Spring lake
| Spring lake | ||
|---|---|---|
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| View from the south bank to the north | ||
| Geographical location | Oder-Spree district , Brandenburg , Germany | |
| Tributaries | Glubig-Melang-Fließ from Melangsee | |
| Drain | Glubig-Melang-Fließ to the Großer Glubigsee (→ Scharmützelsee ) | |
| Places on the shore | Limsdorf | |
| Location close to the shore | Storkow | |
| Data | ||
| Coordinates | 52 ° 10 '36 " N , 13 ° 59' 37" E | |
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| Altitude above sea level | 39.1 m above sea level NN | |
| surface | 58 ha | |
| length | 1408 m | |
| width | 593 m | |
| volume | 6 million m³ | |
| Maximum depth | 19.0 m | |
| Middle deep | 10.3 m | |
| PH value | 8.8 | |
| Catchment area | 12 km² | |
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| Location of the jumping lake | ||
The Springsee (formerly also: Grundsee ) is an approximately 58 hectare natural lake in the Oder-Spree district in the municipality of Storkow (Mark) . It is located in the Limsdorf district in the Dahme-Heideseen Nature Park and belongs to the Glubigseenkette, which drains through various bodies of water to the Dahme and Spree . Two source rivers of the lake are designated as natural monuments .
The Springsee is classified as a mesotrophic , calcareous, stratified lake with a relatively large catchment area. Completely surrounded by forest, campsites take up part of the short south bank and most of the elongated east bank, while a military restricted area adjoins the west bank . Various sandy bathing spots line the lake. On the east bank is a listed memorial stone for the resistance fighters Erich and Charlotte Garske , who were executed in 1943, a resistance memorial that is unique in Brandenburg due to its early installation (1944).
Geography, water supply and drainage
The Springsee is part of a glacial meltwater channel of the Beeskower plateau or Beeskower Platte , which is listed under No. 824 in the natural spatial units of Germany as part of the East Brandenburg Heath and Lake Area (No. 82). The plate is located between the Berlin glacial valley in the north, through which the Spree flows, and the Baruther glacial valley or Spreewald in the south. The lakes remaining in the channel are known as the Glubigseenkette and extend from north to south. Drainage takes place from south to north via natural rivers that connect the lakes. Starting from the 43 meter high Grubensee (also: Deep Lake ) enter the water over the Melangsee in the 39.1 meter high Springsee and on about the Springseefließ, the Great Glubigsee (39 meters) and small Glubigsee in Wendisch-Rietz in the Scharmützelsee (38.0 meters), the second largest natural lake in Brandenburg with 1,203 hectares and part of the 33-kilometer-long federal waterway Storkower Gewässer (SkG). The Scharmützelsee in turn drains via the canal-like, almost two-kilometer-long Wendisch Rietzer Fließ , the Großer Storkower See (also Dolgensee ) and the Storkower Canal to the Wolziger See and via other bodies of water ultimately into the Dahme and Berlin Spree waters.
In addition to the main inflow from the southern lakes of the Glubigseenkette, the Springsee is fed by the “Large and Small Springsee Spring”, which are designated as natural monuments . The two source rivers are located on the eastern shore of the lake on the site of the "Naturcampingplatz am Springsee" and are around one hundred meters long. While the "Große Springseequelle" at the confluence with the lake reaches the size of a brook, the "Kleine Springseequelle" remains a trickle .
Water profile and trophic characteristics
According to an inventory in 2017, the profile according to the EC Water Framework Directive (EC WFD) for the Springsee (water body no. 80001582841639) indicates an area of 58 ha and a catchment area of 12 km². The lake volume is 6 million m³. The maximum depth is 19 meters, the greatest length of the stretch of water from north to south is 1408 and the greatest width is 593 meters.
The combined quality component macrophytes / diatoms received a 3 (= environmental target of the WFD is just missed, "moderate condition"). The chemical status is rated with 3, the ecological status with 4 (= environmental target of the WFD is clearly missed, "unsatisfactory status"). The decisive factor here is the phytoplankton quality component , which is also given a 4. The body of water is classified as a calcareous, stratified lake with a relatively large catchment area, type 10 . As early as 2004, a documentation of the TU Cottbus , Chair of Water Protection , prepared on behalf of the Federal Environment Agency , marked the lake as mesotrophic (trophy level II), but saw signs of a future trophy reduction:
“The relatively high trophic level of the lake is related to the high external nutrient load in the catchment area up to 1990. The emerging trophic reduction can be as a result of the centralization of wastewater treatment, the modernization of sewage treatment plants, the decline in agriculture and the end of intensive fish farming in the Scharmützelsee area after 1990 be interpreted. "
Flora and fauna
In 2004 the catchment area of the lake consisted of around 88% forest area (including wetlands), around 2% arable land and around 10% living space. The forests - in the east of the Möllendorfer Heide and in the west in the military training area the foothills of the Great Storkow City Forest - come close to the largely natural banks. Pine forests dominate the forests , interspersed with sessile oak , birch and aspen .
