Ring stand

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Concrete gun emplacement "Tobruk" near Landéda, France

Ring stands , also colloquially ' Tobruk ', are increasingly field-like standard structures that were constructed by the Germans during the Second World War. They were erected in large numbers mainly on the Atlantic Wall , the West Wall and on the fortress front Oder-Warthe-Bogen . Different types were designed to accommodate machine guns, grenade launchers, gun turrets and smaller artillery pieces. All ring stands have a 360 ° field of fire in common, which distinguishes them from loop stands.

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construction

Ring stands have a small combat area that is open at the top and can be reached by a few steps from a sheltered area that serves as a storage area for ammunition and a lounge for the crew. As a rule, the top of the bunker was finally installed with the terrain. Since the entrance was on the side of the bunker, access was only possible via trenches and embankments. For machine guns , round turntables were attached to the edge of the opening and a round rail for grenade launchers . For use with grenade launchers on Vf58-c, the positions were built in with cylindrical concrete bases for the base of the launchers. As a rule, the ring stands had no grilles or doors, so they were not gas-tight and the crew was exposed to the weather.

Types

  • VF 8 for light infantry weapons or observers
  • Type 58-c (Regelbau 201) for light infantry weapons or observers
  • Type 58-d (Regelbau 201) for light infantry weapons or observers
  • Ic 116 "Heavy Tobruk" for MG
  • Type 59-a for six men with a ring stand
  • Type 61-a for fixed 5 cm grenade launcher 210 in all-round fire mount 950 S 6
  • Type 64-d for medium flamethrowers or MG
  • Type 65-a for 5 cm Kwk. L / 42 or 5 cm Kwk. 39 L / 60 in easy Sk.L.
  • Type 66 for 5 cm Kwk. with shelter
  • Type 67 for F.Pz.DT
  • Type 68 for 3.7 cm anti-tank launchers
  • Type 69 for 8 cm s.Gr.W. 34 and a light machine gun or observer
  • Design 70 for 2 cm Flak 38 in armored rotating hood 857 P 7
  • Type 71 for 15.2 cm cannon H. 433 on rotary bedding
  • Design 72 for 10.5 cm cannon 331 on rotary bed
  • Type 73 for 10.5 cm cannon 332 in medium size L. IV
  • Design 74 for 10.5 cm cannon 332 on rotary bed
  • Design 75 for light communication devices 60/50 and 80/80
  • Type 76 for speakerphone 250/130
  • Type 77 for MG 34 or 42 in MG rotating hood 4007 or 4010
  • Type 79 for 12 cm s.Gr.W. 42/2
  • Type 80 for 2 cm Flak 30 or 38
  • Design 81 for 10.5 cm K 338 on ring bedding
  • Type 83 for 7.5 cm Flak 264 or 266
  • Type 84 for 8.8 cm Pak 43

  • A standard building 58-c on the east wall

  • Mostly exposed standard building 58-c in Latvia

  • Shed / entrance area

  • View from the shelter area

  • Staircase to the fighting room

  • View from below into the fighting compartment, the machine-gun slewing ring is removed

  • View from above into the combat area, the machine-gun slewing ring is removed

Areas of application of the ring stands

Ring stands were integrated into the respective defense concepts in various ways. It was used very often on flanks and in gaps between the defense systems of the Atlantic Wall and the West Wall (see for example Maas-Rur position )

They were built on the Oder-Warthe-Bogen fortress front as supplementary close-up defense systems for large-scale combat systems. Furthermore, round stands were built into other standard buildings as a measure to increase combat value . The submarine bunkers of the German Navy were also equipped with ring stands in their vicinity or on the bunker itself.

literature

  • Sonja Wetzig: Close defense weapons at the Westwall-Atlantic Wall a. a. Podzun-Pallas-Verlag, Wölfersheim-Berstadt 1998, ISBN 3-7909-0630-1 , ( Waffen-Arsenal 173).
  • Kurt Grasser: German field-like systems in reinforced concrete, combat and protection systems from the east wall, west wall, Atlantic wall. Self-published, Nuremberg 2007.

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ List of the ring stands ( Memento of the original from August 28, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.luftschutzbunker-forum.com

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