traffic area

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In urban land use planning, traffic areas (VF) are areas for road , rail or air traffic . In addition, it also includes land that is used for traffic on waterways . Traffic areas are designated land areas for flowing and stationary traffic. They belong to the transport network :

In the field of architecture , the traffic area is that portion of the floor area of a building that is used for access to the rooms, for traffic or for leaving in an emergency ( building access ). The term is standardized in DIN 277 .

Situation in Germany

Germany has a comparatively good transport infrastructure : no other country of comparable size has such a dense road network, comparatively modern rail traffic or similarly efficient local public transport.

Development of the increase in settlement and transport area in hectares per day.

In Germany, the traffic area had a share of 2.8% of the total area in 2015. Local roads, including motorways, federal highways, country roads and district roads, account for around 231,000 kilometers and a further 413,000 kilometers for local roads. The numbers have changed only insignificantly since 1996. The length of inland waterways , which according to the current status (2013) is 7,237 km, has decreased slightly by around 100 kilometers in the last 15 years. The railway network in Germany is the densest in Europe with a route length of 33,400 kilometers. In the area of ​​inland waterways, Germany ranks second behind Finland, and only Spain has more kilometers on motorways. The new land use by traffic in 2014 was around 29 hectares per day. In principle, however, the goal in Germany is to reduce land consumption , because over the past 60 years the settlement and transport area has more than doubled. As part of the national sustainability strategy, the federal government has set itself the goal of reducing the new use of land for settlements and traffic from the current approx. 70 hectares to a maximum of 30 hectares per day by 2020.

The maps of the IOER-Monitor clearly show the proportion of the traffic area in the area in Germany.

The change in the proportion of traffic areas in the area is shown for Germany by the Monitor of Settlement and Open Space Development (IOER Monitor). In addition to the actual road, rail and air traffic areas , the IOER-Monitor also includes any traffic accompanying green , but no shipping traffic areas.

The proportion of the traffic area in the total area is calculated by the quotient of the combined amount of all buffered road, rail and air traffic areas and the area area. Here, too, an east-west divide is characteristic, resulting from the increased expansion of the transport infrastructure, especially in the area of ​​road and air traffic, in connection with a higher settlement density in western Germany since the 1950s. High values ​​occur particularly in territorial units in which there are hubs for cross-regional traffic, such as in the greater Berlin, Hamburg, Stuttgart and Munich areas or in already densely populated areas such as the Rhine-Ruhr, Rhine-Main or the Rhine-Neckar area. In addition, old industrialized regions such as Saxony, the Ruhr area or the south of Lower Saxony are also characterized by a higher proportion of traffic area in the districts. The indicator reaches particularly low values ​​in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and a large part of Brandenburg, in Altmark (Saxony-Anhalt) and in neighboring Wendland (Lower Saxony) as well as in rural areas of Bavaria including the Alpine region, Thuringia and Rhineland-Palatinate. Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania currently has the lowest share of traffic areas with 1.24% and Berlin the highest with 11.45%. At the district level, the minimum is in Altmarkkreis Salzwedel (0.92%) and the maximum in Frankfurt am Main (17.36%).

The share of the traffic area in the area was 2.9% for the whole of Germany in 2015. This means that the share has increased by 0.4% in the last 15 years. In a comparison of the years 2015 and 2000, it is noticeable that, in particular in the Ruhr area, the Rhine-Main area and in the whole of Baden-Württemberg, the proportion of traffic area has increased due to traffic development, while the proportion in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt has decreased, which in the case of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, for example, was due to a reduction in road areas.

The increase in land use in 2014 was around 69 hectares per day. For the first time, the ratio between the new land use by recreational areas, building, open and operating areas and traffic areas is roughly the same. A comparison with previous years shows that the increase in new land use by traffic is relatively constant at around 20 hectares per day. Only in 2012 was this significantly lower (around 10 hectares per day).

Individual evidence

  1. ^ [1] Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  2. ↑ [2] IOER monitor. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  3. ^ [3] Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  4. ↑ [4] Federal Environment Agency. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  5. ↑ [5] IOER monitor. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  6. ^ [6] State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  7. ^ Soil report of the state of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
  8. ↑ [7] Federal Environment Agency. Retrieved October 4, 2016.