According to the Brandenburg Red List , pikeperch and eels are in decline in the lake . The main fish species are carp , perch and tench and other white fish species . At the top of the lake's food chain , pike predators , for which, to the chagrin of some anglers, there are longer closed seasons .
history
First mentions and naming
The body of water was formerly known as the Grundsee . It was first mentioned in a document in 1715 with the entry of the Springsee in a Beeskower document, which is included in the archives of the Brandenburg State Main Archive in Potsdam . In the general designation and description of all in the Chur Mark and incorporated lands and / or bodies of water that touch the same, as rivers, streams, Lücher, brooks, canals, ditches, lakes, puddles, ponds [...] etc. from 1745 can be found Entry into the Spring or Grund lake . The both masculine and in neuter standing Brandenburg word Spring , even Sprint means source . According to the Brandenburg name book, it is occasionally used in an extended sense for small streams or damp places in the area .
At the latest by the beginning of the 20th century, the lake belonged to the Silberberg estate (today the residential area of Bad Saarow ) and came to Wendisch Rietz when it was dissolved in 1928 .
Memorial stone for the Garske couple
The memorial stone for the resistance fighters Erich and Charlotte Garske , who were executed by the Nazi regime in Berlin-Plötzensee in December 1943 , was erected in 1944 by friends of the couple at Springsee, where the Garskes often camped. Such an early resistance monument, erected during the Nazi dictatorship, is unique in Brandenburg. The simple, around half a meter high boulder bears the simple inscription, which was only partially legible in 2013: In memory of Lotte and Erich Garske . The stone is located around one hundred meters above the east bank on the northern edge of the “Naturcampingplatz am Springsee” and still on its site at the end of a small meadow / clearing that extends along the “Small Spring”. The location of the partly overgrown stone is characterized by a high pole that protrudes from the undergrowth with the white and blue monument plaque on top. The stone is listed in Storkow's list of monuments with the official name Gedenkstein für Charlotte und Erich Garske, am Springsee .
Forster group
Until the 1970s, the secret military organization operating group Ralf Forster a training camp at Springsee where conspiratorially in the GDR smuggled DKP -members a secret paramilitary training were given to the crisis in the Federal Republic of sabotage and terrorist carry out attacks. The group was founded in 1969 on the instructions of the SED party leadership and only dissolved when the GDR collapsed in 1989.
Leisure, tourism, sport
On the southwestern bank of the Springsee there is a nature campsite which offers various activities in and around the lake in addition to overnight accommodation. Motorboats have meanwhile been denied access to the Springsee. The fishing in Springsee is permitted with an appropriate permit. For water hikers , the lake is a much-used starting and finishing point. The 66 Lakes Regional Park Route , also known as the 66 Lakes Loop, runs along the east bank , a multi-stage hiking trail in the Berlin / Brandenburg metropolitan region around Berlin.
See also
literature
- Brigitte Nixdorf, Mike Hemm u. a .: Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany, part 5, Brandenburg , environmental research plan of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety , final report R&D project FKZ 299 24 274, on behalf of the Federal Environment Agency at the Chair of Water Protection at the Brandenburg Technical University Cottbus , 2004 Chapter 1.29 Springsee pp. 125–128 PDF
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g Profile Lakes EC Water Framework Directive: Springsee (PDF; 425 kB), State Office for the Environment Brandenburg , Section W14, October 10, 2017. In addition: Reading aid and explanation of the parameters.
- ↑ a b c Frank Bretschneider: Around the Glubigseenkette. (PDF; 544 kB) On website: NABU RV Dahmeland.
- ↑ Brandenburg-Viewer, Digital Topographic Maps 1: 10,000 (Menu - "More data" - click and select accordingly).
- ↑ Directory E, Ser. No. 4 of the Chronicle ( Memento of the original from July 22, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Federal Waterways and Shipping Administration
- ↑ Brigitte Nixdorf, Mike Hemm u. a .: Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany. P. 126.
- ↑ a b c Brigitte Nixdorf, Mike Hemm u. a .: Documentation of the condition and development of the most important lakes in Germany. P. 125.
- ↑ Entire species list and red list of fish and lampreys (Pisces et Cyclostomata) from Berlin: p. 87 – p. 91 in Fish in Berlin - Balance of Species Diversity ", published by the Fisheries Office Berlin
- ↑ Netzangler.de: Springsee .
- ↑ Brandenburg name book. Part 10. The names of the waters of Brandenburg . Founded by Gerhard Schlimpert , edited by Reinhard E. Fischer . Edited by K. Gutschmidt, H. Schmidt, T. Witkowski. Berlin contributions to name research on behalf of the humanities center for history and culture of East Central Europe eV Verlag Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1996 ISBN 3-7400-1001-0 . P. 268f.
- ↑ Joachim Schölzel (edit.): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IX: Beeskow - Storkow. (Publications of the Potsdam State Archives , Volume 25). Publishing house Klaus-D. Becker, Potsdam 2011, ISBN 978-3-941919-86-0 , p. 250 (reprint of the edition: Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachhaben, Weimar 1989, p. 250 ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 ).
- ^ Martin Kaule: Brandenburg 1933-1945. The historical travel guide. Ch. Links Verlag , Berlin 2012. ISBN 978-3-8615-3669-7 , p. 102 (entry no. 41: Resistance monument Limsdorf ).
- ↑ Springsee nature campsite
- ↑ Manfred Reschke: The 66 Lakes Hike. To the natural beauties around Berlin . Trescher Verlag, Berlin 2009, ISBN 978-3-89794-154-0 , p. 154 and cards 18, 19.
