Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus
Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus (according to more recent considerations, perhaps more likely Tiberius Claudius Togidubnus ) was king and legatus Augusti , i.e. a vassal king in the Roman province of Britain in the second half of the 1st century AD, who over the Celtic Regni (also Regini or Regnentes called) prevailed. These had been under the rule of the Atrebates in pre-Roman times . Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus probably succeeded a certain Verica as king .
Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus was likely born a member of the local ruling class. When England was conquered by the Romans in AD 43, it appears that he was chosen to rule its people as king. It is conceivable that as a child he was sent to Rome for upbringing and in adulthood he was sent back to the provinces in order to take over the rule there, as was the case with the Cheruscan prince Arminius . However, no evidence can be provided for this.
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As a tribute and also out of respect for the Roman emperor, he took his name: Tiberius Claudius . Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus is attested in only two written sources: in Publius Cornelius Tacitus and on an inscription that was found in Chichester .
In the biography of his father-in-law Gnaeus Iulius Agricola , Tacitus mentions that the British King Cogidubnus - usually called Cogidumnus in the transcripts - received certain tribal areas for reign. The king adopted the Roman customs early on and was always loyal up to the time of Tacitus:
"Quaedam civitates Cogidumno regi donatae (is ad nostram usque memoriam fidissimus mansit), vetere ac iam pridem recepta populi Romani consuetudine, ut haberet instrumenta servitutis et reges."
In 1723 there was an inscription in Chichester, the former Noviomagus Regnorum , which mentions the construction of a temple for Neptune and Minerva . The king ( rex ) and legatus augusti gave Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus permission to build a temple . The inscription reads:
TEMPLVM
[PR] O · SALVTE · DO [MVS] · DIVINA [E]
[EX] · AVCTORITAT [E · TI] · CLAVD ·
[CO] GIDVBNI · R [EG · MA] GNI · BRIT ·
[COLE] GIVM · FABROR • ET [• Q] VI • IN • E [O]
[SVNT] • D • S • D • DONANTE • APEAM
In German, for example: The college of artisans and its members donate this temple to Neptune and Minerva from their own money to protect the Holy House, from the authority of Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus, the great King of the Brits [...], son of Pudentine gave the land .
The assumption that Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus resided directly in Chichester is controversial. In the meantime, near Chichester, in the village of Fishbourne , a large palatial building has been excavated, which is assigned to this king.
After the death of Cogidubnus, his territory was certainly fully integrated into the Roman Empire, because no successor was appointed as king.
Remarks
literature
- Anthony A Barrett: The Career of Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus , In: Britannia 10 (1979), pp. 227-242
- Barry Cunliffe : Fishbourne, A Roman Palace and Its Garden , Thames and Hudson, London 1971, pp. 23-25, 165-69 ISBN 0-500-27015-5
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tiberius Claudius Cogidubnus |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Vassal king and legatus augusti |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1st century BC BC or 1st century |
| DATE OF DEATH | 1st century |