Tom Cruise

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Tom Cruise (2019)

Thomas "Tom" Cruise (born July 3, 1962 in Syracuse , New York as Thomas Cruise Mapother IV ) is an American actor and film producer .

Life

Childhood and youth

Tom Cruise grew up together with three sisters in poor circumstances. His childhood was marked by the constant moves of his parents Thomas and Mary, who did not have a permanent residence. After their divorce , Cruise lived with his mother and her new husband in Glen Ridge, New Jersey . By then he had already attended over 15 different schools in the USA and Canada . At the age of 14, he decided for a short time, a Catholic to become a priest, and lived for a year in a seminary of the Franciscans .

His main interests were sports and acting. He was on the wrestling team at school, but was retired after a knee injury and decided to become an actor. At the age of 18 he went to New York , where he attended the Neighborhood Playhouse School of Theater . There he met his sponsor, the renowned drama teacher Sanford Meisner . His cousin William Mapother is also an actor.

Career

In 1981 he made his screen debut in Endless Love . In the same year he stood for The Cadets of Bunker Hill with George C. Scott and Sean Penn in front of the camera. In 1983 he appeared in Francis Ford Coppola's The Outsider with. In the same year he was able to take on the leading role in the comedy Loose Business and the sports drama The Right Turn . He played another leading role in 1985 in Ridley Scott's fantasy epic legend .

Cruise made his big breakthrough in 1986 with the aviator film Top Gun - You Fear neither Death nor the Devil , which grossed more than 340 million dollars worldwide and made him the most successful actor of his generation. The pool drama The Color of Money and the comedy film Cocktail cemented its reputation as a crowd favorite in the years that followed.

Tom Cruise 1989

In 1988, Cruise starred alongside Dustin Hoffman in Barry Levinson's drama Rain Man . The film was nominated for eight Academy Awards in 1989 and won in the categories of Best Picture , Best Director , Best Actor (Dustin Hoffman) and Best Original Screenplay . The following year, he received his first Oscar nomination and a Golden Globe for his portrayal of the paralyzed Vietnam veteran Ron Kovic in Born on July 4th .

From 1992 to 1996, Cruise set a record by making five consecutive films with A Matter of Honor , The Company , Interview with a Vampire , Mission: Impossible and Jerry Maguire - Game of Life (second Oscar nomination), which grossed over $ 100 million each in the US. No other actor had done this before. 1999 played Cruise and his then-wife Nicole Kidman star in the Arthur Schnitzler - adaptation Eyes Wide Shut directed by Stanley Kubrick . A year later, he received his third Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actor for his role in the independent film Magnolia .

In late August 2006 it was announced that Paramount Pictures would not renew its contract with Cruise due to its public behavior after 14 years of cooperation. Two months later, Cruise and his long-term business partner Paula Wagner were hired to manage the film production company United Artists (UA), which had meanwhile been taken over by Sony Corporation of America . The plan was for Cruise to work as an actor and producer on up to four of the company's films per year and for Wagner to lead the UA as managing director. However, Wagner left the studio again in August 2008.

In early 2009, Tom Cruise was seen as the German resistance fighter Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg in the movie Operation Walküre - The Stauffenberg Assassination . The eldest son of the Hitler assassin, major general a. D. Berthold Maria Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg , had asked Cruise in June 2007 in vain not to portray the resistance fighter in a film. Stauffenberg was against Cruise's membership in Scientology.

Despite the criticism of the Stauffenberg descendants and critical media reports, Tom Cruise received the Courage Bambi for the Stauffenberg representation . The laudation at the award ceremony on November 29, 2007 in Düsseldorf was given by the co-editor of the Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung, Frank Schirrmacher .

On July 22, 2010, the action comedy Knight and Day started in Germany. In the film, Cruise starred alongside Cameron Diaz . The film was conceived as a comeback for Cruise, but flopped in the US. At $ 20 million, no other Cruise film previously grossed so little money at the box office on the opening weekend. In contrast, the two science fiction films Oblivion and Edge of Tomorrow as well as the action crime thriller Jack Reacher received good reviews and were financially successful. This was even more true of the fourth and fifth installments of the Mission Impossible film series , which hit theaters in 2011 and 2015 and with box office profits of around $ 695 million (Part 4) and around $ 683 million (Part 5) Cruise's greatest hits are. A commercial and artistic failure, however, was the remake of The Mummy , which came out in 2017. In the summer of 2018, Mission: Impossible - Fallout, the sixth part of the film series, was released in cinemas, with which Cruise was able to celebrate its greatest commercial success to date with gross revenues of around 790 million dollars.

