Sociographic Institute

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The Sociographic Institute at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University in Frankfurt am Main was founded in 1943. It emerged from a research contract by the Reich Working Group for Spatial Research (awarded in 1940, together with the Reichsnährstand ). Ludwig Neundörfer was director for many years . Wilhelm Polligkeit , the former chairman of the German Association for Public and Private Welfare, was also involved in the establishment of the institute . In the case of the Reichsnährstand, the agricultural planner Friedrich Kann was particularly interested in this form of sociography and helped to further promote empirical work.

The institute was created primarily because of the importance of this sociography for the Reichsnährstand and for the Reichsstelle für Raumordnung . The commissioned work was linked to the settlement planning (plans for an agrarian structural reform in the ' Altreich '). The study covered 4,500 so-called reference communities with around 1.4 million households. Their method was novel, but was used in line with the regime's goals. Several hundred thousand Reichsmarks flowed into Neundörfer between 1940 and 1944 to finance these investigations. Neundörfer's sociography is an outstanding example of the existence of empirical sociology under National Socialism . In the Nazi state, the institute's sociography was strongly intertwined with reconstruction (from 1944), land use and spatial planning .

After the Second World War, the institute headed by Neundörfer took on more and more tasks in the field of social welfare and social policy . Neundörfer worked intensively with the re-established German Association and Wilhelm Polligkeit . In 1951 a plan was drawn up to integrate the refugees. Neundörfer also sought cooperation with the newly established spatial research (e.g. with the Bad Godesberg Institute for Spatial Research , founded in 1949) and was also involved in the development of the so-called Schlüchtern Plan (forerunner of the Hessen Plan ).

The memorandum on the reorganization of social services (Rothenfels memorandum) (1955) and the memorandum on the reorganization of social services (Rothenfels memorandum) (1955) and the one with Hans Achinger and Walter Bogs, at the suggestion of Federal Chancellor Konrad Adenauer, together with Hans Achinger , Joseph Höffner and Hans Muthesius , had a particular influence on the social reforms of the 1950s and 1960s , Helmut Meinhold and Wilfrid Schreiber compiled “Sozialenquete” (1965). For both reports, the Sociographic Institute served as an “evidence office” for collecting statistical material and the other necessary documents. The 1955 memorandum pioneered the 1957 pension reform . Since Ludwig Neundörfer was a consultant in several scientific advisory boards of federal ministries and other governmental and non-governmental organizations (e.g. German Association for Public and Private Welfare, Hamburg Academy for Population Science), the institute was faced with a wide range of social tasks -, family, housing policy too. The Institute also produced the “Atlas of Socio-Economic Regions of Europe”, in which the perspectives of research were extended to Europe. The atlas processes data on the social, population and economic structure as well as medical services in all Western European countries.

After Neundörfer's death, the institute was closed.

At the Sociographic Institute, besides Ludwig Neundörfer u. a. the sociologists Manfred Hermanns , Klaus Kippert , Carl Jantke , Walter Menges , Karl Demeter and Osmund Schreuder worked temporarily. The lawyer Hilde Eiserhardt also worked there.

literature

  • Hans Achinger / Joseph Höffner / Hans Muthesius / Ludwig Neundörfer : Reorganization of social benefits. Memorandum at the suggestion of the Federal Chancellor. Cologne: Greven 1955.
  • Hans Achinger / Walter Bogs / Helmut Meinhold / Ludwig Neundörfer / Wilfried Schreiber: Social Enquete: Social Security in the Federal Republic of Germany. Stuttgart u. a .: Kohlhammer 1965.
  • Michael Heisig: Neundörfer, Ludwig - leading employee on the scientific flanking of the social reform in the 1950s from the perspective of the social reform In: Hugo Maier (Ed.): Who is who of social work. Lambertus, Freiburg im Breisgau 1998, ISBN 3-7841-1036-3 , pp. 433-434.
  • Manfred Hermanns : Social ethics through the ages. Paderborn: Schöningh 2006, in particular pp. 274, 281-283. ISBN 978-3-506-72989-7
  • Klaus Kippert (ed.): Thoughts on sociology and pedagogy. Festschrift for Ludwig Neundörfer on his 65th birthday. Berlin: Beltz 1967.
  • Carsten Klingemann : Reich and post-war sociology: On the continuity of a science in two political systems . In: Renate Knigge-Tesche (Ed.): Adviser to the brown power. Science and Scientists in the Nazi State. Frankfurt / M .: Anabas 1999, pp. 70-93.
  • Horst Knospe: Neundörfer, Ludwig. In: Wilhelm Bernsdorf / Horst Knospe (eds.), Internationales Soziologenlexikon. Vol. 2. Stuttgart: Enke 1984, pp. 617/618. ISBN 3-432-90702-8
  • Benjamin Ziemann : In search of reality. Sociography and social stratification in German Catholicism 1945–1970. In: Geschichte und Gesellschaft 29 Vol. (2003), Heft 3, 409–440.

