Theresienhof (Bad Saarow)
Theresienhof is a residential area of the thermal brine and mud spa Bad Saarow in the Brandenburg district of Oder-Spree . Originating from a water mill on the east bank of the Scharmützelsee , the agricultural property was first mentioned in 1851 under the name Theresienhof. Well-known private owners included the actress Ernestine Wegner and the Renz circus family . Since 1918 in the ownership of changing companies and institutions, the Theresienhof has since been used as a recreation and holiday home or training center. In 2008 the main building, often referred to as the castle, was demolished. A striking villa ("Schwedenhaus") built in 1911 remained. Since 2008, a holiday village with holiday homes and apartments in Scandinavian style has been created on the site of the former farm under the name of Schlosspark Bad Saarow .
Location and transport links
Theresienhof is located on the east bank of the Scharmützelsee, the second largest natural lake in Brandenburg, between the Bad Saarower residential area Pieskow and the municipality of Diensdorf-Radlow . The state road L 35 passes above the town and connects the town to the south in Glienicke with the federal highway 246 and to the north via Bad Saarow-Mitte and the Petersdorf district to the Fürstenwalde-West junction of the federal highway 12 . In local public transport, line 430 of the Oder-Spree (BOS) bus service connects Theresienhof via Bad Saarow-Mitte with Fürstenwalde and via Diensdorf-Radlow and Lindenberg with Beeskow .
The expansion of the cycle path on the lake shore was funded by the European Agricultural Fund for Rural Development (ERLER). About 3 kilometers further south in Radlow, the path meets the Oder-Spree-Dahme-Radweg (OSD). The road is part of the trail to Scharmützel-circular route in Bad Saarow-center and at Wendisch Rietz to the 66-Lakes Regional Park Route around Berlin followed (Section 11).
history
Pieskow watermill
The Theresienhof was originally an agricultural property with a water mill . The water required for operation was dammed up in the pond systems that still exist today . The ponds were fed by a short lake tributary. The approximately 3.5 km long, nameless river is shown on the adjacent section of the Prussian first recording from 1844 in the "Mühlen Thal" above the mill ("Pieskowsche M").
The mill has existed since 1554 at the latest. For this year, Pieskow is given as the village and mill on the Scharmützelsee. A watermill with one gear is documented for Pieskow in 1745 . In 1818 the mill is listed with a fireplace and five people. In the topographical-statistical overview of the administrative district of Frankfurt aO from 1820, the plant was first mentioned as "Pieskower Mühle".
Naming Theresienhof
In the first half of the 19th century, the mill property must have been converted into an agricultural yard. Because in 1858 the complex in the rural community of Pieskow is listed as a farmstead with one residential and three farm buildings in which seven people were resident. For the first time as Theresienhof the "Etablissement" was named shortly before in the official gazette of the royal government of Potsdam and the city of Berlin ( administrative district Potsdam ) from 1851:
The Brandenburg name book traces the name back to the circus and art rider Therese Renz, who was very well known in the 1930s, without giving a source :
“In 1851 the establishment that emerged from the previous mill is named after the circus rider Therese Renz, b. Starck, named Theresienhof . Therese Renz was married to Robert Renz, a relative of Ernst Jakob Renz (1815-1892), the founder of the large circus company of the same name (Brockhaus 15,624). "
According to recent research by local politician Martin Kramberg, published in 2009, this assignment is not tenable. A son of Ernst Jakob Renz, Adolf Renz, actually owned the Theresienhof for a short time, but not until 1899. In addition, Therese Renz was born on April 10, 1859, so that the farm could not have been named after her in 1851. Furthermore, Therese Renz never lived at the Theresienhof and it is doubtful whether she has ever been there. The colportage , the later Emperor Friedrich III, belongs completely to the realm of legend . I donated the area to the circus rider who was very well known and popular at the time and built a castle for you instead of the old mill that was originally located there. The supposed namesake Therese Renz, geb. Starck or Stark (born April 10, 1859, † September 29, 1938), was the wife of Robert Renz (born November 7, 1843), who was a nephew of the circus founder Ernst Jacob Renz.
