Schrätzer
| Schrätzer | ||||||||||||
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Schrätzer ( Gymnocephalus schraetser ) |
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Gymnocephalus schraetser | ||||||||||||
| ( Linnaeus , 1758) |
The Schrätzer ( Gymnocephalus schraetser , also called Schratz) is a freshwater fish species from the family of the real perch (Percidae).
features
The Schrätzer has a brass-yellow, elongated body, the head and back show a greenish tone. Another characteristic of the Schrätzer are its small comb scales . Its mouth is below, its gill covers are pointed and each covered with a spike. The body is covered with three to four narrow, interrupted dark longitudinal stripes. The caudal fin is slightly forked and has dark rows of dots. It has two connected dorsal fins , with the first fin beginning in front of the pelvic fin attachment. Schrätzer are usually 15 to 25 cm long, a maximum of 30 cm. The weight is up to 250 grams.
distribution and habitat
Schrätzer occur exclusively in the Danube and some of its tributaries . The Schrätzer lives on the bottom of larger flowing waters in sandy-gravelly areas. Due to the strong currents and the great depth of the water in these areas, it is very difficult to precisely record the stocks.
Reproduction
The Schrätzer belongs to the spring spawners , its spawning season extends from April to May. To spawn, he seeks out deep gravel banks that are flooded with water. The fish stick the sticky spawn in spawning cords to sunken branches and stones. The Milchner (male fish) attracts attention during the spawning season with its shiny and contrasting body. The increased sedimentation of suspended matter has been shown to impair the reproduction of the Schrätzer.
Way of life
Schrätzer live in smaller groups in deep areas of the water and move to shallower areas in the dark . They feed on small animals such as insect larvae , small crustaceans , molluscs or fish spawn .
status
The Schrätzer is listed in Appendices II and V of the Fauna-Flora-Habitat Directive . The Schrätzer are also protected all year round due to the fishing rights .
swell
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of the species occurring in Germany in Annexes II, IV, V of the Habitats Directive (92/43 / EEC) (PDF; 93 kB)
literature
- Dr. Hermann Bayrle: Sure through the fishing test - freshwater fish mussels crayfish . Heintges teaching and learning system 2006 ISBN 3-935510-74-8
Web links
- Natura 2000, Animal and Plant Species - Schrätzer (PDF file; 96 kB)
- Schrätzer on Fishbase.org (English)
- Gymnocephalus schraetser inthe IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2013.1. Posted by: Freyhof, J. & Kottelat, M., 2008. Retrieved October 10, 2013.