siebmacher's coat of arms book
Coat of arms of the Marschall von Ebneth family near Siebmacher
Revocation plaque (1508) of the Teutonic Knight Jörg Marschalk (von Ebneth) in St. Jakob (Nuremberg)
Coat of arms graphic by Otto Hupp in the Munich calendar of 1922
Siebmacher distinguishes the Redwitz coat of arms from that of the marshals of Ebnet by a vertical reflection, but other depictions also show a completely identical coat of arms.
The current municipal coat of arms of Redwitz an der Rodach is a reminder of three families who were important for the Redwitz reign and, due to their common origin, had the same coat of arms: in addition to the von Redwitz family, the marshals von Kunstadt and the von Kunstadt family. The coats of arms of the former communities Johannisthal, Neuses , Theisenort, Unterrodach and Wötzelsdorf as well as the coats of arms of Marktrodach , Oberaurach and Schneckenlohe also remind of the family.
- Relation to the coat of arms
- Relation to the unicorn crest
Personalities
Redwitz
- Nikolaus von Redwitz, military leader in the German Order of Knights (1st half of the 15th century.)
- Erhard von Redwitz, Auxiliary Bishop of Mainz (1494–1502)
- Weigand von Redwitz († 1556), Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (1522–1556), grave monument in Michelsberg Monastery
- Katharina II. Von Redwitz († 1560), abbess of the Obermünster monastery in Regensburg (1533–1536)
- Theresia von Redwitz, mother of Adalbert von Harstall
- Ludwig von Redwitz (1779–1848), Bavarian nobleman and civil servant
- Oskar von Redwitz (1823-1891), writer
- Friedrich Freiherr von Redwitz (1845–1918), privateer and company owner in Maineck
- Marie von Redwitz (1856–1933), lady-in-waiting and writer
- Max von Redwitz (1858–1920), Bavarian general and court official
- Erich von Redwitz (1883–1964), German surgeon and university professor
- Rudolf Graf von Marogna-Redwitz (1886–1944), resistance fighter of July 20, 1944 .
- Eugen Freiherr von Redwitz , member of the Bavarian State Parliament for the CSU (1980–1998)
Marshal of Ebnet
- Georg II Marshal von Ebnet († 1505), Prince-Bishop of Bamberg (1503–1505)
literature
- Constantin von Wurzbach : Redwitz, the family . In: Biographisches Lexikon des Kaiserthums Oesterreich . 25th part. Imperial and Royal Court and State Printing Office, Vienna 1873, p. 128 f. ( Digitized version ).
Web links
- History of the Redwitz community
- Coat of arms of the "Redwitz" in Nikolaus Bertschi's book of arms, especially of German families, Augsburg 1515
- Redwitz coat of arms in the Book of Arms of the Holy Roman Empire , Nuremberg around 1554–1568
- Günter Dippold - On noble life and noble rule in Redwitz (PDF file; 1.9 MB)
Individual evidence
- ↑ Fetzer, Rudi (2009) - Borkuschter Mosaik - a somewhat different city history , p. 354
- ^ Tilmann Breuer : Bavarian art monuments - Lichtenfels district . Munich 1962. p. 114.
- ↑ http://fraenkische-wappenrolle.kleeberg.biz/e/e008.html