According to the current state of knowledge, the actual namesake of the Theresienhof - insofar as there was a direct namesake at all - is not known. According to Kramberg's research - which the “Kurort Bad Saarow” e. V. follows in its representations - the development of the Theresienhof is as follows:
Tusculum of the soubrette Ernestine Wegner
Around 1875 the last owner of the mill, the mill master Ferdinand August Gerlach, sold the property to the factory owner Johann Friedrich Modrach, who probably initiated the first expansion of the main building into a stately villa. Modrach only kept the property for a few years. At the beginning of the 1880s, the Theresienhof served the soubrette and singer Ernestine Wegner as a retreat. The artist was under her birth name Christine Kramer in cadastral Buchwerk the then circle Beeskow-Storkow registered as the owner (the basic books of this period are no longer available). What is certain is that a wealthy, to this day unknown admirer had given the estate to Ernestine Wegner. After Ernestine's early death in November 1983, Emilia Wegner was born. Kramer, probably a younger sister, is recorded in the land register as the owner. According to a letter, the stepfather , the singer Adolf Wegner, from whom Ernestine had received her first artistic lessons , also lived on the property at least in 1890 .
Around 1892 the merchant Oskar Klammroth acquired the Theresienhof and sold it to the merchant Eugen Friedländer in 1893. From Friedländer the court went to the restaurateur Adolf Zeitz in 1895.
Owned by the Renz circus family
From Zeitz the Theresienhof came to Adolf Renz (1851–1927) in 1899, who held it until 1902. Adolf Renz had left Circus Renz , which his brother Franz ran until it closed down in 1897, after father Ernst Jacob had equally divided his inheritance worth 16 million gold marks apart from small bequests to all five children or their descendants . As a retiree, he first went on trips with his family until he acquired the Theresienhof with part of his inheritance. From the previously unpublished memoirs of his daughter Alice Renz, later married Alice Weiß (* October 3, 1876 - September 20, 1956), it emerges that the property occupied 36 acres in 1899 , 18 of which were arable land by the lake. Rye and potatoes were grown in the fields. On the beach there was a mobile bath house and a shed for the horses. The simple but nice villa had seven rooms and two girls' rooms. There were ponds with numerous goldfish next to the house. There was a small bridge with a bell and when you rang the bell, all the animals swam in droves to be fed. There was also a large vegetable garden and an orchard with a greenhouse .
“My father couldn't resist buying such a piece of paradise and my mother and I were just as enthusiastic, especially since it was so cheap, as it only cost 50,000! But it was supposed to be considerably more expensive because a lot had to be repaired and renewed. "
After her engagement in April 1901 to the manor owner Erich Weiß from Schönwalde near Schönau in the Schlochau district , Alice Renz tried in vain to persuade her future husband to buy the neighboring Radlow estate and went to West Prussia with Erich Weiß . Most likely due to the daughter's departure, Adolf Renz sold the Theresienhof to August Schultze in 1902.
The porcelain manufacturer Schomburg on the Theresienhof
As early as 1903 the court moved from August Schultze to Max Schulemann, who in 1905 sold it to Paul Rudolph Schomburg (born August 3, 1858 - † May 3, 1912). One of the legends surrounding the Theresienhof is the depiction that the farm was once owned by the brother of the African explorer Hans Schomburgk , but this is a mistake: Paul Rudolph Schomburg and his family had no points of contact with the Schomburgk family. Rather, the new owner Paul Rudolph Schomburg was a son of Herrmann Schomburg (1833–1907) and a grandson of Carl Schomburg (1809–1867).