Private life

In 1986, Cruise began a relationship with actress Mimi Rogers , whom he married on May 9, 1987.

On the set of the action film Days of Thunder , he met Nicole Kidman in 1990 and began an affair with her. According to US journalist and anti-Scientology blogger Tony Ortega , Cruise saw her in the film The Silence of Death and convinced the producers of Days of Thunder to give her the leading female role as a neurosurgeon , even though she was too young for it at the age of 22. After divorcing Rogers, Kidman and Cruise were married on Christmas Eve in 1990. With Kidman he made the film In a Distant Land in 1992 . In February 2001, Cruise and Kidman announced their separation, and Cruise filed for divorce, which ended in August of the same year, with the two of them maintaining custody of the two adopted children. In the same year, Cruise began a relationship with Penélope Cruz , whom he met while filming Vanilla Sky .

In early 2004, Cruise and Cruz separated, from April 2005 he was in a relationship with actress Katie Holmes . His appearance on the Oprah Winfrey Show caused a sensation , when Cruise stood on the interview couch and declared his love for Holmes. This appearance was parodied in the movie Scary Movie 4 . In December 2005, Cruise was voted Most Embarrassing Star of the Year by readers of the Los Angeles Daily News . The trigger for this was the "constant public smooching with his fiancée Katie Holmes and his eternal confessions of love" ( picture ) . The glossy magazine Vanity Fair asked "if Tom Cruise has gone mad". In March 2006, Cruise received the Golden Raspberry as "the most annoying target of the gossip press". The reason for this was also "his show of enthusiasm for his girlfriend Katie Holmes". On April 18, 2006, Katie Holmes gave birth to their daughter Suri in Los Angeles. Cruise and Holmes' wedding took place on November 18, 2006 in Bracciano, Italy, according to the Scientology rite. In June 2012, the couple announced their split.

Cruise is enthusiastic about aviation privately and has a professional pilot license with instrument flight authorization, as well as a license that allows him to fly helicopters.

reception

Scientology

Cruise has been a member of Scientology since 1986 . It was introduced by Mimi Rogers. The daughter of Scientologist Phil Spickler was married from 1977 to 1980 to Jim Rogers, who was also a member of Scientology.

In 2004 Cruise was awarded the IAS (International Association of Scientologists) Freedom Medal of Valor , the highest medal awarded by Scientology. At the time of the award, he held the rank of OT VI ( Operating Thetan Level VI , for example: Operating Thetan Level 6) and was about to reach the next higher level OT VII (i.e. the second highest of eight practically achievable OT levels).

Since separating from Nicole Kidman in 2001, he has appeared frequently for Scientology in public. He advertises the movement not only among celebrity colleagues, but also among his fans for members. In addition, during his 2004 and 2005 visits to Germany and France, he explicitly advocated Scientology to politicians responsible. In an interview with the news magazine “Der Spiegel” on the occasion of the start of War of the Worlds (2005), in which Cruise played the leading role, he named “hatred” as the cause of the controversy in Germany.

Cruise continued to campaign publicly for Scientology in 2006, speaking out against drugs used to treat depression and ADHD .

In keeping with the values ​​of Scientology, he has a negative attitude towards psychiatry . He attacked the actress Brooke Shields in two television interviews because she had described in a book how she had successfully treated her postpartum depression with the drug paroxetine . In the course of the argument, Cruise claimed that psychiatry was a pseudoscience . Shields later responded to this in an article in the New York Times, among other things with the sentence: "Comments like this show a complete ignorance about the postpartum depression and the birth of a child itself." The American Professional Association of Psychiatrists also denied his claims because they would prevent people from seeking help; a medical journal called him "dangerous and irresponsible". A year later, Cruise personally apologized to Brooke Shields. However, his spokesman made it clear that his position on antidepressants has not changed.

A possible honorary citizenship of Paris for Cruise failed in 2005 due to the veto of the deputy mayor and the city council, who forbade this with reference to his commitment to Scientology.

In 2007, Scientology leader David Miscavige stated that he was firmly convinced that Tom Cruise would be worshiped like Christ in the future and that he was or would be the new "Prophet of Religion", the Messiah of Scientology.

