Slubice

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Slubice
Słubice coat of arms
Słubice (Poland)
Slubice
Slubice
Basic data
State : Poland
Voivodeship : Lebus
Powiat : Slubice
Area : 19.20  km²
Geographic location : 52 ° 21 '  N , 14 ° 34'  E Coordinates: 52 ° 21 '0 "  N , 14 ° 34' 0"  E
Height : 41 m npm
Residents : 16,705
(30 Jun. 2019)
Postal code : 69-100 to 69-103
Telephone code : (+48) 95
License plate : FSL
Economy and Transport
Street : Słubice - Zielona Góra
Rail route : Berlin – Warsaw
Next international airport : Poznan-Ławica
Berlin Schoenefeld
Gmina
Gminatype: Urban and rural municipality
Gmina structure: 11 school offices
Surface: 185.00 km²
Residents: 20,061
(Jun. 30, 2019)
Population density : 108 inhabitants / km²
Community number  ( GUS ): 0805053
Administration (as of 2019)
Mayor : Mariusz Olejniczak
Address: ul.Aademicka 1
69-100 Słubice
Website : www.slubice.pl



Słubice, Poland, aerial photo (2015)
View from Germany from the Oderbrücke
Słubice seen from the Oderturm Frankfurt
View from the island of Ziegenwerder in Frankfurt over the Oder to Słubice
Train station

Słubice [ swuˈbiʦɛ ] is a city on the Oder in the far west of Poland with 16,986 inhabitants. Until 1945 what is now the city area was a suburb of Frankfurt (Oder) as Dammvorstadt or garden city . Today the most important border crossings between Germany and Poland are located in and near Słubice - the so-called city ​​bridge over the Oder and immediately south of Słubice the motorway bridge of the federal motorway 12 / Autostrada A2 and the border station at Kunowice . Słubice is the location of the Polish-German science center Collegium Polonicum .

Surname

More than 750 years ago there was a Slavic settlement on the eastern bank of the Oder called Zliwice (German Zliwitz ). The current place name Słubice is probably derived from this older Slavic name.

history

Until 1945, today's Słubice belonged to the city of Frankfurt (Oder) as a dam suburb . The separation began with the end of the Second World War and the associated occupation of the city by the Red Army . On April 19, 1945 at 5:29 am, the city bridge was blown up by the withdrawing German troops. This also cut the telephone, gas and water lines to the Dammvorstadt. The 129th Rifle Division of the Soviet 33rd Army was able to occupy the Dammvorstadt without a fight after the withdrawal of the Wehrmacht .

According to Poland's wishes, the whole of Frankfurt was to become Polish, as division of the city was considered nonsensical. Therefore, Słubice was initially regarded by the Polish administration as the Polish name for the entire city of Frankfurt. 17 administrative employees, 5 craftsmen and 28 armed police officers reached the village on May 2, 1945 and were supposed to set up a Polish administration. The building in Friedrichstr. 10 (later ul. Armii Czerwonej , from 1950 ul. Jedności Robotniczej 12 ).

On May 4th, the Soviet Army built a temporary bridge from Lebuser Mauerstrasse to Prinzenufer. The first German civilians returned to Dammvorstadt on May 8th. On May 15, 1945, a Polish certificate with the stamp "Słubice" was issued for the first time, but there is also a Polish registration certificate from the same day, which shows the place name "Frankfurt". On May 20th, the inn "Goldener Löwe", which was the oldest building in Dammvorstadt, burned down. The building from 1601 was on the site of today's Collegium Polonicum . The first town hall of the newly established town of Słubice was established on May 28, 1945 at 5 New Market Street (today 5 Wolności ).

According to a Polish report on June 15, 8,000 Germans and only 80 Poles lived “in the Słubice area”, although it is unclear which area was meant (all of Frankfurt or just the districts east of the Oder). Henryk Jastrzębski, who had been in office as the Starost since May 24th, ordered the expulsion of Germans from the Dammvorstadt until 15/16. To complete June. A total of 3,640 Germans were expelled. According to official information, five Germans and seven Jews stayed behind, but the actual number is probably higher.

From June 30th, Słubice, the former Dammvorstadt, was supplied with electricity again, which was made possible by a newly laid cable. In July, extensive dismantling was carried out by the Soviet troops in Słubice's factories. On August 2, 1945, the division of the city into a German Frankfurt on the left and a Polish Słubice on the right of the Oder was officially sealed by the Potsdam Conference . From August 28th, a water pipe over the Oder enabled the water supply to Słubices. On October 10, the streets and squares of Słubices were given Polish names instead of the previous German names (which, however, were changed several times and in some cases several times in the following years). On October 12, the school year began for 120 Polish pupils from Słubice. The Polish Józef Mager became the school director.

At the end of 1945 there were 685 people living in Słubice, most of whom were military. On March 13, 1946, the Soviet combat units left the city. The first new residential building, which was built after the Second World War, offered space for 58 families and was built on pl. Wolności (translated "Freedom Square", the former German name was Neuer Markt ). In the 1970s, prefabricated buildings were mainly built, and the suburban settlements Słowiańskie and Paderewskiego emerged . Since 1999 the city has belonged to the Lubusz Voivodeship . In 2002, construction began on a train station in Słubice, which was put into operation in 2003.