Carl Schomburg was a porcelain painter in the porcelain factory FA Schumann at that time still independent Berlin-Moabit , before 1853 almost next door, at the address Alt-Moabit , No. 95-97. Porcelain factory Schomburg founded (later porcelain factory H. Schomburg & Sons ). In 1872, Hermann Schomburg acquired the Margarethenhütte in Großdubrau for the production of electrical porcelain , especially insulators . Following the closure of Moab production in 1902 Paul Rudolph Schomburg founded with his brothers in 1904 in Teltow the "Berlin porcelain factory Conrad, H. Schomburg and Co.", later "porcelain factory Teltow" for the production of the classic household and tableware , but from 1911 this factory also only produced industrial porcelain. The Schomburg brothers, whose father Hermann had complained in a letter to his wife in 1894 of the sons' addiction to the man, wasteful and excessive, were rather unsuccessful in the company; In 1913 the last family member left the company. Paul Rudolph Schomburg had died a year earlier. The entire Theresienhof probably remained in the possession of Schomburg's Swedish wife until 1918, but certainly the Swedish house that Schomburg had built for his wife in 1911 ( see Schwedenhaus ).
Theresienhofgesellschaft, Hermann-Leupold-Heim and demolition
Between 1918 and 1932 the Theresienhof was owned by the Berlin Theresienhof Society, which expanded the property considerably and used it as a recreational home for tourists. In 1925 there were 25 people at Theresienhof. From 1932 to 1937, the new owner, the trade sickness association from Berlin, continued this use. The trade health association emerged from the labor movement and was founded in 1846 by various societies with 10,000 members as an instrument for health care / insurance. The next owner, the Reichsinnungsverband des Bakershandwerk, served the facility from 1937 to 1948, among other things as a bakery school. From 1948 in state property, the area was subordinated to the financial administration of the state of Brandenburg. Between 1953 and 1996 the Theresienhof was under the legal sponsorship of the Berlin publishing house , which used it as a Hermann-Leupold-Heim as a rest home and for tourism. Name giver was a director of the publishing house, Hermann Leupold . At this time at the latest, the home was equipped with a bathing beach, a lawn and a bowling alley. In 2008 the Theresienhof was demolished in favor of a holiday complex - according to the Förderverein Kurort Bad Saarow, an unnecessary demolition , with which, as with the demolition of Pieskow Castle, another piece of local history was lost.
Sweden House
The so-called Schwedenhaus, which is located slightly south of the former main building just before the Bad Saarow-Diensdorf-Radlow border on the bike / hiking trail above the Scharmützelsee, was not demolished. The wooden house in the Swedish style is now (as of 2014) privately owned and has been extensively renovated. The striking house with its red-framed windows and a veranda facing the garden was part of the Theresienhof until at least 1996 and usually served the above-mentioned owners as an additional recreation or holiday home. The villa was built in 1911 by the porcelain manufacturer Schomburg ( see above ) for his Swedish wife Eleonora Ida Paulcen (1872–1956) while his wife was on vacation in order to surprise her on their return and to create a piece of home for her on site. The year 1911 is affixed to the gable above the lettering Schwedenhaus .
Bad Saarow Castle Park
With the name "Schlosspark Bad Saarow", a holiday village with around 140 holiday houses and apartments has been built on the Theresienhof since 2008 , a four to five-star complex with upscale to first-class comfort in Scandinavian timber construction. However , there was never a palace or palace park in the narrower sense in the Theresienhof, but, as Alice Renz wrote in her memoirs, a simple but nice villa ( see above ), which, despite all the later extensions, was at best a mansion . The choice of name “Schlosspark Bad Saarow” and the provider's entry slogan Holidays in a unique nature: The park of the former Theresienhof Castle is in a fantastic location directly on the Scharmützelsee [...] is therefore more due to tourism marketing and corresponds to historical reality only to a limited extent. The operator is entered in the commercial register as “Schlosspark Theresienhof GmbH” .
An infrastructure including a cafe, a bakery and a mini shop were created. There is also a playground with a barbecue area, table tennis and a pétanque field. The company Surf & Fun operates a base on the lakeshore and offers boats / boards and courses for various water sports , including pedal boats, rowing boats, paddle boats, license-free and license-required motor boats, windsurfing boards as well as children's dinghies and kid cars.
literature
- Joachim Schölzel (edit.): Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IX: Beeskow - Storkow. (Publications of the Potsdam State Archives , Volume 25). Publishing house Klaus-D. Becker, Potsdam 2011, ISBN 978-3-941919-86-0 , pp. 196f, 278f. (Reprint of the edition: Verlag Hermann Böhlaus Nachhaben, Weimar 1989, ISBN 3-7400-0104-6 )
- Sophie Wauer: Brandenburg name book. Part 12: The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district . After preliminary work by Klaus Müller. ( Berlin Contributions to Name Research , Volume 13). Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-515-08664-1 , p. 115.
