Stigmaster
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| General | |||||||||||||||||||
| Surname | Stigmaster | ||||||||||||||||||
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| Molecular formula | C 29 H 48 O | ||||||||||||||||||
| Brief description |
crystalline solid |
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| properties | |||||||||||||||||||
| Molar mass | 412.69 g mol −1 | ||||||||||||||||||
| Physical state |
firmly |
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| Melting point |
170 ° C |
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| solubility |
almost insoluble in water, soluble in many organic solvents |
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| As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . | |||||||||||||||||||
Stigmasterin , also Stigmasterol , belongs to the group of phytosterols , which have a chemical structure similar to that of animal sterols , e.g. B. to cholesterol . They are mainly found in high-fat foods ( cocoa butter , olive oil , soybean oil). Similar to the cholesterol in animal tissue , phytosterols are important components of plant cell membranes . The phytosterols are said to have a cholesterol-lowering effect. This effect is probably due to the reduced absorption of cholesterol in the intestine with the simultaneous intake of phytosterols. They are therefore often used in the therapy of hypercholesterolemia . Stigmasterin is nowadays obtained from the unsaponifiable part of soybean oil.
history
Stigmasterin was first isolated in 1906 by Adolf Windaus and A. Hauth from the oily phytosterol mixture of the calabar bean .
use
Stigmasterine is also used as a tracer for clarified butter . The production of clarified butter from butter by removing water was subsidized by the European Union in order to reduce the overproduction of butter. The addition of the natural marking agent stigmasterin, which is required by law, made it easier to identify butter recovered from clarified butter, making it easy to detect subsidy fraud.
Stigmasterin also plays a role in the quality control of olive oil . The content of stigmasterin in olive oil must be lower than that of campesterol , another phytosterol. Larger occurrences of stigmasterine suggest mixing it with soybean oil.
Stigmasterol is an important raw material for the technical synthesis of steroid - hormones (eg. Sex hormones like progesterone ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Entry on Stigmasterol. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on December 28, 2014.
- ↑ a b Sigmasterol data sheet from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on February 14, 2019 ( PDF ).
- ↑ A. Windaus, A. Hauth: About stigmasterin, a new phytoserin from calabar beans. In: Reports of the German Chemical Society. Vol. 39, 1906, pp. 4378-4384. doi : 10.1002 / cber.190603904146 .
- ↑ Regulation [EEC] No. 2568/91 on the characteristics of olive oils and olive- pomace oils and the methods for their determination in the version of Regulation [EC] No. 1989/2003 - Annex V.