Stylidiaceae
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Stylidium spec., Illustration. |
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The Stylidiaceae are a family of plants in the order of the aster-like (Asterales). They have a disjoint area : on the one hand from Southeast Asia to New Zealand , on the other hand southern South America .
description
They are often herbaceous plants of several years . The simple leaves are sessile. There are no stipules. The ovary is subordinate. They form capsule fruits with 4 to 100 seeds. The characteristics of the representatives of the subfamilies differ greatly from one another; see the descriptions in the following section Systematics.
Systematics with distribution and descriptions
The family is divided into two subfamilies and contains six genera with about 350 species:
- Subfamily Donatioideae (in some authors it has the rank of a separate family Donatiaceae). It contains only two species in a genus with a disjoint area ( New Zealand , Tasmania and southern South America ). They grow in the cold to temperate zones. They are small, perennial herbaceous plants that form firm cushions up to 1 meter in diameter. The simple, sessile leaves sit in small rosettes. The single, terminal, sessile flowers are radially symmetrical to slightly zygomorphic and hermaphroditic. They consist of three to seven free sepals, five to ten free sepals, two to three free stamens, two to three fused carpels and two to three styles .
- Donatia J.R. Forst. & G.Forst.
- Subfamily Stylidioideae: The main distribution is Australia , the species of the subfamily are also found in Southeast Asia , on the Malay Archipelago and in southern South America . They are mostly herbaceous plants of several years, either rosette plants or climbing plants. In some species, the leaves are reduced to scales and photosynthesis is also carried out by the stem. The species are hermaphroditic, monoecious, polygamomonoecan, or dioecious. The flowers are zygomorphic . The (two to) five (to seven) sepals are fused or free. The petals are fused. The two carpels have grown together to form an ovary. The only two stamens are fused with the (only one per flower) stylus ( gynostemium ) and the anthers are close to the stigma. When a pollinator touches the gynostemium, it moves. Pollination occurs by insects ( entomophilia ). With five genera and over 240 species:
- Shot plants ( Stylidium Sw. Ex Willd. ) (Over 300 species).
- Forstera L.f. (five types)
- Levenhookia R.Br. (ten kinds)
- Oreostylidium Berggr. (a kind of)
- Phyllachne J.R. Forst. & G.Forst. (four types)
swell
- The Stylidiaceae the family in APWebsite (English)
- Family description in the Western Australian flora. (English)
Individual evidence
- ^ Steven J. Wagstaff, Juliet Ways: Patterns of diversification in New Zealand Stylidiaceae . In: American Journal of Botany . tape 89 , 2002, p. 865-874 .
Web links
Commons : Stylidiaceae - collection of images, videos and audio files
