Ursuline School Fritzlar
| Ursuline School Fritzlar | |
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| Ursuline School Fritzlar, monastery complex | |
| type of school | Comprehensive school (private, state-recognized, Catholic comprehensive school) |
| founding | June 19, 1712 |
| place | Fritzlar |
| country | Hesse |
| Country | Germany |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 7 '47 " N , 9 ° 16' 22" E |
| carrier | until 1989 Ursuline convent Fritzlar , since 1989 diocese of Fulda |
| student | approx. 1100 |
| management | Jutta Ramisch (since 2007) |
| Website | www.ursulinenschule.de |
The Ursuline School Fritzlar is a state-approved Catholic comprehensive school in the sponsorship of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Fulda in Fritzlar ( Hessen , Germany ). The school was founded in 1712 by the Ursuline Convent founded on July 11, 1711 in Fritzlar and operated from there until 1989. The diocese of Fulda has been a school authority since 1989 .
history
1712-1877
The first Ursulines in Fritzlar came from Metz in 1711 and brought three French pensioners with them. With these and the first three German pensioners they started school on June 19, 1712 in rented rooms in what is now the Kaiserpfalz House . The attitude of the urban population was initially negative; It was only when two city pastors agreed to lead services for free that there was more acceptance and support, and in 1718 the sisters opened an elementary school for girls from the city. After the construction of the new monastery, which began on August 5, 1713, was completed, the nuns and pensioners moved into the monastery on May 8, 1719.
Both the boarding school and the school for local girls enjoyed increasing popularity. In 1724 there were already 16 schoolgirls, mostly daughters of the regional nobility, living in the boarding school. The rush of schoolgirls from the city was so great that a separate schoolhouse for external schoolgirls was built in 1731–1735 northeast of the monastery church. The Archbishop of Mainz, Franz Ludwig , contributed a considerable amount to the construction.
Probably the most famous student of the boarding school was Bettina Brentano , who came to Fritzlar with her sisters Gunda, Lulu and Meline in 1794 and stayed there until 1798. In her day there were 20 daughters from “good families”. She later wrote that there were no mirrors and that she therefore did not know what she looked like from the age of 9 to 13.
Convent and school survived the the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss made change of sovereignty of Kurmainz the Electorate of Hesse and the secularization that the Fritzlarer St. Peter's pen and the Franciscan monastery fell victim, unmolested, probably because of the importance of school.
Augustine Bardt († July 10, 1856), who was elected superior of the convent in 1812 and held this office until 1856, led the monastery, boarding school and school to a new bloom. School operations were expanded to include two boarding and two external classes, and the number of sisters grew so much that secular assistants were no longer needed. The curriculum of 1853 for pensioners says that in the mornings on the six days of the week from 8 a.m. to 11 a.m., classes in religious doctrine, biblical and church history, reading and declamation, mythology, literary and natural history, natural science, general world history, geography, German language teaching, beautiful - and spelling, essay and letter writing, head and blackboard arithmetic, drawing and painting were given, and that lessons in French and “female handicrafts” were given in the afternoons on four days of the week (except Wednesday and Saturday) from 1 pm to 4 pm. The school fee for pensioners was 12½ thalers. In 1859 the new Marienkapelle was inaugurated especially for the use of the boarding house.
Prohibition and exile 1877–1887
From 1 April 1877 to 29 September 1887, the nuns while were Bismarck's Kulturkampf from Fritzlar and the Kingdom of Prussia banned and at the invitation of the Ursulines of Arras in one this belonging and Fritzlarer sisters placed at the disposal house in Bethune in northern France into exile drawn . The monastery buildings were confiscated, some of them rented and at times used as a district office. Only ten years later was permission to return to Fritzlar, where 17 surviving sisters arrived again on September 29, 1887.
1887-1933
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The convent and school flourished again, and there was a steady expansion of teaching, both in terms of the number of pupils and in terms of the training opportunities. On November 23, 1888, the school was officially recognized by the Prussian government. A secondary girls 'school run privately during the sisters' exile was then transferred to the Ursuline School by its director and her students. The curriculum of the boarding school from 1889 included: religious studies, biblical and church history, German language, French language, English language, world history, geography, natural history, arithmetic, calligraphy , drawing and painting, singing and music, propriety theory, and "all female housework". The training period in the boarding school was two years. Wearing jewelry was not permitted, and it was forbidden to bring any books other than prayer and edification books.
