Retropharyngeal lymph nodes

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Human deep cervical lymph nodes, retropharyngeal lymph nodes referred to here as retropharyngeal glands .

The retropharyngeal lymph nodes ( Lymphonodi [Lnn.] Or Nodi lymphoidei [Nll.] Retropharyngeales ) are a group of lymph nodes on the posterior wall of the pharynx in front of the first cervical vertebra . The catchment area (tributary area) are the oral cavity including the tongue , the nasal cavity and the pharynx. The lymph drainage occurs through the deep cervical lymph nodes ("internal jugularis chain").

In animal anatomy, the lymph nodes are grouped together to form a lymph center, the Lymphocentrum retropharyngeum . It is divided into two groups of lymph nodes:

  • The Lymphonodi retropharyngei laterales ("lateral pharyngeal lymph nodes ") are located below the wing of the first cervical vertebra in the retromandibular fossa and are completely or partially covered by the parotid gland . In the horse, they lie on the lateral air sac bay . In dogs, they are often not trained.
  • The Lymphonodi retropharyngei mediales ("central pharyngeal lymph nodes ") are located on the back wall of the pharynx, to the side of the longus capitis muscle , and in horses on the wall of the medial air sac. The enlargement of the lymph nodes can cause difficulty swallowing.

The Lymphocentrum retropharyngeum serves as a transit station for the lymph from the other head lymph nodes and also collects the lymph from the deep structures of the head and the neck muscles near the head. From this Lymphzentrum the lymph flows either directly into the trunk trachealis in horses on the front deep cervical lymph nodes indirectly into the trunk trachealis or pigs a separate Lymphstamm in the superficial cervical, prescapular .

In diagnostics, the retropharyngeal lymph nodes play a role in the detection of chronic wasting disease , as the infectious prions accumulate here at an early stage of the disease and can be detected by means of a biopsy .

literature

  • Detlev Drenckhahn (Ed.): Anatomy, macroscopic anatomy, embryology and human histology . Elsevier, Urban & Fischer Verlag, 16th ed. 2004, pp. 176–177.
  • Uwe Gille: Cardiovascular and immune system, Angiologia . In: F.-V. Salomon et al. (Ed.): Anatomy for veterinary medicine . Enke-Verlag Stuttgart, 2nd edition 2008, pp. 404–463. ISBN 978-3-8304-1075-1