Tetsuji Nishikawa

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Tetsuji Nishikawa ( Japanese 西川 哲 治 , Nishikawa Tetsuji ; * July 7, 1926 in Tokyo ; † December 15, 2010 ) was a Japanese physicist and one of the founding fathers of the Japanese Research Center for High Energy Physics KEK and its general director from 1977 to 1989.

Life

Tetsuji Nishikawa was the firstborn son of the physicist Shōji Nishikawa (1884–1952) and the teacher Kiku Ayai; they had a total of four sons and one daughter. His father did research in the field of crystallography using the then new method of X-ray diffraction and was Professor of Physics at the University of Tokyo from 1924 to 1945 .

Like his father, Tetsuji Nishikawa studied physics in the early 1950s and received his doctorate in the field of microwave spectroscopy . He then worked on Japan's first large particle accelerator , a 750  MeV electron synchrotron at the Institute of Nuclear Study (INS) at the University of Tokyo, and in 1961, at the age of 34, became a professor of physics at the university. From 1964 to 1966 he conducted research in the field of linear accelerators at Brookhaven National Laboratory in the United States .

After returning to Japan, Tetsuji Nishikawa was together with the physicist Shigeki Suwa at the end of the 1960s the driving force of a group of leading Japanese scientists who campaigned for the establishment of a powerful proton synchrotron. In the early 1970s, the Japanese government approved the construction of an 8 GeV proton synchrotron (the aim was, however, a 40 GeV proton synchrotron), with the condition that a national high-energy physics research institution should be established, which ultimately led to the establishment of the KEK in 1971. Shigeki Suwa was the first general director until 1977 and Tetsuji Nishikawa was responsible for the design and construction of the proton synchrotron KEK-PS . He followed Suwa as General Director and held this position until 1989. During this time he was largely responsible for the establishment of the Photon Factory (PF) at the KEK in the early 1980s, a 2.5 GeV electron storage ring for the generation of synchrotron radiation , and the At that time the world's largest electron positron collider TRISTAN , a storage ring with a circumference of three kilometers, for the simultaneous acceleration of electrons and positrons and their collision with center of gravity energies of up to 64 GeV, which was operated at KEK from 1986 to 1995.

Awards

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e Former KEK General Director Tetsuji Nishikawa has passed away. High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), December 16, 2010, archived from the original on May 3, 2014 ; accessed on May 1, 2014 (jp).
  2. ^ I. Nitta: Shoji Nishikawa 1884-1952. In: PP Ewald (Ed.) Fifty Years of X-Ray Diffraction. International Union of Crystallography, 1962, pp. 328-334 ( PDF ; Reprint Springer 2012, ISBN 978-1-4615-9963-0 ).
  3. ↑ a b Yoshitaka Kimura, Nobukazu Toge: Pursuit of Accelerator Projects at KEK in Japan. ( PDF ( Memento of October 4, 2013 in the Internet Archive )) In: Reviews of Accelerator Science and Technology. Vol. 5, 2012, doi : 10.1142 / S1793626812300137 , pp. 333-360.
  4. ↑ APS Fellow Archive 1995 . American Physical Society. Retrieved May 2, 2014
  5. ↑ Tetsuji Nishikawa awarded the Order of the Sacred Treasure. ( Memento of May 3, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), November 7, 2003 (Japanese).
personal data
SURNAME Nishikawa, Tetsuji
ALTERNATIVE NAMES 西川 哲 治 (Japanese)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Japanese physicist and one of the founding fathers of the Japanese Research Center for High Energy Physics KEK as well as its general director (1977–1989)
DATE OF BIRTH July 7, 1926
PLACE OF BIRTH Tokyo
DATE OF DEATH December 15, 2010