St. John's Church (Kartlow)
The St. Johannis Church in the Kartlow district of Kruckow is the oldest of the five churches and chapels in the Kartlow- Völschow parish . Together with the rectory, the former sexton's house and two stable buildings, it forms an ensemble of historical buildings. She bears the patronage of John the Baptist .
history
On June 18, 1249, Bishop Wilhelm von Cammin consecrated the Kartlow church in the name of St. Johannes Baptist . At the same time, the villages of Vanselow , Plötz , Völschow , Jagetzow , Schmarsow and Kruckow were parished into the Johanniskirche . Until 1264, Duke Wartislaw III. from Pommern-Demmin the patronage . After his death, it was handed over to the Verchen monastery on September 10, 1264 by his successor Barnim I of Pomerania- Stettin . In 1265 Barnim I reaffirmed the monastery’s right of patronage. The first pastor known by name was Ulrich (1296–1298), who was previously provost in Verchen. The names of five others have survived until the Reformation .
After the secularization of the monastery, the captain of the office Verchen exercised the patronage. Around 1615 the patronage passed to the Kartlow-based gentlemen von Heyden. After the Thirty Years War , the church had to be renovated and re-covered. The pastor Nikolaus Brunnemann (1644–1671) complained in the church accounting book "[...] so the church regiment was also very much in ruins," therefore the furniture at Silberwerck, canvas, books and other church decorations were nicely gone, most of which owed died away '[...] ".
The church was also drawn on the map of the Swedish land survey from 1698. In addition, the parish homestead with the rectory and four farm buildings as well as the sextonry consisting of two buildings were registered. In that year the pastor Kaspar Bünsow took up his position in Kartlow. He was the pastor with the longest term in office (1698–1753), lost all his fortune in 1734 when the rectory burned down completely, was still able to visit the subsidiary villages of Plötz and Kruckow on foot at the age of 80 and died at the age of 85.
During the French occupation (1806-1813) the church was used by the French as a magazine. There are records of the pastor Friedrich Wilhelm Regen (1802–1849) about this time. After the victory over Napoleon's troops in the Battle of the Nations near Leipzig , he planted an oak in front of the rectory to commemorate it , which is still there today as a natural monument. Pastor Regen's tombstone is now in the church on the side of the choir.
Pastor Carl Theodor Schmidt (1850–1886) left behind a handwritten chronicle of Kartlow and several drawings and maps of Kartlow and the villages belonging to the parish.
Between 1860 and 1870, the lord of the manor Woldemar von Heyden was commissioned to renovate and extend the building. With the construction of the tower and the gable of the nave, the church received its present form.
building
church
In contrast to the predominant central location of the village churches, the Kartlow Church is located on an island on the southern edge of the village. Assumptions that there might have been further parts of the village to the south and north of the church before the Thirty Years War could not be confirmed due to the lack of remains of buildings and foundations. Instead, the church was probably used as a place of pilgrimage until the Reformation , for which sufficient space should be made available to the pilgrims . At the same time, markets were held in Kartlow on St. John's Day and - after the Thirty Years War only - on St. Michael's Day .
The oldest part of the church is the field stone choir with an approximately square floor plan. Inside it is spanned by an octagonal star vault with pear ribs from the 15th century. The nave of the nave , which probably dates from the second half of the 13th century, is made of brick . The dimensions of the nave (17.5 meters long and 14.5 meters deep), which are unusual for a village church, are an important indicator of its use as a pilgrimage church. The entrance is in the middle of the north side of the nave, an early Gothic portal on the south side is walled up.
Interior
During the restoration carried out in the 1860s, the church was given neo-Gothic wooden furnishings, including the flat coffered ceiling, in addition to the stepped gables . In the wooden altarpiece there is a depiction of Christ praying in the Garden of Gethsemane by the Szczecin painter Ludwig Most (1807–1883) as an altar painting .
The baptismal font , a so-called cuppa made of Swedish limestone from the middle of the 13th century with a baroque foot, is the only remaining part of the inventory from the time before the Thirty Years' War. In the emergency of the post-war period, the parish pledged the baptismal font to the Anklam pharmacy for 30 guilders and redeemed it later for the same amount.
tower
Until 1796 there was a separate bell tower ( campanile ) to the northeast of the church . Then this was dismantled and the church got a roof turret . The church tower with a rectangular floor plan and an octagonal slate-covered pointed spire was rebuilt in 1869/1870 together with the western gable and the roof turret was removed again. There is no direct connection from the church tower to the nave. Therefore the gallery for the organ built by Barnim Grüneberg in 1870 is only accessible via the tower. The bell , which was cast by the Szczecin company Voss, dates from 1869 . A bell donated in 1613 and another one were lost in the world wars.
