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Schie is the name of four waterways in the area around the Nederlandse Overschie . These are the Delfthavense Schie , the Delftse Schie , the Rotterdamse Schie and the Schiedamse Schie . All of these names arose from the medieval disputes over the customs rights of the cities of Rotterdam , Delft and Schiedam .
origin
Originally the Schie was a small, swampy body of water that flowed into the former Merwede (now Nieuwe Maas ) at today's Overschie . In Delf , a place founded on this river , the watercourse was called the Schie. From this it can be concluded that it was partly artificial. Probably these works were held in Roman times, and the nearby canal was dug by Corbulo. Archaeological excavations suggest that the continuation of the Schie north of Delft, the Delftse Vliet , partly coincides with the historic canal.
middle Ages
Around 1150 the Schielands Hoge Zeedijk was laid out along the Merwede . Due to the poldering , the mouth of the Schie pushed south. The river was dammed at the mouth and the village that was created there was named Schiedam. In the course of time, Schiedam became an important city, as it had the customs rights for shipping across the Schie to Delft and beyond.
In 1280 the Poldervaart was created for the drainage of the eastern municipalities of the water board (Hoogheemradschap) Delfland . This was the direct connection to the former Merwede around Schiedam.
Political rivalries between various feudal lords and the rival cities of Delft, Rotterdam and Schiedam led to the fact that a canal was built between Overschie and Rotterdam in 1343. This broke the power of Schiedam over shipping. At Overschie, the Schie is now divided into the Rotterdamse Schie and the original Schiedamse Schie.
In 1389, the city of Delft received permission for its own canal to the Merwede from Duke Albrecht I (Bavaria) , Count of Holland and Zeeland . The Delf was widened for the first part of the canal. From then on, the water was called Delftse Schie more and more often. The second part of the canal was laid between Overschie and the Merwede, and Delft got its own port at its mouth: Delfshaven . The watercourse was called Delfhavense Schie.
present
Since 1893 the Delftse Schie has been part of an even larger project, the Rhein-Schie Canal , which runs as far as Leiden and to which the Vliet also belongs in part. Since the schie is a few meters higher than the pastureland, the entire canal ran empty in 1903 when a dike broke near Kandelaar.
There is not much left of the Rotterdamse Schie, after the bombing of Rotterdam in 1940 and 1942 it was filled with rubble.