In October 1889, the sisters were given permission to teach girls under ten years of age. Shortly before the turn of the century, they opened an industrial school for the city's female youth. From 1903 the school was a so-called " Higher Girls School "; State recognition as such took place in 1908. In December 1912, state recognition as a lyceum for girls took place.
The 1914/15 curriculum for the lower grades contained the subjects religion, German, local studies, arithmetic and mathematics, writing, needlework , singing, and gymnastics. For the middle school it was: religion, German, French, history and art history, geography, arithmetic and mathematics, natural history, writing, drawing, needlework, singing and gymnastics. For the upper level, lessons were given in the following subjects: religion, German, French, English, history and art history, geography, arithmetic and mathematics, natural history, drawing, needlework (optional), singing and gymnastics. On February 1, 1915, a total of 102 female students aged 7 to 18 were enrolled. The majority were Catholic, but there were also 10 Protestant and 9 Jewish students. 46 were boarding school children, 56 from Fritzlar and the surrounding area.
In 1926, after the crisis years of hyperinflation of 1922/1923 had been overcome, the convent acquired the municipal property (residential building with farm buildings, vegetable and fruit gardens) belonging to the Barons von Buttlar within the western city wall. The property, now named after the local saint of Fritzlar, St. Wigbert , was converted into a school and boarding house, and in April 1927 a housekeeping school , a one-year rural girls' vocational school and a kindergarten began.
Another ban 1933–1945
During the time of National Socialism , the primary school had to be closed as early as 1934 on official orders. From 1938 onwards, no new students could be admitted to the first grade of the secondary school. The women's and household school and the St. Wigbert kindergarten were closed by order of the authorities, and the entire St. Wigbert property was forcibly rented to the Wehrmacht . In March 1939, the chief president in Kassel informed the convention that there was no longer any need to continue the high school. In March 1940 the lyceum was closed and the 2nd floor of the monastery was confiscated for the purpose of setting up a reserve hospital for the Fritzlar air base . This made it necessary to send the last of the boarding school students home. On July 3, 1941, the Gestapo ordered the nuns to leave the monastery, which was closed with immediate effect, and the town of Fritzlar within 24 hours and only with their personal belongings. The monastery of St. Ursula was confiscated. The remaining sisters each received 10 RM travel money from the monastery to find accommodation elsewhere.
1945-1989
After the end of the Second World War, the first nuns returned to Fritzlar in May 1945, the last in May 1946, and on November 2, 1945 they started teaching again. The Fritzlar students brought their own chairs with them, and they wrote on the cut edges of the newspaper. State recognition as a grammar school for girls came in May 1946, and in 1947 the approval for the opening of the Untersekunda (10th grade) followed. In 1946 there were again 164 pupils in the secondary school , 50 in the St. Wigbert housekeeping school, 40 in the kindergarten and 60 boarding students in St. Ursula and St. Wigbert; the latter were partially orphans and refugee or displaced children. In 1951 there were 350 pupils at the secondary school, 60 in the housekeeping school and over 40 in the kindergarten.
As early as 1952, reasons of cost led to considerations to abolish the newly introduced upper secondary school , which resulted in considerable conflicts with parents. The first Abitur examination after the war took place in 1955, with 12 successful subjects , but the dispute over the upper school escalated. In 1956, the Chapter Assembly decided in a secret ballot to abolish the upper school. The last Abitur took place in 1957.
Under the direction of director Angelika Kill (1917–2003), who has been in office since April 1961 and who held this office until her retirement on June 17, 1992, and with the support of the diocese of Fulda, the school was determined to meet the changed requirements from the mid-1960s adapted to the times and the legislature. In 1967 supervised learning afternoons were introduced. In 1970 the previous half-day school was converted into a full-day school with a special level and, with the admission of the first two boys, the start of co-education . In the same year, the admission of new boarding school students ended. The last boarding school dormitory was converted into a handicraft room in 1975, and the three remaining boarding school students moved into a smaller room. From September 1, 1977, the school was run in three parts, with main , secondary and high school branches . Thus, within seven years, the school had been transformed from a half-day girls' high school into a full-day, coeducational comprehensive school . In order to keep pace with the growth in the number of pupils, the increasing structural requirements for contemporary schools and the expansion of the school into a three-tier and coeducational all-day school, considerable construction measures were undertaken from 1960 onwards, starting with the construction of a gymnasium (1971 construction of the new St. . Angela, 1973–1975 construction of the St. Ursula schoolhouse).