At the beginning of 2008, Cruise caused a sensation again when Andrew Morton described him in his book “Tom Cruise. The Star and the Scientology Conspiracy ”as one of the leading figures in Scientology. Cruise is said to be consulted on all important decisions, but both he and his lawyer have denied all allegations and described the book as "a bunch of lies".

In connection with a video published on the Internet portal YouTube , the German history journalist Guido Knopp compared the function of Cruise for the system of the Scientology Church with the function of Hitler's Propaganda Minister Joseph Goebbels for the system of National Socialism. Andrew Morton described the comparison as too far-reaching given the different social positions of the two.

On the film set and at film festivals

Tom Cruise at the London Film Festival in October 2007

Cruise is valued by his fellow actors for his friendly manner and also for his courage to perform even the most daring stunts himself. Director Werner Herzog says that the term nice is not enough for him and that he, for example, greets cable carriers with a handshake or naturally brings the cloakroom lady an espresso. Kirsten Dunst claims that since the film Interview with a Vampire was shot over 20 years ago, Cruise has given a cake every year for Christmas. Jeremy Renner admits never to hang on to the Burj Khalifa in Dubai like Tom Cruise, and Alec Baldwin says it is crazy what Tom Cruise takes to be worth the money for the movie ticket.

Voice actor

The German dubbing voice of Tom Cruise was Stephan Schwartz from 1986 to 1996 . In the 1996 film Jerry Maguire , he was dubbed by Frank Schaff . Patrick Winczewski has been Cruise's German dubbing voice since 1999 . The only exception so far was the film Mission: Impossible - Phantom Protocol from 2011, in which Cruise was spoken by Markus Pfeiffer .

In the early years of his career, Cruise had no permanent voice actor, so he was voiced by Nicolas Böll in Legende or Mathias Einert in Die Outsider . Konrad Bösherz lent the young Cruise his voice for the new 2012 dubbed version of Die Outsider .

Filmography

actor

producer

Awards and nominations (selection)

Tom Cruise at a press conference at the Kempinski Hotel Atlantic in Hamburg for the start of Mission: Impossible , June 19, 1996

Oscar

  • 1990 : Nomination: Best Actor for Born on July 4th
  • 1997 : Nomination: Best Actor for Jerry Maguire - Game of Life
  • 2000 : Nomination: Best Supporting Actor for Magnolia

Golden Globe Award

  • 1984 : Nomination: Best Actor in a Movie / Musical or Comedy for Loose Business
  • 1990 : Best Actor in a Motion Picture / Drama for Born on July 4th
  • 1993 : Nomination: Best Actor in a Feature Film / Drama for A Question of Honor
  • 1997 : Best Actor in a Motion Picture / Musical or Comedy for Jerry Maguire - Game of Life
  • 2000 : Best Supporting Actor in a Movie for Magnolia
  • 2004 : Nomination: Best Actor in a Motion Picture / Drama for Last Samurai
  • 2009 : Nomination: Best Supporting Actor for Tropic Thunder

Golden Raspberry

  • 1989 : Nomination: Worst Leading Actor for Cocktail
  • 1995 : Worst screen couple together with Brad Pitt for an interview with a vampire
  • 2001 : Nomination: Worst remake or sequel for Mission: Impossible II
  • 2006 : Most annoying target of the gossip press for Tom Cruise, Katie Holmes, Oprah Winfrey's couch, the Eiffel Tower & "Tom's Baby"
  • 2006: Nomination: Most annoying target of the gossip press for Tom Cruise and his campaign against psychiatrists
  • 2006: Nomination: Worst Actor for War of the Worlds
  • 2018 : Worst leading actor for The Mummy

Bambi

  • 2007 : Bambi - "Courage" for the role of the German resistance fighter Claus Schenk Graf von Stauffenberg

literature

Web links

Commons : Tom Cruise  - album with pictures, videos and audio files
 Wikinews: Tom Cruise  - on the news