Web links
- Martin Kramberg: The Theresienhof in Bad Saarow - rumors and many errors. In: spd-scharmuetzelsee.de, September 16, 2009.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Busverkehr Oder-Spree GmbH: Line 430 .
- ↑ Brandenburg viewer, digital topographic maps 1: 10,000 (menu - "More data" - click and select accordingly; switch to the district boundaries "real estate cadastre" and there "districts".)
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i Martin Kramberg: The Theresienhof in Bad Saarow - rumors and many errors. In: spd-scharmuetzelsee.de, September 16, 2009. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on October 13, 2012 ; Retrieved October 13, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg. Part IX:….
- ^ Official Journal of the Royal Government of Potsdam and the City of Berlin. Born in 1851. Potsdam, 1851, p. 37. (see under: Mixed news).
- ↑ a b The Brockhaus 15,624 source mentioned in the cited section refers to: Der Große Brockhaus, 1–21, Leipzig 1928–1935, that is to volume 15, p. 624. There is only one article on Renz, Ernst Jakob , without any mention of Therese Renz or the Theresienhof. The source thus only confirms the biographical information on Ernst Jakob Renz. The core statement of the section, the Theresienhof was named after Therese Renz, remains unproven, which is rather unusual for the Brandenburg name book.
- ↑ friedparks.de: Memorial Therese Renz on the Old Cathedral Cemetery of St. Hedwig's parish in Berlin.
- ^ Sophie Wauer: Brandenburgisches Namenbuch. Part 12. The place names of the Beeskow-Storkow district ..., p. 115.
- ↑ This legend was also rumored in the 2000s, for example in the advertising brochure: Unique. Vacation in Bad Saarow. Right on the Scharmützelsee. Bad Saarow Castle Park. ( Memento of the original from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Ed .: Schlosspark Theresienhof GmbH, Bad Saarow. Without a year. See page 5, section Holidays in the Bad Saarow Castle Park (PDF).
- ↑ a b Martin Kramberg: The Theresienhof. Entry for August in: Förderverein "Kurort Bad Saarow" e. V .: Wall calendar 2013 ( Memento from March 6, 2014 in the Internet Archive ). Almost identical, there is also an information sign from the Friends' Association for the Theresienhof on site (undated).
- ↑ Alice Renz: My Memoirs. 1938, previously unpublished. Compiled and quoted after the detailed reproduction in: Martin Kramberg: The Theresienhof in Bad Saarow - rumors and many errors. In: spd-scharmuetzelsee.de, September 16, 2009. The reference / source is given by Kramberg on this page .
- ↑ Do you know Schomburg? Electrical ceramist from Moabit. A forgotten porcelain factory. Ed .: Bernd Hildebrandt with the assistance of the Tiergarten local history museum. Verlag Weidler, Berlin 1996, ISBN 3-925191-31-3 (catalog for the exhibition: Heimatmuseum Tiergarten, start: October 11, 1996).
- ^ Museum Margarethenhütte Großdubrau. Retrieved May 24, 2020 .
- ^ Porcelainbiz: Teltow. ( Memento of the original from March 23, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ^ Florian Tennstedt : Social self-administration. History of Self-Administration in Health Insurance. Volume 2. Verlag der Ortskrankenkassen, Bonn 1977, ISBN 3-553-41966-X , p. 14, note 5 pdf .
- ↑ Bad Saarow Castle Park, front page.
- ↑ Commercial register online: Schlosspark Theresienhof GmbH, HRB 11863
- ↑ Surf & Fun at the Scharmützelsee.
Coordinates: 52 ° 15 '36.3 " N , 14 ° 4' 18.9" E