Viral Protein R

Vpr
	Structure of the HIV-1 Vpr peptide (13-33) in micelles
Mass / length primary structure	96 amino acids, 14 KDa
Identifier
External IDs	UniProt : P05952 ;
Transporter classification
TCDB	1.A.42

Viral protein R ( Vpr , 'viral protein R') is a protein of the HI virus .

properties

The viral protein R has 96 amino acids and a mass of about 14 kilodaltons . Vpr regulates the import of HIV into the cell nucleus via the pre-integration complex (PIC) and is necessary for the replication of the virus in non-dividing cells such as macrophages . Vpr causes a G2 arrest of the cell cycle and apoptosis in dividing cells, which can be expressed in a reduced immune response. In HIV-2, the two functions are divided between the proteins Vpr (cell cycle arrest) and the homologous protein Vpx (nuclear import).

The Vpr causes apoptosis by binding the cell's own anti-apoptotic protein VprBP. VprBP has 1507 amino acids and contains conserved protein domains such as YXXY repeats, a Lis homology motif and WD40 repeats. By binding to Vpr, the inhibition of p53 by VprBP is reduced.

Web links

Commons : VPR protein fragments - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

↑ MeSH Viral Protein R.
↑ M. Bukrinsky, A. Adzhubei: Viral protein R of HIV-1 . In: Rev. Med. Virol. . 9, No. 1, 1999, pp. 39-49. doi : 10.1002 / (SICI) 1099-1654 (199901/03) 9: 1 <39 :: AID-RMV235> 3.0.CO; 2-3 . PMID 10371671 .
↑ K. Muthumani, AY Choo, WX Zong et al. : The HIV-1 Vpr and glucocorticoid receptor complex is a gain-of-function interaction that prevents the nuclear localization of PARP-1 . In: Nat. Cell Biol . 8, No. 2, February 2006, pp. 170-179. doi : 10.1038 / ncb1352 . PMID 16429131 .
↑ ^a ^b K. Kim, K. Heo, J. Choi, S. Jackson, H. Kim, Y. Xiong et al .: Vpr-binding protein antagonizes p53-mediated transcription via direct interaction with H3 tail. . In: Mol Cell Biol . 32, No. 4, 2012, pp. 783-796. doi : 10.1128 / MCB.06037-11 . PMID 22184063 . PMC 3272969 (free full text).

[1] MeSH Viral Protein R.

[pmid10371671-2] M. Bukrinsky, A. Adzhubei: Viral protein R of HIV-1 . In: Rev. Med. Virol. . 9, No. 1, 1999, pp. 39-49. doi : 10.1002 / (SICI) 1099-1654 (199901/03) 9: 1 <39 :: AID-RMV235> 3.0.CO; 2-3 . PMID 10371671 .

[pmid16429131-3] K. Muthumani, AY Choo, WX Zong et al. : The HIV-1 Vpr and glucocorticoid receptor complex is a gain-of-function interaction that prevents the nuclear localization of PARP-1 . In: Nat. Cell Biol . 8, No. 2, February 2006, pp. 170-179. doi : 10.1038 / ncb1352 . PMID 16429131 .

[pmid22184063-4] K. Kim, K. Heo, J. Choi, S. Jackson, H. Kim, Y. Xiong et al .: Vpr-binding protein antagonizes p53-mediated transcription via direct interaction with H3 tail. . In: Mol Cell Biol . 32, No. 4, 2012, pp. 783-796. doi : 10.1128 / MCB.06037-11 . PMID 22184063 . PMC 3272969 (free full text).