Trifolium infamia-ponertii

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Trifolium infamia-ponertii
Herbarium evidence Trifolium infamia-ponertii, Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin

Herbarium evidence Trifolium infamia-ponertii , Botanical Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin

Systematics
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Butterflies (Faboideae)
Genre : Clover ( trifolium )
Section : Trifolium
Subsection : Angustifolia
Type : Trifolium infamia-ponertii
Scientific name
Trifolium infamia-ponertii
Greuter

Trifolium infamia-ponertii is a common in many parts of the Mediterranean plant species from the family of legumes (Fabaceae). Their species name is unusual: it mocks a botanist who is accused of improper work.

description

Trifolium infamia-ponertii is an annual , herbaceous plant that reaches heights of between 10 and 15 centimeters. The stem axes, which are mostly branched at the base, lying down or ascending, are sparsely branched upwards and are hairy adjacent or almost adjacent .

The threefold leaves are long in the lower part of the plant and short stalked in the upper part. The stipules are partly fused with the petioles. The free part is lanceolate with many leaf veins and a awl tip.

The leaflets are between 1 and 2 centimeters long. They are usually shorter than the leaf stalks. They are narrowly lanceolate to linear, pointed in the upper leaves and obtuse in the lower leaves. Both leaf sides are hairy when pressed. The leaf margin is entire or almost entire.

Trifolium infamia-ponertii flowers from March to April. The head-packed inflorescences are cylindrical or conical spikes . They are shorter than the narrow-leaved clover and consist of 1 to 1.3 centimeters long butterfly flowers .

The calyx is tubular to bell-shaped and covered with close to protruding, stiff hairs that grow out of bumps. The calyx teeth are sub-bristle-shaped with a blunt tip that does not pierce when the fruit is ripe, with two to three hairs. The lower ones are longer than the upper ones. The crown is light pink to whitish and as long as the calyx teeth or just a little longer.

When the fruit ripens, solitary egg-shaped, membranous pods with a cartilage-like seed cover (operculum) are formed. They mature in the completely closed calyx tube. The calyx teeth stand out in a star shape. The seed is egg-shaped and light brown in color.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 16.

Trifolium infamia-ponertii differs from the similar and closely related narrow-leaved clover ( Trifolium angustifolium ) in the smaller size of the stem, leaves and inflorescence, the lighter color of the flowers and the blunt, hairy calyx teeth.

distribution

Trifolium infamia-ponertii is found in the Mediterranean region in Spain, North Africa (Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), on some Mediterranean islands (Sicily, Malta, Crete, East Aegean Islands ), in Italy, the former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria and via Greece to the European and Asian Turkey.

The clover prefers to colonize more base-rich locations such as the narrow-leaved clover and occurs together with other therophytes , also accompanied by the narrow-leaved clover and the hare-clover in gaps in vegetation on dry cultivated and pastureland.

Systematics and botanical history

Trifolium infamia-ponertii is placed in the genus in the section Trifolium , subsection Angustifolia . The species was first described in 1821 by Giovanni Gussone under the name Trifolium intermedium . However, this name had already been given in 1813 by Philippe Picot de Lapeyrouse (as a synonym for the Swedish clover ( Trifolium hybridum )). This made Gussone's name an illegal and invalid homonym . However, this was not recognized until 1968. Meanwhile, the species name was continued, and based on the description of Gussone as a variety of narrow-leaved clover ( Trifolium angustifolium var. Intermedium Gibelli & Belli described as well as a subspecies () Trifolium angustifolium subsp. Intermedium (Gibelli & Belli) Arcangeli umkombiniert). These two names are the respectively valid ones in the subspecies and variety rank.

Only Werner Greuter awarded in 1976 a new, rule-modern species name (nomen novum), who then replaced the old. Greuter chose the epithet infamia-ponertii , which literally translates as "The Shame of Ponert" and aimed at the Czechoslovak botanist Jiří Ponert (* 1937). Ponert had previously made well over 400 systematic new combinations and initial descriptions in an article on the basis of the herbarium specimens discussed in the third volume of the Flora of Turkey , published in 1970 , without having studied this material. Among other things, he also created the superfluous combination Trifolium angustifolium subsp. intermedium . Ponert's procedure, which was viewed critically in professional circles, inspired Greuter to assign his name, which he explained in a footnote in Latin: "The name recalls the inventor of the method of naming plants that have never been seen."

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Ralf Jahn, Peter Schönfelder: Excursion flora for Crete . With contributions by Alfred Mayer and Martin Scheuerer. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1995, ISBN 3-8001-3478-0 , p. 166 .
  2. ^ A b Carlos Vicioso: Tréboles españoles. Revisión del género Trifolium, [segunda parte] . In: Anales del Instituto Botánico Cavanilles. Volume 11, No. 2, 1953, pp. 289–383 (here: p. 338) (PDF file; 4.9 MB) .
  3. ↑ a b Michael Zohary, David Heller: The Genus Trifolium . The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Jerusalem 1984, ISBN 965-208-056-X , pp. 447-450 .
  4. ^ Arne Strid, Roy Franzén: Chromosome numbers in plants from Mt Olympus. In: Áskell Löve (Ed.): Chromosome number reports LXXIII. In: Taxon. Volume 30, No. 4, 1981, p. 835, JSTOR 1220093 .
  5. ↑ Entry in LegumeWeb
  6. ↑ Werner Greuter, Hervé-Maurice Burdet, Guy Long (eds.): Med-Checklist. A critical inventory of vascular plants of the circum-Mediterranean countries . Vol. 4: Dicotyledones (Lauraceae - Rhamnaceae) . Conservatoire et Jardin Botanique, Genève 1989, ISBN 2-8277-0154-5 , pp. 178-179 ( online ).
  7. ^ Sandro Pignatti (ed.): Flora d'Italia . Vol. 1. Edagricole, Bologna 2003, ISBN 88-506-2449-2 , pp. 739 (third unaltered reprint of the 1st edition from 1982).
  8. ^ A b Giovanni Gussone: Catalogus plantarum quae asservantur in Regio horto Francisci borbonii principis juventutis in Boccadifalco, prope Panormum. Addunter nonnullae adnotationes, ac descroptiones novarum aliquot specierum. Angeli Trani, Neapoli 1821, p. 82 Preview in the Google book search.
  9. ^ DE Coombe: Trifolium. In: TG Tutin, VH Heywood, NA Burges, DM Moore, DH Valentine, SM Walters, DA Webb (eds.): Flora Europaea . Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1968, ISBN 0-521-06662-X , pp. 170 (English, limited preview in Google Book Search).
  10. ↑ a b Jiří Ponert: Combinationes novae, stati novi et taxa nova non tantum specierum turcicarum. New taxonomic combinations, categories and taxa, especially of the Turkish species. In: Fedde's repertory. Volume 83, No. 9-10, 1973, pp. 617-644, DOI: 10.1002 / fedr.19730830902 .
  11. ↑ Arthur Huber-Morath: Comments on Jiří Ponert's "Combinationes novae, stati novi et taxa nova non tantum specierum turcicarum". In: Bauhinia. Volume 5, No. 3, 1975, pp. 153-159.
  12. ^ Werner Greuter: The flora of Psara (E. Aegean Islands, Greece). An annotated catalog. In: Candollea. Volume 31, 1976, pp. 191-242.
  13. ↑ “ Nomen inventorem rationis plantas nunquam visas denominandas commemorat .. ” In: Greuter: Candollea. Volume 31, 1976, p. 215

Web links