Many German day-trippers visit the city's so-called “bazaar” and ul. Jedności Robotniczej, which is colloquially known as “cigarette street” . On the night of 10./11. In January 2007 the bazaar burned down completely without any personal injury. The Polish fire brigade was supported by German colleagues in fighting the fire . It was decided immediately to rebuild the market. In 2011 a new building for the bazaar was opened, previously makeshift tents had been used.

traffic

Słubice is located on the A2 motorway from the direction of Poznan , Łódź and Warsaw , which at the border crossing becomes the federal motorway A12 in the direction of the Berliner Ring . Extensive construction work took place on the motorway in preparation for the European Football Championship in 2012 . In addition, the national roads DK 29 and DK 31 end in the city . Słubice only had its own train station for a few years when a stop was opened on the Frankfurt (Oder) - Poznań railway line. However, with only three regional train stops of the Przewozy Regionalne per day and direction , its importance is still rather low. From the bus station (Dworzec Autobusowy) at ul. Wojska Polskiego, there are bus connections from Transhand to Rzepin and Küstrin and from the PKS Zielona Góra to Krosno .

Inner-city public transport has only been available in the city since 2012. Until the Second World War, the then Dammvorstadt was connected to the Frankfurt (Oder) tram network. Line 2 ran from the city bridge along the Oder dike (today ul. 1 Maja) to the stadium on the Kleisthöhen. Then there was the bus line B, which opened up the northern part of the Dammvorstadt.

Since December 9, 2012, the 983 bus has been running every hour or half-hour from Frankfurt train station via Aleja Niepodległości and Plac Bohaterów to the new bus station on Akademicka Street. This is operated by the Stadtverkehrsgesellschaft Frankfurt (Oder) in the tariff of the VBB . The free ride for disabled is also recognized in this bus on the other bank of the Oder. Since its introduction, this connection has developed into one of the bus routes with the highest demand in Frankfurt city transport.

Based on the success of the 983 line, a separate city bus service with currently five lines was set up in March 2013. In detail these are: (as of August 2018):

  • Line 1/2: Osiedle Grzybowe - KSSSE Kohl - Kunowice (via Bazar)
  • Line 4: Chopina - Osiedle Grzybowe
  • Line 5: Osiedle Grzybowe - Chopina (via Bazar and Rzepińska)
  • Line 6: Chopina - Osiedle Grzybowe (via Kunowice, Rzepińska and Bazar)

The bus operator is the local company Transhand . There is no fixed frequency and a single journey costs two zlotys.

The discussion about a connection from Słubice to the Frankfurt (Oder) tram has not yet been finally concluded.

In December 2014, the managing director of the Frankfurt (Oder) public transport company continued to express his positive opinion about the extension of the tram to Słubice. In any case, the project should remain a medium-term goal, as the number of passengers on the existing 983 bus line has increased by several percent every year and bus traffic will always be overcrowded, especially on the weekends.

Personalities

mayor

  • Henryk Jastrzębski (May 24, 1945 - July 31, 1945)
  • Władysław Pawlak (August 1, 1945 - August 31, 1945)
  • Józef Mager (September 1, 1945 - May 26, 1946)
  • Stanisław Twardowski (May 27, 1946 - June 1948)
  • Stanisław Selzer (Sokulski) (June 1948 - June 1950)
  • Romuald Kaznocha (November 1, 1973 - May 31, 1975)
  • Józef Szmańda (July 9, 1975 - March 15, 1976)
  • Wojciech Szczęsny (March 16, 1976 - October 13, 1985)
  • Juliusz Żwirek (October 14, 1985 - June 18, 1990)
  • Józef Rapcewicz (June 19, 1990 - March 26, 1991)
  • Ryszard Bodziacki (March 26, 1991–1998)
  • Stanisław Ciecierski (1998-2002)
  • Ryszard Bodziacki (2002 - December 13, 2010)
  • Tomasz Ciszewicz (since December 13, 2010)

Honorary citizen

Twin cities

Culture and sights

Monuments

Heroes Monument
Unveiling of the Wikipedia monument

The first stumbling block in memory of Karl Gustav Wilhelm Ritter has been a reminder of those persecuted by National Socialism since November 11, 2009 .

The memorial created in 1949 on Heldenplatz (formerly: Neuer Markt ) commemorates fallen Soviet soldiers.

On October 22nd, 2014, a monument for Wikipedia was unveiled in Słubice , the bronze-look plastic sculpture was created by the sculptor Mihran Hakobyan .