The St. Wigbert complex also underwent a major redesign, both structurally and in terms of the school. In 1973, a large neighboring garden was bought and, after appropriate additions and renovations, a technical school for social pedagogy was opened, in which the previous housekeeping school was merged. Another extension was completed in 1982. In 1975 the large monastery garden had to be given over to the monastery property, as the few and increasingly overaged sisters could no longer cope with the work themselves. The vocational school was closed in 1985.
Since 1989
On August 1, 1989, took over the diocese Fulda the school sponsorship and the entire monastery possession of the property because of an aging population from extinction Convention. At the same time the establishment of the Gymnasiale Oberstufe was approved, and construction began that same year. In 1990, after extensive renovation, the old manor and the residential building were used as a further school building. In 1992, the last year in office of Sister Angelika Kill as headmistress, the first Abitur was taken since 1957, with 21 successful candidates, and in the following year the state recognition of the upper secondary school she had built up took place. The last sisters retired in 1992. This brought the activities of the sisters of the “Society of Saint Ursula” to the school they founded in Fritzlar to an end. In 1997 the city of Fritzlar honored Angelika Kill, who retired in 1992 , and with it all the other Ursulines who had worked at the Fritzlar School for a total of 275 years by being made an honorary citizen .
In 1995 the historic mill building was inaugurated as a school building after a complete renovation. A new three-field sports hall was completed in 1996. With the 2005/06 school year, the shortened grammar school course ("G8") was introduced. In the 2009/10 school year the school had around 1,100 students.
In order to certify the international comparability of the foreign language skills of the students, the Ursuline School Fritzlar has been participating in the DELF program (French language) since 2004 and in the FCE / CAE (English language) since 2006 .
The international organization of the Ordo Sanctae Ursulae led to a sponsorship with the Ursuline School (Colegio Santa Ursula) in Lima ( Peru ). Here there is both an exchange of students and support through monetary donations.
today
The Ursuline School today consists of 8 buildings with the names: St. Angela (administration building and classrooms), St. Ursula (specialist rooms and classrooms), St. Katharina (classrooms, upper level cafeteria and career choice office), St. Cordula (classrooms, music rooms and media library), mill (classrooms), pavilion (classrooms and workrooms), the monastery complex (monastery church, canteen, cafeteria, classrooms and nuns' apartments) and the sports hall with three compartments.
Known students
- Bettina von Arnim (boarding school student from 1794 to 1797)
- Jörg Rohde (actor)
literature
- Andrea Froneck-Kramer: Animus; the spirit, the mind, the courage, the heart. History of the Fritzlar Ursuline Monastery from 1711–2006, Euregioverlag, Kassel 2007, ISBN 978-3-933617-28-6
Web links
Notes and individual references
- ↑ All three were daughters of foreign noble families.
- ↑ Froneck-Kramer, pp. 18-19.
- ↑ Froneck-Kramer, p. 25.
- ↑ Froneck-Kramer, pp. 27-29.
- ↑ Froneck-Kramer, p. 39.
- ↑ Froneck-Kramer, pp. 45-46.
- ↑ Between 1935 and 1940 about half of the Fritzlar Ursulines, mostly the younger members of the convent, had traveled in several groups to Lima ( Peru ) and founded a branch convent and a new school, the Colegio Santa Ursula. This branch monastery was dissolved by the mother convent in Fritzlar in 1949/50 and made independent. Most of the sisters who went to Lima stayed there.
- ↑ This technical college, which was officially recognized in 1976, was closed again in 2005.
- ↑ Ursuline School Fritzlar (Ed.): DELF . ( HTML [accessed December 7, 2009]).
- ^ Ursulinenschule Fritzlar (ed.): Cambridge . ( HTML [accessed December 7, 2009]).
- ↑ History of the Colegio Santa Ursula in Lima (Spanish) ( Memento of the original from January 1, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Ursuline School Fritzlar (ed.): Miramar . ( HTML [accessed December 7, 2009]).
