Water goblet

Water goblet
	Wendtscher water goblet ( Cryptocoryne wendtii )
Systematics
Class :	Bedecktsamer (Magnoliopsida)
	Monocots
Order :	Frog-spoon-like (Alismatales)
Family :	Arum family (Araceae)
Subfamily :	Aroideae
Genre :	Water goblet
Scientific name
	Cryptocoryne
	Fish. ex Wydler

The water goblets ( Cryptocoryne ), rarely also called water trumpets, are a genus within the family of the arum family (Araceae). Some of the 62 or so species are used as aquarium plants .

description

Illustration of Griffith's water goblet ( Cryptocoryne griffithii )

Vegetative characteristics

Water goblet species are perennial herbaceous plants . They thrive as aquatic and marsh plants and can live submerged (under water) and emersed (above water). They reproduce mainly by creeping, less often by upright rhizomes . The species are very variable in their appearance because they react to their respective environment. The parallel-veined, simple leaves are usually stalked and are in basal rosettes.

Generative characteristics

They only develop flowers during an emersed phase. Cryptocoryne species are single sexed ( monoecious ). The inflorescence consists of a stalked spathe (bract), which is expanded at the base to a cauldron. In the cauldron, the female and male flowers are arranged around the piston ( spadix ). At the bottom there are usually six fertile female flowers with a stamp consisting of the three carpels fused ovary , style and stigma. This is followed by a narrow, bald, sterile portion of the piston. There are 40 male flowers above it. The top part of the piston is again bare. The unisexual flowers are threefold.

There are berries formed.

Locations

In Cryptocoryne TYPES comes to water and marsh plants . They inhabit flowing water, its banks and residual water from floodplains.

Systematics and distribution

The name Cryptocoryne already used by Friedrich Ernst Ludwig von Fischer was published in 1830 as a valid genus by Heinrich Wydler in Linnaea. Volume 5, p. 428 prepared. Type species is Cryptocoryne spiralis (Retz.) Fisch. ex Wydler , which was first published in 1779 as Arum spirale by Anders Jahan Retzius . The botanical genus name Cryptocoryne derives from the Greek words kryptos for "hidden" and koryne for piston and refers to the flower organs hidden in the stalked inflorescence (spathe) which is enlarged to form a cauldron. Cryptocoryne fish. ex Wydler is Myrioblastus Wall. ex handle.

The genus Cryptocoryne belongs to the tribe Cryptocoryneae in the subfamily Aroideae within the family Araceae .

The genus Cryptocoryne is common in tropical India , South and Southeast Asia and New Guinea .

Habitus and inflorescence of Beckett's water goblet ( Cryptocoryne beckettii )

Cryptocoryne cognata submers in the habitat

Habit and inflorescence of Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia

Emerse Cryptocoryne spiralis

Cryptocoryne × timahensis

There are about 62 species in the genus Cryptocoryne :

Cryptocoryne affinis N.E.Br. : It occurs from Thailand to Malaysia .
Cryptocoryne alba de Wit , sometimes called "White Water Goblet": This endemic occurs only in southwestern Sri Lanka .
Whitish water goblet ( Cryptocoryne albida R. Parker ): It occurs from India to China.
Cryptocoryne annamica Serebryanyi , sometimes called "Annam water goblet": It occurs only in Vietnam .
Cryptocoryne aponogetifolia Merr. : It occurs in the Philippines (on the islands of Negros , Panay and southeastern Luzon ).
Cryptocoryne aura Wongso & Ipor : It wasfirst describedin 2016 from Kalimantan .
Cryptocoryne auriculata Engl .: It occurs only on the islands of Palawan and Mindanao, which are part of the Philippines,and in Sarawak .
Cryptocoryne bangkaensis Bastm. : It wasfirst describedin 2007 from Sumatra
Cryptocoryne bastmeijeri Wongso : It was first described in 2017 from Kalimantan.
Beckett's water goblet ( Cryptocoryne beckettii Thuill. Ex Trim. ): It occurs only in Sri Lanka .
Cryptocoryne bogneri Rataj : This endemic occurs only in southwestern Sri Lanka.
Cryptocoryne bullosa Becc. : This endemic occurs only in Sarawak.
Lashed water goblet Cryptocoryne ciliata (Roxb.) Fish. ex Wydler : It occurs from India to New Guinea .
Cryptocoryne cognata Schott : It occurs in southern and eastern India.
Cryptocoryne consobrina Schott : It occurs only in southwest India.
Heart-leaved water
goblet
( Cryptocoryne cordata Griff. , Syn .: Cryptocoryne blassii de Wit , Cryptocoryne evae Rataj , Cryptocoryne kerrii Gagnep. , Cryptocoryne siamensis Gagnep. , Cryptocoryne stonei Rataj ): There have been four or five varieties since 2002:
- Cryptocoryne cordata handle. var. cordata : It occurs on the Thai peninsula, in Malaysia, on Borneo and on Java .
- Cryptocoryne cordata var. Diderici (de Wit) N. Jacobsen ( Syn .: Cryptocoryne diderici de Wit ): It has been a variety since 2002 and occurs only on the Malay Peninsula.