Buildings

Piast cinema

The Piast cinema was opened on January 15, 1925 as "Film-Palast Friedrichstrasse" with the silent film Carlos and Elisabeth based on Schiller's Don Karlos in what was then Friedrichstrasse 8 . The cinema, which also had a small stage for dance and theatrical performances, was built according to plans by the Charlottenburg architect August Rebiger and at the time offered space for around 500 to 525 people. Five years later, the cinema was closed and the Elyseum restaurant opened in the building. After renovations and modernizations, it reopened on December 3, 1937 with the film Patriots . After the Second World War and the formation of Słubice, the cinema was nationalized. The cinema building, now located at ul. Jedności Robotniczej 10 , was closed in March 2005 after the building's former ticket hall had previously been used as a flower and vegetable shop in addition to the cinema. In the meantime, only the front area of ​​the cinema is left, the entire rear area (cinema and administration) has been demolished. The Jewish cemetery is also historically important .

SMOK

The municipal cultural center SMOK (Słubicki Miejski Ośrodek Kultury), which is also popular with students with its small gallery and numerous events, organizes the TransVOCALE, the international festival for song and world music, together with Frankfurt (Oder).

local community

The urban and rural community Słubice ( Gmina miejsko-wiejska ) covers an area of ​​185 km² with around 20,000 inhabitants. These include the following localities:

  • Czarne Zdroje ( At the Spring )
  • Drzecin ( Trettin )
  • Golice ( Gohlitz )
  • Kunice ( Kunitz )
  • Kunowice ( Kunersdorf ), the battle of Kunersdorf took place here on August 12, 1759 .
  • Łazy Kunickie ( Kunitzer Loose )
  • Łazy Lubuskie ( Lebuser Loose )
  • Lisów ( Leissow )
  • Luboniec ( Thieleshof )
  • Nowe Biskupice ( New Bischofsee )
  • Nowy Lubusz ( New Lebus )
  • Omącznik ( Great Mill )
  • Pławidło ( Tirpitz )
  • Płociska ( basic sheep farm )
  • Rosiejewo ( powder jar )
  • Rybocice ( Reipzig )
  • Rzeczny Młyn ( riddle mill )
  • Słubice ( Frankfurt (Oder) -Dammvorstadt )
  • Stare Biskupice ( Old Bischofsee )
  • Śniatówko ( Small Mill / Marienheim )
  • Świecko ( Schwetig )
  • Trzeszczewo ( Musewalds expansion )
  • Wrzoskały ( Forsthaus suspension bush )
  • Wszeborowo ( green table )
  • Zamątek ( baker's mill )

literature

Ulica Jedności Robotniczej ( Workers Unit Street )
  • Monika Kilian, Ulrich Knefelkamp (eds.): Frankfurt Oder Słubice. Seven walks through the city's history . Scrîpvaz, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-931278-06-9 .
  • Eckhard Reiss: The end of Frankfurt's Dammvorstadt and the emergence of Słubice. In: Historischer Verein zu Frankfurt (Oder) e. V. - Notifications. Issue 2, 2003, pp. 26-40.
  • Slubice. Historia - topografia - rozwój. History - Topography - Development Edited by Collegium Polonicum, “European Cultural Heritage” course. Scrîpvaz, Słubice et al. 2003, ISBN 3-931278-22-0 (German and Polish).
  • Walter Hausdorf and Siegrid Noack: Słubice (Frankfurter Dammvorstadt) - streets, paths and squares in their historical development. In: Frankfurter Jahrbuch. 2005, ISBN 3-933416-61-2 , pp. 95–191, (Polish and German).
  • Paul Zalewski: From "divided cities" to "twin cities". Frankfurt (Oder) and Słubice as a communal laboratory . In: Blickwechsel. Journal for German Culture and History in Eastern Europe 3/2015, pp. 12–13.

Web links

Commons : Słubice  - album with pictures, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
  2. ^ Website of Gmina Słubice, Sołectwa , accessed on July 14, 2014.
  3. ^ Introduction to the Viadrina Museum, Słubice. ( Memento of the original from July 14, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.museum-viadrina.de
  4. ↑ a b Eckhard Reiss: The end of the Frankfurt Dammvorstadt and the emergence of Słubice. 2003.
  5. ^ A b Walter Hausdorf, Siegrid Noack: Słubice (Frankfurter Dammvorstadt) - streets, paths and squares in their historical development. 2005, p. 97.
  6. ↑ A walk in the mirror of time. In: Märkische Oderzeitung. February 21, 2011.
  7. ↑ Slubice wants to rebuild his bazaar. In: Welt Online. February 15, 2007.
  8. ↑ Shopping in Poland: Bazaar in Slubice reopened. October 21, 2011.
  9. ↑ https://www.oepnv-info.de/freifahrt/informationen/brandenburg/tarife-und-besonderheiten-brandenburg/buslinie-983-frankfurt-oder-slubice-polen
  10. ↑ PTH Transhand Sp. Z oo (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on March 29, 2017 ; Retrieved March 28, 2017 (Polish). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / transhand.pl
  11. ↑ Article from the Märkische online newspaper of December 9, 2014: Lack of space on the border bus.
  12. ↑ First Slubice stumbling block for Karl Ritter
  13. ^ Heroes' Square in Słubice
  14. ↑ Honor for the online lexicon: Wikipedia gets a memorial
  15. ↑ Frankfurter Oderzeitung. January 11, 1925.
  16. ↑ Märkische Oderzeitung / Frankfurter Stadtbote. 24./25. May 2006, p. 17.