Associated facilities
graveyard
The cemetery was in the 19th century on the north side of a wall of red brick with diamond-like openings on field stone pedestals. The two wrought-iron gates bear the initials "vHC" for the church lords of Heyden-Cartlow. To the east of the cemetery is a brick cemetery chapel . The von Heyden-Cartlow family's hereditary burial is located on the site of the former separate bell tower.
Rectory
The old rectory , a half-timbered house , was demolished in 1846 and rebuilt in the Unnode district . The current rectory was built in 1844/45 "[...] 23 feet from the old house to the north [...]" as a brick building with a half-hip roof .
Sexton's house
The former sexton's house from 1844 is, like the rectory, a brick building with a half-hip roof, but of a smaller size. The construction was financed by Mr. von Sobeck auf Kruckow with 1000 thalers. Until 1976, the Kartlower school was located in the southern part of the ground floor. Today the former classroom is used by the Kartlow-Völschow parish.
Farm buildings
The sexton's stable building is still preserved from the farm buildings that used to exist here. The pastor's stable, the parish barn, an apiary and an oven no longer exist.
Condition and use of the church
The tower and west gable show damage from weathering (as of the 2010s). Cracks and rising damp were found in the east gable of the choir. In addition to the foundations having already been partially drained, the roof also needs to be re-roofed. In 1998 an association for the maintenance of the St. Johannis-Kirche Kartlow was founded to raise the necessary financial means.
In addition to church services, the Kartlow Church is also used for cultural events such as concerts (since 2005) and summer exhibitions with works by artists from the region.
literature
- Eberhard Rodenberg, Horst Dassow: Cartlow - Kartlow, 1245–1995, chronicle of a community in Western Pomerania. Self-published by Eberhard Rodenberg, Kartlow 1999.
Web links
- Literature about St. Johannis Church (Kartlow) in the state bibliography MV
- Church of St. Johannis, Kartlow near churches in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania
- Kartlow at Orte in MV
Individual evidence
- ^ Klaus Conrad (arrangement): Pommersches Urkundenbuch . Volume 1. 2nd edition (= publications of the Historical Commission for Pomerania. Series 2, Vol. 1). Böhlau Verlag, Cologne / Vienna 1970, No. 519a.
- ↑ On September 10, 1255 Barnim I confirmed the gift of several villages to Verchen Monastery by Wartislaw III. and added the patronage over the Kartlower Church. Pomeranian Document Book II, 759.
- ↑ Barnim I. confirmed the right of patronage on April 18, 1265 during a stay in Kummerow and decreed that the income of the church, after deducting the maintenance for the pastor, should be used to build the buildings and utility rooms of the monastery. Pomeranian Document Book II, 774.
- ^ Rodenberg / Dassow: Cartlow - Kartlow . P. 68ff. The authors took over the quote from LF Barthold: Documented history together with documents from the noble gentlemen von Heyden in Westphalia and Pomerania up to the most recent times . Greifswald 1857
- ↑ Petra Gersonde: Castle and Park Kartlow. Based on the presentation of the Swedish register card from 1698 drawn by J. Lund, the Kartlow pastor Carl Theodor Schmidt (term of office 1850–1886) designed a Kartlow card in his illustrated chronicle.
- ^ Friedrich Wilhelm Regen: Letter to the superintendent Turow in Demmin . In: Jarmer Zeitung No. 51/1938.
- ^ Carl Theodor Schmidt: Chronicle of Cartlow . Owned by the parish of Kartlow.
- ^ Carl Theodor Schmidt: Picture Chronicle by Cartlow . Owned by the parish of Kartlow.
- ↑ Rodenberg / Dassow: P. 80 after: LF Barthold: Documentary history together with documents of the noble lords of Heyden in Westphalia and Pomerania up to the most recent times . Greifswald 1857.
- ^ Rodenberg / Dassow: Cartlow - Kartlow . P. 78. The authors used a translation of the description of the place Kartlow from the Swedish land survey of 1698 from the old Swedish by Dr. Eginhard Wegner from the Geographical Institute Greifswald.
- ^ Rodenberg / Dassow: Cartlow - Kartlow . P. 47.
- ^ Rodenberg / Dassow: Cartlow - Kartlow . P. 48
- ↑ Captions to the drawings of the rectory.
- ^ Rodenberg / Dassow: Cartlow - Kartlow . P. 146
- ^ Rodenberg / Dassow: Cartlow - Kartlow . P. 160
Coordinates: 53 ° 53 ′ 19.9 " N , 13 ° 15 ′ 47.7" E