Cryptocoryne coronata Bastm. & Wijng. : It was first described in 1999 from the Philippines.

Grass-leaved water goblet ( Cryptocoryne crispatula Engl. ): It occurs from eastern India to Indonesia and southern China.

Cryptocoryne cruddasiana Prain : The home is Myanmar .

Cryptocoryne decus-silvae de Wit : The home is Malaysia .

Cryptocoryne dewitii N. Jacobsen : It occurs only in Papua New Guinea .

Cryptocoryne edithiae de Wit : It occurs only in Kalimantan.

Cryptocoryne elliptica N.E.Br. : The home is Malaysia.

Cryptocoryne erwinii Wongso & Ipor : It was first described in 2017 from Kalimantan.

Cryptocoryne ferruginea Engl .: It occurs only in Sarawak.

Red-brown water goblet ( Cryptocoryne fusca de Wit ): The home is Borneo.

Griffiths water goblet ( Cryptocoryne griffithii Schott ): The home is Malaysia and Borneo.

Cryptocoryne hudoroi Bogner & N.Jacobsen : It only occurs in Kalimantan.

Cryptocoryne ideii Budianto : It was first described in 2004 from Kalimantan.

Cryptocoryne isae Wongso : It was first described from Kalimantan in 2017.

Cryptocoryne jacobsenii de Wit : Home is Sumatra.

Cryptocoryne Keei N.Jacobsen : You only comes in Sarawak before.

Cryptocoryne lingua Becc. ex Engl .: The home of the goblet of tongue water is Borneo (Sarawak).

Cryptocoryne loeiensis Bastm., T. Idei & N. Jacobsen : It was first described in 2010 and occurs from northeastern Thailand to Laos .

Cryptocoryne longicauda Becc. ex Engl .: The homeland is western Malesia.

Cryptocoryne mekongensis T. Idei, Bastm. & N.Jacobsen : The home is Thailand and Laos.

Cryptocoryne minima Ridl. (Syn .: Cryptocoryne amicorum de Wit & N.Jacobsen , Cryptocoryne gasseri N.Jacobsen , Cryptocoryne zewaldiae de Wit ): It comes on the Malay Peninsula before and on Sumatra.

Cryptocoryne moehlmannii de Wit : It occurs in central western Sumatra.

Nevill's water goblet ( Cryptocoryne nevillii Trimen ): This endemic species only occurs in eastern Sri Lanka.

Cryptocoryne noritoi Wongso : It was first described in 2005 from eastern Borneo.

Cryptocoryne nurii Furtado : The home is Malaysia.

Cryptocoryne pallidinervia Engl. , Sometimes also called "Hellnerviger Wasserkelch": The home is Borneo.

Small water goblet ( Cryptocoryne parva de Wit ): Its home is Sri Lanka.

Cryptocoryne pontederiifolia Schott : The home of the " Pontederia -blättrigen water chalice" is Sumatra.

Purple water goblet ( Cryptocoryne × purpurea Ridl. = Cryptocoryne cordata × Cryptocoryne griffithii ): It occurs in western Malesia.

Cryptocoryne pygmaea Merr. : The home is the Philippines.

Cryptocoryne regina Wongso & Ipor : It was first described in 2017 from Kalimantan.

Twisted water goblet ( Cryptocoryne retrospiralis (Roxb.) Kunth ): It occurs from India to Myanmar.

Cryptocoryne sahalii Wongso & Ipor : It was first described in 2017 from Kalimantan.

Cryptocoryne schulzei de Wit : Home is the Malay Peninsula near Johor .

Cryptocoryne scurrilis de Wit : Home is Sumatra.

Cryptocoryne sivadasanii Bogner : The homeland is southwest India.

Cryptocoryne spiralis (Retz.) Fish. ex Wydler , named after the spiraling spathe: The home is India and Bangladesh .

Cryptocoryne striolata Engl .: Home is Borneo.

Thwaites water goblet ( Cryptocoryne thwaitesii Schott ) It was named after GHK Thwaites (1812–1882): This endemic occurs only in southwestern Sri Lanka.

