Forest grove

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Forest grove
Forest grove (Luzula sylvatica)

Forest grove ( Luzula sylvatica )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Rush Family (Juncaceae)
Genre : Grove Meadows ( Luzula )
Type : Forest grove
Scientific name
Luzula sylvatica
( Huds. ) Gaudin
inflorescence
Forest grove ( Luzula sylvatica )

The Luzula sylvatica ( Luzula sylvatica ), and Great Wood-rush or plant trade Waldmarbel called, is a plant type , which belongs to the family of the Rushes belongs (Juncaceae). It is a plant of fresh deciduous and coniferous forests and moist meadows.

description

The forest grove is a persistent , wintering green hemicryptophyte and reaches heights of growth between 30 and 90 centimeters. The stems grow vigorously upright. The rigid basal leaves, which are densely ciliated at the edge, are often more than an inch wide and are glossy dark green. The upper stem leaves are shorter than the inflorescence.

The inflorescence is loosely spiral with thin, upright to protruding branches. The flowers are three to four millimeters long and three to five are approximated. The tepals are brown to dark brown with a white skin edge and finely pointed lanceolate. The styles bear three long, upright scars . The fruit is triangular, conical and long, pointed, chestnut brown and as long as the petals. The seeds have appendages ( elaiosomes ). The flowering period extends from May to June.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 12.

Distribution and location

The forest grove is common throughout Europe and in Asia to the Caucasus . In Europe it occurs mainly in the west and south.

They are located in moderately shady forests, especially acidic beech forests (e.g. Luzulo-Fagenion), but also spruce and larch forests, as well as pine bushes and alpine tall herbaceous meadows . It occurs in societies of the associations Fagion, Piceion, Quercion roboris and Genistion. The plant avoids lime and thrives on well-moistened, musty-humic, moderately acidic to acidic soils. Especially in humid rain and snow (western and northern slopes) it forms extensive stands and counteracts natural forest cover (prevents rejuvenation). The forest grove grows from the plains to the mountains and has its distribution focus between 500 and 2000 meters. In the Allgäu Alps, it rises at the Rauheck summit in Bavaria up to 2,380 meters above sea level.

Systematics / taxonomy

A distinction is made between four subspecies, whereby the two first named are limited in their distribution to the north of the Iberian Peninsula and southern Italy, especially Sicily :

  • Luzula sylvatica subsp. henriquesii (sword) Pirajá , Agron. Lusit. 12: 359 (1951): It occurs in northern Portugal and northern Spain.
  • Luzula sylvatica subsp. sicula (Parl.) K. Richt. , Pl. Eur. 1: 183 (1890): It occurs in southern Italy and Sicily.
  • Common forest grove ( Luzula sylvatica subsp. Sylvatica ) - with 10 to 15 millimeters wide basal leaves; large, multiply composed inflorescence. Height: 50 to 80 centimeters. It occurs from Europe to the Caucasus.
  • Sieber's forest grove ( Luzula sylvatica subsp. Sieberi (Tausch) K. Richt. , Pl. Eur. 1: 183 (1890); Syn .: Luzula sieberi Tausch ) - with 4 to 5 millimeters wide basal leaves; Inflorescence smaller, very loose. Height: 40 to 50 centimeters. It occurs in southern Central Europe.

use

The forest grove is often cultivated as a decorative, grassy ornamental plant in plants and is also recommended for wild plant gardens, especially for northern locations; However, it is happy to spread and can also be found in gardens in which it was never planted.

literature

  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: Our grasses , Ulmer, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-440-07613-X
  • Manfred A. Fischer , Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol. 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • J. Grau, BP Kremer, BM Möseler, G. Rambold & D. Triebel: Gräser , Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9
  • Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994. ISBN 3-8252-1828-7
  • Ruprecht Düll , Herfried Kutzelnigg : Pocket dictionary of plants in Germany and neighboring countries. The most common Central European species in portrait. 7th, corrected and enlarged edition. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2011, ISBN 978-3-494-01424-1 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Waldmarbel
  2. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  153 .
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 306.
  4. ↑ after J. Kirschner et al .: Juncaceae. Species Plantarum: Flora of the World 6-8: 1-237, 1-336,1-192, Australian Biological Resources Study, Canberra, 2002.
  5. ↑ a b c d e Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Luzula sylvatica. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 13, 2016.

Web links

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