Schratsegel
Schratsegel is a collective term for all sails that are set in the direction of the ship's longitudinal axis in the rest position. In the case of sailing ships with scrap sails, scrap rigging is also used.
On modern dinghies and yachts only sloping sails are used on the wind, as they allow higher courses on the wind than square sails and are also easier to operate. Schratsails are mostly triangular today (mostly high sails ), in the past they were often square ( gaff sails , sprits sails , etc.).
In the sailor's language , all parts of the sail have special names: the leading edge is referred to as the luff , the lower edge as the foot and the trailing edge as the leech . The corners of the sail are called the head (upper corner), neck (lower front corner) and clew . The head of the sail to which the halyard is attached is usually reinforced by a special headboard on large sails .
The luff is attached to the mast on the jib sails or on a stay ( staysail ) with stay riders . The position of a sling sail to the wind is adjusted by a sheet . Depending on how they are attached and the shape , sling sails have special names such as jib , jib , gaff top and gaff top sails as well as pointed and high sails.
The best-known types of schrag sailing ships include ewer , gaff schooner , galiot , ketch , cutter , schooner , sloop , yawl , logger and tjalk . Kat-rigged boats are also part of this. They only have sails behind the mast (usually one mast, but several masts are also possible).
Compared to square sails
Schratgetakelte ships can higher the wind driving a square rigged . A modern Bermudarigg can a course of up to 30 degrees lie, a classic Schratrigg a course of 45 to 50 degrees and a Rahrigg can reach point of sail of about 60 degrees. Ships rigged with barriers can turn better , while ships with frames rigged more heavily and in extreme cases - for example in weak winds or unfavorable waves - cannot turn at all. After all, changes in the direction of travel on sloping ships cause less work because fewer sheets (“ropes”) have to be operated with the same sail area.
On the other hand, the frame rigging has advantages on downwind courses (with "tail wind"), since frame rigged ships are better "pushed" by the wind. This is compensated for by the use of large, bulbous headsails such as spinnakers or gennakers . There are also advantages for frame-rigged vehicles when jibing , since with frame-rigged vehicles no sail or tree has to be moved over the longitudinal axis of the ship. Correspondingly, the dangers of a patent jibe (an involuntary, uncontrolled jibe) are primarily a problem for Schrategler. In the case of very large ships, the sail area of highly rigged ships is generally difficult to handle; Frame-rigged ships have advantages here due to the larger number of individual sails.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Max Vinner: Boats of the Vikingshipmuseum. Vikingeskibmuseet, Roskilde 2013, ISBN 9788785180636 .