Schola Cantorum (Papal Court)
| Schola Cantorum | |
|---|---|
| Seat: | Vatican |
| Carrier: | St. Peter's Basilica |
| Founding: | around 600 |
| Genus: | Male choir |
| Founder: | Pope Gregory the Great ? |
The Schola cantorum (Latin for "singers' school") was a professional choir of men and boys at the papal court at the time of the Middle Ages .
Since the 4th / 5th In the 19th century there were probably places where church singers were trained. A legendary tradition from the 8./9. Century after the Schola cantorum is said to have been founded during the tenure of Pope Gregory the Great († 604). However, reliable evidence for the existence of the Schola does not date until the late 7th century. The initial seven singers of the Schola Cantorum - from which several Popes themselves emerged - played an important role in the singing instruction in the context of the introduction of the Roman liturgy and the development of a repertoire of liturgical chants. Therefore, they were also called abroad, for example to England, Ireland or Franconia. Through them, Roman chants also reached the Carolingian court of Charlemagne , where Gregorian chant developed further. Since the 8th century, similar groups in other places in the Franconian Empire have also been referred to as Schola cantorum .
After the papal seat was moved to Avignon in 1305, the Schola Cantorum lost its importance. Today the Schola operates under the name Cappella Musicale Pontificia Sistina ( Papal Choir of the Sistine Chapel ).
Several conservatories took up this name again in modern times; the most famous examples are the Schola Cantorum Basiliensis in Basel and the Schola Cantorum in Paris .
See also
literature
- Guido Adler (Ed.): Handbuch der Musikgeschichte , dtv, Munich 1975 (reprint of the first edition from 1930).
- Carl Dahlhaus, Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht (Ed.): Brockhaus Riemann Musiklexikon , Schott, Mainz 1979
- Joseph Dyer: Schola Cantorum. In: Ludwig Finscher (Hrsg.): The music in past and present . Second edition, material part, volume 8 (flute suite). Bärenreiter / Metzler, Kassel et al. 1998, ISBN 3-7618-1109-8 ( online edition , subscription required for full access)
- Andreas Pfisterer: Schoala cantorum. II. Music . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 9 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2000, Sp. 198 .
Individual evidence
- ^ Stefan Klöckner : Early Christian Music. 4. Further developments . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 4 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1995, Sp. 199 .
- ^ Andreas Pfisterer: Schola cantorum. II. Music . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 9 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 2000, Sp. 198 .