TT81
TT81 (Theban Tomb no. 81, Theban Tomb No. 81) in the necropolis of Sheikh Abd el-Qurna in Thebes- West is an ancient Egyptian official grave that was laid out in the 11th dynasty and usurped in the early 18th dynasty . Owner was the official Ineni that the title " Mayor of Thebes ," and " barn head of Amun led" and I. Amenhotep and Thutmose I officiated.
Dating and construction phases
Due to the obvious strong similarity to the tombs of the 11th dynasty, the Egyptologists assumed for a long time that the complex at the beginning of the 18th dynasty was based on the models of the tombs from the Middle Kingdom in the immediate vicinity in a restorative way . After a new grave survey and uncovering, Eberhard Dziobek considers this view to be no longer tenable: "Grave TT81 is an unfinished complex of the early 11th dynasty, which was characteristically rebuilt and reused by Ineni at the beginning of the 18th dynasty."
architecture
The forecourt was cut horizontally into the rock, with the facade being formed by eight irregularly square pillars. The transverse hall behind it is 20 m long and 2.6 m wide and in the middle of the west wall a passage leads over a threshold and a door chamber (but without a detectable door) into the longitudinal hall, in the rear part of which there is a shaft. The statue chamber, which contains four larger-than-life seated statues, adjoins the longitudinal hall in the west.
decoration
In the transverse hall, professional and family scenes dominate on the west wall. The wall paintings show the tomb lord inspecting deliveries for the temple of Amun and the property of Ineni. On the north and south walls there are large steles with autobiographical inscriptions.
In contrast to the scenes on this side of the transverse hall, the funeral scenes are shown in the longitudinal hall. The scenes in the adjoining statue room are dedicated to the commemoration of the dead. The four statues represent the grave lord, his wife and his parents.
- Wall decorations in the tomb
Nubian women
Wine making
Wine making
Grain harvest
Desert hunting
Biography of Ineni
Inenis career as a civil servant began under Amenhotep I. and found a continuation of the government takeover by Thutmose I. At the latest from the time he was superintendent of the treasuries of Amuntempels and then mayor and barn superintendent as the highlight of his career, making him the line of construction in Karnak -Temple and in the Valley of the Kings . After Thutmose I's death, Ineni no longer held any public office and stayed at the court as a royal pensioner.
See also
literature
- Hippolyte Boussac: Le tombeau d'Anna. In: Mémoires publiés par les membres de la mission archéologie française au Caire. (MMAF) Volume 18, Paris 1896.
- Eberhard Dziobek: The Architectural Development of Theban Tombs in the Early Eighteenth Dynasty . In: Jan Assmann, Günther Burkard, Vivian Davies (eds.): Problems and Priorities in Egyptian Archeology. Paul Kegan, London 1987 / KPI, New York 1987, ISBN 978-0-7103-0190-1 , pp. 69-79.
- Eberhard Dziobek: The grave of Ineni. Thebes No. 81 (= Archaeological Publications (German Archaeological Institute. Cairo Department). Volume 68). von Zabern, Mainz 1992, ISBN 978-3-8053-0975-2 .
- Friederike Kampp-Seyfried : The Theban necropolis: To the change of the grave thought from the XVIII. until XX. Dynasty (= Thebes. Volume 13). 2 parts, von Zabern, Mainz 1996, ISBN 3-8053-1506-6 , pp. 323–326.
- Bertha Porter , Rosalind Moss : Topographical bibliography of ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic texts, reliefs, and paintings . Vol. 1, The Theban necropolis. Part 1, Private tombs. 2nd edition, Clarendon Press, Oxford 1960, pp. 159-163.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ E. Dziobek: The grave of Ineni. Theben No. 81. Mainz 1992, p. 17.
- ↑ E. Dziobek: The grave of Ineni. Theben No. 81. Mainz 1992, p. 15ff.
- ↑ E. Dziobek: The grave of Ineni. Theben No. 81. Mainz 1992, p. 32ff.
- ↑ E. Dziobek: The grave of Ineni. Theben No. 81. Mainz 1992, pp. 132ff.
Coordinates: 25 ° 43'56.7 " N , 32 ° 36'26.3" E.