Heavy traffic

Under heavy traffic (including heavy traffic ) refers to the transport of goods and people with heavy commercial vehicles . The vehicles are usually assigned based on their total weight, but there is currently no uniform classification. In vehicle construction, heavy commercial vehicles are used from a weight of 12 t. In noise protection , the proportion of light and heavy trucks is referred to as heavy traffic . Depending on the source and recording method, the term heavy traffic can therefore be summarized as commercial vehicles from 2.8 t, which can lead to significant deviations when comparing. The recommendations for traffic surveys include buses, trucks over 3.5 t gross vehicle weight with or without trailers, and articulated trucks for heavy traffic. This differentiation is based on the official traffic load figures from the road construction authorities. In common usage, it means semi- trailers and trucks .

Heavy traffic causes considerable economic and infrastructural costs. Efforts are therefore being made, especially at the national level, to contain and regulate it through taxes. In Germany and Austria this is done via the truck toll , in Switzerland via the performance-based heavy vehicle tax (LSVA) . The introduction of an Alpine transit exchange is being discussed for the ecologically particularly sensitive transalpine transit routes .

Advantages and disadvantages

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Advantages:

• Coarse and fine distribution of goods of all kinds, integrated everywhere in today's understanding, in order to transport goods from A to B, even when combined transport is interposed.
• Motor vehicle transport is cheaper in cross-border long-distance transport than other transport routes; this is compensated for in local transport by the high fuel prices and other taxes.

Disadvantage:

• Exposure to humans, animals and the environment through noise , soot and exhaust gases
• heavy loads on infrastructure structures such as roads and bridges
• Due to their heavy weight, trucks are a danger for all weaker road users .
• Trucks slow down the flow of traffic due to the lower speeds, especially on uphill and downhill stretches.
• more complex routing: cars and motorbikes can drive up and down steep inclines; Roadways must be widened and straightened , especially horizontally, especially for trucks . Bridges must have a clear height of 4.10 m and a clear width of 3.00 m in order to be passed by them.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Federal Ministry of Transport, Building and Urban Development: Guideline for promoting the acquisition of low-emission heavy commercial vehicles
2. ↑ Guidelines and regulations for the road system (RVS) 04.02.11
3. ↑ http://www.provinz.bz.it/lpa/service/news.asp?redas=yes&archiv_action=4&archiv_article_id=133798
4. ↑ FGSV (Ed.): Recommendations for traffic surveys - EVE . 2012.
5. ↑ ^{a b} [1]  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. How many trucks can the city handle?  
6. ↑ Guidelines for the construction of roads - cross section
7. ↑ Guidelines for the construction of roads - junctions