Solanum sect. Cyphomandropsis
| Solanum sect. Cyphomandropsis | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Solanum glaucophyllum |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Solanum sect. Cyphomandropsis | ||||||||||||
| Bitter |
The section Solanum sect. Cyphomandropsis is part of the plant genus of nightshade ( Solanum ). For a long time the species were listed either in the independent genus Cyphomandra or within the nightshade, molecular biological studies confirm an integration into the genus of nightshade. The section includes about 13 species that are common in South America .
description
Vegetative characteristics
The species of the section Cyphomandropsis are unreinforced trees , shrubs or herbaceous plants that occasionally form rhizomes . The trunks are hairless to densely hairy. The hair consists of unbranched and glandular, unbranched and non-glandular and / or tree-like, non-glandular trichomes .
A sympodial unit contains three or more leaves . The hairless to densely hairy leaf blades are membranous to almost membranous or succulent. They are composed of simple and egg-shaped or pinnate. The point is pointed to pointed, the base is wedge-shaped to descending or strongly heart-shaped. The petioles are also hairless to densely hairy.
Inflorescences and flowers
The inflorescences can be unbranched to heavily branched and have no to dense hairs. The pedicels have a hinge-like kink at or near, if they fall off, they leave scars or visible residues on the inflorescence axes.
The flowers are hermaphrodite, radial symmetry and five-fold. The calyx is bell-shaped, does not enlarge on the fruit and is hairless to densely hairy. The calyx is occasionally inflated a little below the calyx lobes. The calyx lobes themselves are triangular to narrow triangular with blunt to pointed tips. The crown is white, pink, purple or bluish in color, membrane-like to almost membranous and star-shaped, wheel-shaped-star-shaped or star-shaped-bell-shaped. The corolla lobes are narrowly triangular to ovoid, at the tip awl-shaped to tapering. The outside is hairless to densely hairy, the inside hairless to moderately hairy.
The stamens are of the same shape, the stamens are very short, hairless and start near the base of the crown. The anthers are inclined together or free from each other, are yellow to greenish, reddish or purple in color. Their shape is egg-shaped to narrowly triangular, they are slightly tapered towards the tip. They open via mostly outwardly directed pores at the tips, very rarely or not at all these expand into longitudinal slits. The ovary is hairless to densely downy-haired. The stylus is hairless to moderate downy, cylindrical to almost club-shaped. It has a cut or slightly heady scar that is just as wide as the stylus.
Fruits and seeds
The fruits are spherical, elliptical, egg-shaped or spindle-shaped berries that can be blunt, pointed or tapering at the tip. They are hairless or densely hairy, when ripe they are yellow, orange, red, brownish or blue-black in color. The mesocarp occasionally has stone cell inclusions . The seeds are thick and angular to lens-shaped or very flattened, they can be smooth or tomentose.
Systematics
Around 13 species are distinguished within the section:
|
|
The assignment of the species Solanum fallax is not exactly clarified, molecular biological studies suggest that the species is possibly closer to the section Pachyphylla than the section Cyphomandropsis .
supporting documents
Individual evidence
- ↑ Lynn Bohs: Phylogeny of the Cyphomandra clade of the genus Solanum (Solanaceae) based on ITS sequence data . In: Taxon. Volume 56, Number 4, November 2007. pp. 1012-1026.
literature
- Lynn Bohs: Revision of Solanum Section Cyphomandropsis (Solanaceae). Systematic Botany Monographs, Volume 61, The American Society of Plant Taxonomists, August 2001. ISBN 0-912861-61-4 .