Launch (rocket)
The start was a Russian carrier rocket , which based on the ICBM SS-25 was developed ( "Topol").
A distinction is made between the types Start, Start-1 and Start-1.2. The Start-1 had four rocket stages, the Start and Start-1.2, however, five, with the Start-1 the second stage was doubled. The missile used solid fuel for all stages. The payload in a low Earth orbit (400 kilometers) was around 500 kilograms for launch 1 and 570 kilograms for launch. Both versions of the missile had a maximum diameter of 1.8 meters. The Start-1 was 22.7 meters high and had a launch mass of 47 tons. The larger Start model was 28.8 meters high and had a launch mass of 60 tons
The rockets were launched from the Plesetsk and Svobodny cosmodromes in a mobile launcher . The only flight of the Start model failed in 1995, the Start-1 completed six missions from 1993 to 2006.
Start list
This is a full launch rocket launch list.
Serial No. | Date ( UTC ) | Type | Launch site | payload | Type of payload | Payload mass | orbit | Remarks |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | March 24, 1993 | Start-1 | Plesetsk 158 | EKA 1 | Dummy | ? | ? | success |
2 | March 28, 1995 | begin | Plesetsk 158 |
UNAMSAT-A Techsat 1 , EKA 2 |
Amateur radio satellite Dummy amateur radio satellite |
? | ? |
Failure to separate the fourth and fifth stages did not occur |
3 | March 4, 1997 | Start-1.2 | Svobodny 5 | Seja | military satellite | 87 kg | ? | success |
4th | Dec 24, 1997 | Start-1 | Svobodny 5 | Earlybird 1 | Earth observation satellite | 317 kg | SSO | success |
5 | Dec 6, 2000 | Start-1 | Svobodny 5 | EROS-A 1 | Earth observation satellite | 250 kg | SSO | success |
6th | Feb 20, 2001 | Start-1 | Svobodny 5 | Odin | Space telescope | 250 kg | SSO | success |
7th | April 25, 2006 | Start-1 | Svobodny 5 | EROS-B | Earth observation satellite | 350 kg | SSO | success |
Web links
- Topol in the Encyclopedia Astronautica (English)
- Start on Gunter's Space Page
- Start-1 launches satellite on YouTube