Dive trip
A diving trip describes the movement of submarines under water. The movement of vehicles that are completely submerged is called deep wading or underwater driving.
Submarines differ from ordinary ships in a number of peculiarities , because they not only swim (on the surface of the water), but they float in the water, which is called a diving trip . When diving , the main area of application, the total mass of a submarine is equal to that of the displaced water (displacement mass; see also Archimedes' principle ).
However, this floating state is never exactly reached. On the one hand, even the smallest differences between the submarine mass and that of the displaced water have an effect , on the other hand, the density of the surrounding water changes continuously due to water exchange such as currents and temperature . Submarines therefore always have a tendency to rise or fall, albeit very slowly. Since these tendencies are usually very low, the submarine can maintain or change its depth by means of dynamic lift with the help of the horizontal down elevator . However, this only works if the boat is moving in a horizontal direction (fore or aft) .
It is particularly important to maintain the state of suspension when the submerged submarine is traveling to periscope depth, i.e. must continuously ensure that the periscope neither protrudes too high nor cuts under; the same goes for the snorkel . Compliance with this special state of suspension is made easier with the help of the Papenberg instrument .