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Film studios announce Tom Cruise ( Memento of August 22, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), Der Spiegel , August 23, 2006.
  2. ↑ Sumner Redstone gives Tom Cruise his walking papers , The Wall Street Journal, August 23, 2006
  3. ↑ Tom Cruise wants to rebuild United Artists Studio , FAZ Online, November 3, 2006.
  4. ↑ Paula Wagner Plans to Step Down at United Artists , article by Claudia Eller in the Los Angeles Times, August 14, 2008.
  5. ↑ Archive link: yahoo.com: Stauffenberg: Cruise should keep hands off my father, June 22, 2007. ( Memento from July 1, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
  6. ↑ Frank Schirrmacher laudatory speech for Tom Cruise
  7. ↑ Laudation for Tom Cruise - A man of courage , faz.net
  8. ↑ Can Tom Cruise still be saved? ( Memento of the original from July 31, 2010 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Article on news.de @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.news.de
  9. ↑ a b c d Tony Ortega: How Scientology broke up Tom Cruise and Mimi Rogers: The story you haven't heard. In: tonyortega.org. April 14, 2015, accessed September 17, 2017 .
  10. ↑ How YouTube and Internet Journalism Destroyed Tom Cruise, Our Last Real Movie Star ( Memento of the original from June 10, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. at laweekly.com, accessed June 11, 2014 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.laweekly.com
  11. ^ Wedding in the Scientology Rite , Focus
  12. ↑ Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes are getting divorced , world-online
  13. ↑ Tom Cruise & Doug Liman Answer the Web's Most Searched Questions | WIRED YouTube. Retrieved August 3, 2019.
  14. ↑ Tom Cruise: "Scientology helped me" ( Memento from July 22, 2003 in the Internet Archive ), netzeitung.de, March 11, 2003.
  15. ↑ a b Scientology awards Tom Cruise a gold diamond encrusted "Freedom Medal of Valor" ( Memento of the original from November 16, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.cultnews.com
  16. ^ Brief Biography of Tom Cruise.
  17. ↑ The actor Tom Cruise promotes Scientology in politics and the film industry , Ingo-heinemann.de
  18. ↑ Everyone has his mission , Der Spiegel 17/2005 of April 25, 2005, page 142.
  19. ↑ a b Access Hollywood, May 26, 2005: Access Exclusive - Tom On Psychiatry ( Memento January 1, 2008 in the Internet Archive )
  20. ↑ a b NBC Today Show, June 24, 2005, Interview of Tom Cruise by Matt Lauer.
  21. ^ A Couch Tom Cruise Won't Jump On: Actor Lambastes Psychiatry on "Today," Washington Post, June 25, 2005.
  22. ↑ Brooke Shields: I would love to love you so much. About the great sadness after giving birth. Schröder, Munich 2006, ISBN 3-547-71104-5 .
  23. ↑ Brooke Shields: War of Words , The New York Times , July 1, 2005.
  24. ↑ Psychiatrists condemn Cruise mental health remarks  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , Reuters, June 29, 2005.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.tiscali.co.uk  
  25. ↑ Tom Cruise is dangerous and irresponsible , The Journal of Clinical Investigation, 2005 August 1; 115 (8): 1964-1965. PMC 1180571 (free full text)
  26. ↑ Tom Cruise Apologizes , Welt Online: September 4, 2006.
  27. ↑ Shields Says Tom Cruise Apologized for Criticizing Her ( September 5, 2006 memento in the Internet Archive ), AP, September 2, 2006.
  28. ↑ Paris City Hall Will Not Honor Scientologist Cruise ( Memento of the original from September 30, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , AFP, July 12, 2005. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.wwrn.org
  29. ↑ Tom Cruise ne sera pas citoyen d'honneur de Paris ( Memento of the original from October 28, 2005 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , AFP, July 11, 2005. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.prevensectes.com
  30. ↑ Cordula Schmitz: Tom Cruise is to become the new messiah. In: welt.de . January 23, 2007, accessed October 7, 2018 .
  31. ↑ http://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/morford/article/Is-Tom-Cruise-The-Messiah-The-Church-of-2620118.php
  32. ↑ Andrew Morton: Tom Cruise: An Unauthorized Biography. St. Martin's Press, New York 2008, ISBN 978-0-312-35986-7 , German: Tom Cruise: the star and the Scientology conspiracy. Droemer, Munich 2008, ISBN 978-3-426-27462-0 .
  33. ^ Scientology video. Knopp compares Tom Cruise with Goebbels , Spiegel Online , January 20, 2008.
  34. ↑ Interview: Star biographer Andrew Morton: "Cruise wants to take the bastion of Germany" , Der Spiegel , January 30, 2008.
  35. ↑ Press article A crazy guy from page 7 from issue No. 8/2016 of TVdirekt
personal data
SURNAME Cruise, Tom
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Mapother, Thomas Cruise IV (real name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American actor and film producer
DATE OF BIRTH 3rd July 1962
PLACE OF BIRTH Syracuse , New York , USA