Walter Andrae

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Ernst Walter Andrae (born February 18, 1875 in Anger near Leipzig , † July 28, 1956 in Berlin ; occasionally Walter Ernst Andrae ) was a German building researcher and Near Eastern archaeologist .

Live and act

Ishtar Gate , reconstructed after Walter Andraes watercolors of the finds in Babylon from the years 1899 to 1902

He was the son of the secret senior building officer Carl Hermann Andrae. Walter Andrae attended high schools in Chemnitz and Grimma . He then completed a one-year military service and then began studying architecture at the Technical University of Dresden , which he completed as a government building manager. Here he was also interested in building history. During his studies in 1894 he became a member of the Erato Dresden singers . From 1898 to 1903 he worked as a colleague of Robert Koldewey on the excavations in Babylon , where he temporarily headed the excavation. From 1903 to 1914 he dug, funded by the German Oriental Society , among others, along with Julius Jordan in the first capital of the Assyrerreiches Assur . Andrae also took part in other excavations in the Middle East , such as that of the late Hittite Zincirli .

In 1908 he traveled to Germany to complete his doctorate at the Technical University of Dresden and to attend the rehearsals and the premiere of the pantomime Sardanapal in Berlin, which the orient-loving Kaiser Wilhelm II commissioned and designed the sets for Andrae.

After his return from the Euphrates in 1914, Andrae married, was called up for military service and was seconded to Field Marshal von der Goltz's staff in the Middle East. In 1921 he succeeded Robert Koldewey as custodian of the Near Eastern Department of the Berlin museums and in 1923 received an extraordinary professorship at the Technical University of Berlin . In 1926 he succeeded in getting the Assur finds confiscated during the First World War on their way across the Mediterranean in Portugal ; In the same year he managed to have the finds in Babylon that Koldewey had to leave there in 1917.

In 1928 Walter Andrae was appointed director of the Near Eastern Department of the Berlin museums. In 1930 he opened the newly established Babylon Halls there. In 1946 he was appointed full professor of building history and construction at the Technical University of Berlin. In 1952 he retired and retired from the museums. He died in Berlin on July 28, 1956.

Of particular importance are Andrae's works Assyrian Resurrected and his autobiography Memoirs of an Excavator . Walter Andrae also left behind numerous drawings and watercolors , in addition to the stage designs, depictions of oriental landscapes and people as well as reconstruction drawings of the Babylonian facilities. A guest book he kept at the excavation site in Babylon identifies him as a talented caricaturist and inventor of picture stories.

In 1953 he was awarded the Great Cross of Merit of the Federal Republic of Germany .

Publications (selection)

  • Hatra . After recordings of the Assur expedition of the German Orient Society. In two volumes: General description of the ruins and individual description of the ruins , JC Hinrichs ( Scientific publications of the German Orient Society 9 and 21), Leipzig 1908/12
  • The Anu-Adad-Tempel in Assur , JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1909 ( excavations of the German Orient Society in Assur A 1; scientific publication of the German Orient Society 10)
  • The fortifications of Assur , 2 volumes, JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1913 ( excavations of the German Orient Society in Assur A 2; scientific publication of the German Orient Society 23)
  • The rows of steles in Assur , JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1913 ( excavations of the German Orient Society in Assur A 3; scientific publication of the German Orient Society 24)
  • The archaic Ischtar temple in Assur , JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1922 ( excavations of the German Orient Society in Assur A 4; scientific publication of the German Orient Society 39)
  • Colored ceramics from Assyria and their preliminary stages in ancient Assyrian wall paintings . After watercolors by members of the Assur expedition and after photographic recordings of originals commissioned by the German Orient Society, edited by Walter Andrae, Scarabaeus, Berlin 1923
  • Hittite inscriptions on lead strips from Assur , JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1924 ( Scientific publication of the German Orient Society 46)
  • The Art of the Ancient Near East (with Heinrich Schäfer ), Propylaea Art History, Vol. II), Berlin 1925
  • Cult relief on the fountain of the Assur temple in Assur , JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1931 ( excavations of the German Orient Society in Assur A 7; scientific publication of the German Orient Society 53)
  • The Parthian town of Assur (with Heinz Lenzen), JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1933 ( excavations of the German Orient Society in Assur 8; scientific publication of the German Orient Society 57)
    • Reprint: Zeller, Osnabrück 1967
  • The ionic column. Design or symbol? , Verlag für Kunstwissenschaft, Berlin 1933 (studies on building research, issue 5),
  • Assyrian resurrected , JC Hinrichs, Leipzig 1938
  • Old festival streets in the Middle East , JC Hinrichs (broadcast of the German Orient Society 10), Leipzig 1941
    • New edition: Free Spiritual Life, Stuttgart 1964
  • Babylon. The sunken metropolis and its excavator Robert Koldewey , de Gruyter, Berlin 1952

Published posthumously :

literature

  • Rudolf Naumann , Ernst Heinrich (Ed.): Koldewey Society. Association for Research on Building History V. About its founders, their history and their goals. Festschrift for the 80th birthday of Ernst Walter Andrae. Habelt, Berlin 1955.
  • Kay Kohlmeyer , Eva Strommenger : Babylon resurrecting. An ancient metropolis in the focus of research. Museum of Prehistory and Early History, Berlin 1991.
  • Rainer Michael Boehmer (ed.): Pictures of an excavator. Walter Andrae's pictures of the Orient 1898–1919. 2nd, expanded edition. Mann, Berlin 1992, ISBN 3-7861-1651-2 .
  • Jürgen Bär : Walter Andrae, a pioneer of modern archeology. In: Joachim Marzahn , Beate Salje (ed.): Resurrecting Assur. 100 years of German excavations in Assyria. Philipp von Zabern, Mainz 2003, ISBN 3-8053-3250-5 , pp. 45-52.
  • Olaf Matthes: Andrae, Walter. In: Peter Kuhlmann , Helmuth Schneider (Hrsg.): History of the ancient sciences. Biographical Lexicon (= The New Pauly . Supplements. Volume 6). Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2012, ISBN 978-3-476-02033-8 , Sp. 26-29.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Paul Meißner (Ed.): Alt-Herren-Directory of the German Singers. Leipzig 1934, p. 65.
  2. ^ Wilhelm Litten : Persian honeymoon. Georg Stilke, Berlin 1925, p. 203
  3. ↑ Babylon Rising again. An ancient metropolis in the focus of research . Museum for Prehistory and Early History of the State Museums of Prussian Cultural Heritage, Berlin 1991; Pp. 14-16
  4. ↑ Babylon Rising again. An ancient metropolis in the focus of research . Museum for Prehistory and Early History of the State Museums of Prussian Cultural Heritage, Berlin 1991; P. 8
  5. ^ Estate, in the possession of the Vorderasiatisches Museum Berlin. Examples in: Rising Babylon. An ancient metropolis in the focus of research . Museum for Prehistory and Early History of the State Museums of Prussian Cultural Heritage, Berlin 1991; Pp. 20-38


personal data
SURNAME Andrae, Walter
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Andrae, Ernst Walter; Andrae, Walter Ernst
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German building researcher and Near Eastern archaeologist
DATE OF BIRTH February 18, 1875
PLACE OF BIRTH Anger
DATE OF DEATH July 28, 1956
Place of death Berlin