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Banners as a form of representation of the spoken word

In medieval painting, banners are texts in the form of fluttering ribbons that are supposed to represent the spoken word or the sung word . They correspond to speech bubbles in comics . They are also referred to as the "symbol of the oral word" or are examined under the aspect of typeface, i.e. the interaction of image and text . Medieval donor images are of particular importance in this context , as they recorded the names of the clients as painted text and in this way supplemented the pure image information with legible content - for already literate urban-mercantile elites.

The motto ( motto ) or the banner ( war cry) can also be found on banners in coats of arms .

Henry the Lion Gospels , year 1175
The picture of the founders of the married couple Konrad and Irmgard Chrille (Krille) in the Marienpfarrkirche Bozen with painted banners, early 14th century

literature

Franz-Josef Holznagel: The pictures in Middle High German poetry manuscripts: structure and function . In: Ways in writing. Studies and materials for the transmission of Middle High German poetry . Tübingen, Basel 1995.
Norbert Ott: Texts and Images. Relations between the media of art and literature in the Middle Ages and early modern times . In: Horst Wenzel , Wilfried Seipel , Gotthart Wunberg (eds.): The writing of the world. Image, text, and number in the culture of the Middle Ages and early modern times . Vienna 2000.

Individual evidence

↑ Sybille Krämer : The writing as a hybrid of language and image. Theses about typeface, taking into account diagrams and cartography. In: Pictures. A (new) leading medium? Edited by T. Hoffmann and G. Rippl, Göttingen 2006, pp. 79-92.
^ Hannes Obermair : The Use of Records in Medieval Towns: The Case of Bolzano, South Tyrol . In: Marco Mostert, Anna Adamska (Ed.): Writing and the Administration of Medieval Towns: Medieval Urban Literacy I (= Utrecht Studies in Medieval History 27 ). Brepols, 2014, ISBN 978-2-503-54959-0 , pp. 49-68, reference pp. 66-68 , doi : 10.1484 / M.USML-EB.1.101928 .

Web links

Commons : Speech scrolls - collection of images, videos and audio files

Wallraf-Richartz Museum
Evolution of the speech (English) ( Memento of 13 May 2007 at the Internet Archive )
From the place of the voice
Fluttering tape [1]

[1] Sybille Krämer : The writing as a hybrid of language and image. Theses about typeface, taking into account diagrams and cartography. In: Pictures. A (new) leading medium? Edited by T. Hoffmann and G. Rippl, Göttingen 2006, pp. 79-92.

[2] Hannes Obermair : The Use of Records in Medieval Towns: The Case of Bolzano, South Tyrol . In: Marco Mostert, Anna Adamska (Ed.): Writing and the Administration of Medieval Towns: Medieval Urban Literacy I (= Utrecht Studies in Medieval History 27 ). Brepols, 2014, ISBN 978-2-503-54959-0 , pp. 49-68, reference pp. 66-68 , doi : 10.1484 / M.USML-EB.1.101928 .