U 489

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U 489
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Type : XIV
Field Post Number : M-50 390
Shipyard: German works , Kiel
Construction contract: July 17, 1941
Build number: 314
Keel laying: January 28, 1942
Launch: December 24, 1942
Commissioning: March 8, 1943
Commanders:

March 8, 1943 - August 4, 1943
Lt.zS Adalbert Schmandt

Calls: 1 patrol
Sinkings:

no

Whereabouts: Sunk on August 4, 1943 in the North Atlantic southeast of Iceland

U 489 was a German submarine from Type XIV , which in World War II by the German navy was used.

history

The order for the boat was awarded to the Deutsche Werke in Kiel on July 17, 1941 . The keel was laid on January 28, 1942, the launch on December 24, 1942, the commissioning under Leutnant zur See Adalbert Schmandt finally took place on March 8, 1943.

The boat was a so-called "milk cow" and was to be used exclusively as a supply boat. It was lost on the first mission without having taken care of a submarine.

After commissioning on March 8, 1943, U 489 completed its training in the 4th U-Flotilla in Stettin , before it was to come to Bordeaux as a supply boat on August 1, 1943 for the 12th U-Flotilla . But the boat never arrived there; it was sunk on August 4, 1943 on the way there.

Use statistics

First venture

The boat left Kiel on July 22, 1943. It was sunk on August 4, 1943 after a 14-day voyage in the central North Atlantic , southeast of Iceland . It was supposed to supply submarines coming from the South Atlantic . But it didn't come to that.

Whereabouts

The HMS Castleton

The boat was on August 4, 1943 in the North Atlantic south east of Iceland by a flying boat type Sunderland III (marking 3 • G) of the Canadian RCAF Squadron attacked the 423rd The anti-aircraft crew of U 489 managed to set the flying boat on fire during the approach. The Sunderland had to emerge and sank after a few minutes. U 489 had received several water bomb hits and also sank. The position was 61 ° 11 '  N , 14 ° 38'  W in the marine grid square AE 8873. There was one dead and 53 survivors, as well as three shot down German planes that U 489 had picked up near the Faroe Islands . The British destroyer Castleton took the survivors of U 489 , as well as six men of the twelve-man crew of the sunken Sunderland. The Sunderland pilot Albert A. Bishop received the Distinguished Flying Cross for carrying out the attack .

One of the main reasons for the discovery of the boat is the successful American deciphering of the "Triton" key network used by the submarines , which was used to encrypt radio communications with the BdU . From April 1943 onwards, more than 120 specially developed Desch bombes were manufactured in the US Naval Computing Machine Laboratory , which were directed against the Enigma-M4 used by the Navy .

literature

  • Clay Blair : The Submarine War. Volume 1: The Hunters. 1939-1942. Heyne, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-12345-X .
  • Clay Blair: The Submarine War. Volume 2: The Hunted, 1942–1945. Heyne, Munich 1998, ISBN 3-453-16059-2 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 1: The German submarine commanders. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1996, ISBN 3-8132-0490-1 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 2: U-boat construction in German shipyards. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1997, ISBN 3-8132-0512-6 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 3: German submarine successes from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 2001, ISBN 3-8132-0513-4 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 4: German submarine losses from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler und Sohn, Hamburg et al. 1999, ISBN 3-8132-0514-2 .
  • Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The submarine war 1939-1945. Volume 5: The knight's cross bearers of the submarine weapon from September 1939 to May 1945. ES Mittler and Son, Hamburg et al. 2003, ISBN 3-8132-0515-0 .
  • Erich Gröner : Die Handelsflotten der Welt 1942 and supplement 1944. JF Lehmanns Verlag, Munich 1976, ISBN 3-469-00552-4 (reprint of the 1942–1943 edition).
  • Erich Gröner: Search list for ship names (= The merchant fleets of the world. Supplementary volume). JF Lehmanns Verlag Munich 1976, ISBN 3-469-00553-2 (reprint of the 1943 edition).
  • John F. White: Submarine Tanker. 1941-1945. Underwater supplier for the wolf pack in the Atlantic. Koehlers Verlagsgesellschaft, Hamburg 2000, ISBN 3-7822-0790-4 .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Rainer Busch, Hans-Joachim Röll: The U-Boat War 1939-1945. Volume 2: U-boat construction in German shipyards. 1997, p. 105.
  2. ^ A b Martyn Chorlton: We search and strike - The Story of 423 Squadron's second U-Boat success of WW II. In: Airplane Monthly. No. 455, March 2011, ISSN  0143-7240 , p. 24 ff.
  3. ^ Paul Kemp: The German and Austrian submarine losses in both world wars. Urbes Verlag, Graefelfing vor München 1998, ISBN 3-924896-43-7 , p. 144.
  4. ↑ Jennifer Wilcox : Solving the Enigma - History of the Cryptanalytic Bombe . Center for Cryptologic History, NSA, Fort Meade (USA) 2001, p. 52. PDF; 0.6 MB ( memento from January 15, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
  5. ↑ John AN Lee, Colin Burke, Deborah Anderson: The US Bombes, NCR, Joseph Desch, and 600 WAVES - The first Reunion of the US Naval Computing Machine Laboratory . IEEE Annals of the History of Computing, 2000. p. 35. PDF; 0.5 MB , accessed May 22, 2018.