Sattar Khan
Sattar Khan or Sattar Chan (* 1868 in Tabriz ; † November 16, 1914 in Tehran ; Persian ستار خان) was an Iranian revolutionary and freedom fighter from Azerbaijan Province . He was one of the most important figures in the Constitutional Revolution of Iran.
Life
Sattar was born in Qaradag near Tabriz in 1868 . His father Haj Hasan Bazzaz Qaradghi had two wives and three sons. Sattar's eldest brother was executed as a highwayman when Sattar was a child.
Sattar never went to school. When he was 17, Sattar first came into conflict with the law and was arrested. After two years in prison, he and another inmate managed to break out of prison. Together with friends, Sattar, who had also worked as a butcher and horse dealer, initially earned his living with small robberies and highway robberies, but then became a member of the gendarmerie and rifleman (tofangar) under Crown Prince Mozaffar, later Mozaffar ad-Din Shah . As a member of the gendarmerie, he received the title of Khan .
In the summer of 1907, Sattar Khan and Bagher Khan reported to the police that was newly established as part of the Constitutional Revolution. He also became a member of the Andschoman-e Haqiqat. Together with Bagher Khan, Sattar Khan led the Azerbaijani freedom fighters ( moschahedin ) against the absolutist rule of Mohammed Ali Shah from the Qajar dynasty , who had dissolved parliament and suspended the constitution. The troops of Mohammed Ali Shah besieged Tabriz from June 1908, but could not take the city thanks to the resistance organized by Sattar Khan. The siege was brought to an end after eleven months with the intervention of Russian forces invading northern Iran. Sattar Khan first fled to the consulate of the Ottoman Empire , but then went to Tehran with his fighters after the overthrow of Mohammad Ali Shah in July 1909 by freedom fighters from the north and south of Iran to celebrate the victory of the Constitutional Revolution. At the invitation of Parliament, Sattar Khan went from Tabriz to Tehran with 300 fighters. When he marched into Tehran on April 3, 1910, he was celebrated by the population as the savior of the fatherland. For his military support of the constitutional movement, he was awarded the honorary title Sardar-e Melli (General of the Nation) by Parliament .
After the victory of the constitutional movement, Sattar Khan and his followers were supposed to surrender their weapons. This led to clashes with other leaders of the constitutional movement, especially with Yeprem Khan , the police chief of Tehran , and with the Bakhtiar Sardar Asad . For his stay in Tehran, Sattar Khan was assigned the palace of Ali Asghar Khan Atabak , a former prime minister of Naser al-Din Shah . In early August 1910, the Sattar Khan government asked to disarm his fighters and hand over their weapons to government troops. An accidentally fired shot as part of the weapons handover on August 7, 1910 led to an uncontrolled exchange of fire in Attabak Park with the Tehran police. In that argument, Sattar Khan was wounded in the knee.
Sattar Khan stayed in Tehran until his death on November 16, 1914. Thousands of Tehrans attended his funeral.
See also
literature
- Anja Pistor-Hatam : The Iranian Constitutional Revolution as lieu (x) de mémoire: Sattar Khan. In: Iran's Constitutional Revolution. Edited by HE Chehabi, Vanessa Marint. IB Tauris, London 2010, pp. 33-44. ISBN 978-1-84885-415-4
- Iranchamber
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ Peter Lamborn Wilson , Karl Schlamminger: Weaver of Tales. Persian Picture Rugs / Persian tapestries. Linked myths. Callwey, Munich 1980, ISBN 3-7667-0532-6 , p. 136 f.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Khan, Sattar |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Sardar-e-Melli |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Iranian-Azerbaijani folk hero |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1868 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Tabriz , Iran |
| DATE OF DEATH | November 16, 1914 |
| Place of death | Tehran |