Writings in the context of sociographic research (selection)

  • Ludwig Neundörfer: “Inventory” and “ideal” as aids in West-East resettlement. In: New peasantry. 32nd year (1940), No. 2, pp. 61-66.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer: T he inventory of the German rural population. A sociographic representation in the service of spatial planning . In: spatial research and spatial planning. 4th year (1940), issue 7/8, pp. 305-310.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer: East mobilization of German peasantry. Preparatory surveys and decisions in the real division areas. In: New peasantry. 32nd year (1940), No. 4/5, pp. 138-140.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer: The task of the description of the place in the planning . In: spatial research and spatial planning. Volume 6 (1942), Issue 2/3, pp. 51-63.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer: The Schlüchtern plan . A practical contribution to the refugee issue . In: social world. 1949, H. 1, pp. 68-78.
  • (Institute for spatial research, ed.): The resettlement of expellees in the Federal Republic of Germany . Expert opinion of the Institute for Spatial Research in conjunction with the Sociographical Institute at the University of Frankfurt / M. Bad Godesberg: IfR 1951.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer: The sociographical survey procedure. In: Institute for the Promotion of Public Affairs eV (Ed.): Empirical Social Research. Opinion and market research, methods and problems. Frankfurt / M .: Metzner 1952.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer: The social reform. Solved and unsolved problems. Freiburg i.Br .: Herder 1957.
  • Ludwig Neundörfer: Atlas of socio-economic regions of Europe. Frankfurt / M .: Sociographic Institute at the Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Frankfurt am Main 1961 ff

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carsten Klingemann: The Sociographic Institute at the University of Frankfurt am Main. In: Ders .: Sociology in the Third Reich. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag 1996, pp. 87-102 (here: pp. 88f.); Uwe Mai: "Race and Space". Agricultural policy, social and spatial planning in the Nazi state. Paderborn et al .: Schöningh 2002 (= Schöningh Collection on the past and present.), Pp. 106, 134f.
  2. ↑ Cf. in particular on the institute's sociographic method: Carsten Klingemann: The Sociographic Institute at the University of Frankfurt am Main. In: Ders .: Sociology in the Third Reich. Baden-Baden: Nomos Verlag 1996, pp. 87-102; Ders .: Reich and post-war sociology: On the continuity of a science in two political systems . In: Renate Knigge-Tesche (Ed.): Adviser to the brown power. Science and Scientists in the Nazi State. Frankfurt / M .: Anabas 1999, pp. 70-93; Hansjörg Gutberger: A case study of the "recursive coupling" between science and politics: Ludwig Neundörfer's sociographic population research / planning. In: Mackensen, Rainer; Reulecke, Jürgen; Ehmer, Josef (Ed.): Origins, types and consequences of the construct "population" before, during and after the "Third Reich". On the history of German population science. Wiesbaden Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften 2009, pp. 291–320.
  3. ^ Carsten Klingemann: Reconstruction planning as a continuation of the National Socialist spatial planning at the Sociographic Institute at the University of Frankfurt am Main . In: Lüken-Isberner, Folckert; Urban history working group (ed.): Stadt und Raum 1933-1949 . Comprehensive University of Kassel, Kassel 1991, p. 179-195 .
  4. ^ Carsten Klingemann: Refugee sociologist as political advisor in West Germany. The development of a research area by former "Reich sociologists": Ludwig Neundörfer . In: Carsten Klingemann (Ed.): Sociology and Politics. Social science expert knowledge in the Third Reich and in the early West German post-war period . VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften, Wiesbaden 2009, p. 306-310 .
  5. ↑ Hansjörg Gutberger: Spatial Development, Population and social integration. Research for spatial planning and spatial planning policy 1930-1960 . Springer VS, Wiesbaden 2017, p. 193-203 .
  6. ↑ Dirk van Laak : Myth "Hessenplan" - the rise and change of state planning after the Second World War . In: Wendelin Strubelt, Detlef Briesen (ed.): Spatial planning after 1945. Conitnities and new beginnings in the Federal Republic of Germany . Campus, Frankfurt / New York 2015, p. 127–149 (here: p. 130 ff.) .