Rubidium chloride

Crystal structure
__ Rb +      __ Cl -
Crystal system	cubic
Space group	Fm 3 m (No. 225)
Coordination numbers	Rb [6], Cl [6]
General
Surname	Rubidium chloride
Ratio formula	RbCl
Brief description	colorless and odorless solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 7791-11-9 EC number 232-240-9 ECHA InfoCard 100.029.310 PubChem 62683 ChemSpider 56434 Wikidata Q418909
properties
Molar mass	120.92 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	2.76 g cm −3
Melting point	715 ° C
boiling point	1390 ° C
solubility	good in water (910 g l −1 at 20 ° C)
Refractive index	1.493
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances no GHS pictograms H and P phrases H: no H-phrases P: no P-phrases
Toxicological data	4440 mg kg −1 ( LD 50 ,  rat ,  oral )
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

Rubidium chloride is a white, crystalline compound made up of the elements rubidium and chlorine with the formula RbCl. It is also commercially available as a fine powder. Rubidium chloride crystallizes in the cubic sodium chloride structure type .

Extraction and presentation

Rubidium chloride can be obtained by neutralizing aqueous rubidium hydroxide solution with hydrochloric acid :

${\displaystyle \mathrm {RbOH_{(aq)}+HCl_{(aq)}\longrightarrow RbCl_{(aq)}+H_{2}O} }$

properties

Solubility diagram of rubidium chloride in water

Solubility of RbCl in various alcohols (given in g / l at 25 ° C)
Methanol	14.1
Ethanol	0.78
n-propanol	0.15
Amyl alcohol	0.025

Rubidium chloride is hygroscopic . The melting point is 718 ° C. The water solubility increases with increasing temperature. The refractive index of the crystals is n _D  = 1.4936, the lattice parameter a = 658.1 pm, there are four formula units in the unit cell .

The solubility in acetone is 0.0021 g / kg at 18 ° C and 0.0024 g / kg at 37 ° C. The solubility in various alcohols is given in the table.

The standard enthalpy of formation of rubidium chloride is Δ _f H ⁰ ₂₉₈  = −430.86 kJ mol ⁻¹ , the standard free enthalpy of formation ΔG ⁰ ₂₉₈  = −405.3 kJ mol ⁻¹ .

Rubidium chloride forms well-crystallizing double salts with various metal chlorides .

use

Rubidium halides such as rubidium chloride, rubidium bromide and rubidium iodide are used therapeutically as pain relievers and sedatives as well as antidepressants . ⁸² Rb rubidium chloride is used as a tracer for myocardial scintigraphy .

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b c d e f g h} data sheet rubidium chloride (PDF) from Merck , accessed on January 19, 2011.
2. ↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Index of Refraction of Inorganic Crystals, pp. 10-247.
3. ^ ^{A b} R. Abegg, F. Auerbach, I. Koppel: "Handbuch der inorganic Chemie", Verlag S. Hirzel, 1908, 2nd volume, 1st part, p. 426ff. Full text
4. ↑ ^{a b} Aterton Seidell: "Solubilities Of Organic Compounds Vol - I", S. 1429. Full text
5. ^ Jean D'Ans, Ellen Lax: Pocket book for chemists and physicists. 3. Elements, inorganic compounds and materials, minerals, Volume 3. 4. Edition, Springer, 1997, ISBN 978-3-5406-0035-0 , p. 686 ( limited preview in the Google book search).
6. ^ ^{A b} R. E. Dickerson, HB Gray, H.-W. Sighting, MY Darensbourg: "Principles of Chemistry", Verlag Walter de Gruyter 1988, ISBN 9783110099690 , p. 976. ( limited preview in Google book search)
7. ^ R. Godeffroy: "Some new salts and reactions of cesium and rubidium" in reports of the German chemical society 1875 , 8 (1), pp. 9-11. doi : 10.1002 / cber.18750080104 full text
8. ^ H. Erdmann: Textbook of inorganic chemistry , p. 300, 1900, Verlag F. Vieweg and son
9. ↑ Manfred Georg Krukemeyer, Wolfgang Wagner: Radiation Medicine: A Guide for the Practitioner. Walter de Gruyter, 2004, ISBN 3-11-018090-1 , p. 133; limited preview in Google Book search.