Cryptocoryne '' × '' timahensis Bastm. : This natural hybrid of Cryptocoryne cordata × Cryptocoryne nurii ,first published in 2001, only occurs in Singapore .

Cryptocoryne uenoi Yuji Sasaki : It was first described in 2002 from Sarawak.

Wavy water goblet ( Cryptocoryne undulata Wendt ): Its home is Sri Lanka.

Cryptocoryne usteriana Engl .: The home is the Philippines.

Versteegs Wasserkelch ( Cryptocoryne versteegii Engl. ): Its home is New Guinea.

Cryptocoryne vietnamensis I.Hertel & H.Mühlberg : This endemic occurs only in the Vietnamese province of Quam Nam Da Nang .

Cryptocoryne villosa N. Jacobsen : Home is Sumatra.

Walker's water goblet ( Cryptocoryne walkeri Schott ): His home is Sri Lanka.

Wendts water goblet ( Cryptocoryne wendtii de Wit ): It was named after Albert Wendt (1887–1958), author of The Aquarium Plants and Words and Images , and his home is Sri Lanka.

Willis water goblet ( Cryptocoryne × willisii Reitz = Cryptocoryne parva × Cryptocoryne walkeri ): It occurs in Sri Lanka.

Cryptocoryne wongsoi Ipor : It was first described in 2016 from Sumatra.

Cryptocoryne yujii Bastm. : It was first described in 2002 from Sarawak. There have been two varieties since 2017.

Cryptocoryne zaidiana Ipor & Tawan : It was first described in 2005 from Sarawak.

Cryptocoryne zukalii Rataj : It occurs in Malaysia.

Importance for the aquarium hobby

100 to 150 species of different plant families are regularly offered in specialist shops for planting aquariums . These include about 10 to 15 types of water goblet. The other species are also cultivated, but keeping them makes special demands. This is especially true for most of the specimens of the Cryptocoryne cordata group ( Cryptocoryne blassii , Cryptocoryne purpurea , Cryptocoryne siamensis and others). Cryptocoryne hudoroi and Cryptocoryne spiralis , for example, are easier to look after . Many species also need an emersed culture for a successful culture and are therefore best kept in paludariums .

Water goblet species generally belong to the more susceptible aquarium plants . They are often sensitive to changes in water values. The so-called cryptocoryne rot , in which the leaves decompose , then often occurs .

There are also hybrids created in culture :

Cryptocoryne walkeri × Cryptocoryne nevillii (bastard water goblet): An artificial hybrid.

literature

Christel Kasselmann : aquarium plants. Ulmer Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-8001-7454-5 , pp. 174-223 and 449 f.

swell

Individual evidence

↑ First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .
^ Cryptocoryne at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 16, 2014.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Cryptocoryne. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 6, 2019.
^ Cryptocoryne in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 183.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great zander. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 449.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 193 f.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 203.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 204.
↑ Christel Kasselmann : Cryptocoryne schulzei de Wit , 1971. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (ed.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 296.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 212 f.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 215 f.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 450.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 221 f.
^ Hans-Georg Kramer: Plant aquaristics á la Kramer. Tetra-Verlag, Berlin-Velten 2009, ISBN 978-3-89745-190-2 , p. 96.
^ Hans-Georg Kramer: Plant aquaristics á la Kramer. 2009, pp. 118-121.
↑ Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 220.

Web links

Commons : Water Goblet ( Cryptocoryne ) - Collection of images, videos and audio files

[biodiversitylibrary-1] First publication scanned at biodiversitylibrary.org .

[Tropicos-2] Cryptocoryne at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed August 16, 2014.

[WCSP-3] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s ^t ^u ^v ^w ^x ^y ^z ^aa ^ab ^ac ^ad ^ae ^af ^ag ^ah ^ai ^aj ^ak ^al ^am ^an ^ao ^ap ^aq ^ar ^as ^at ^au ^av ^aw ^ax ^ay ^az ^ba ^bb ^bc ^bd ^be ^bf ^bg ^bh ^bi ^bj ^bk ^bl ^bm ^bn ^bo ^bp ^bq ^br ^bs ^bt ^bu ^bv ^bw ^bx ^by Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Cryptocoryne. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved May 6, 2019.

[GRIN-4] Cryptocoryne in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved August 16, 2014.

[5] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 183.

[Zander2008-6] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q Walter Erhardt , Erich Götz, Nils Bödeker, Siegmund Seybold: The great zander. Encyclopedia of Plant Names. Volume 2. Types and varieties. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2008, ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7 .

[7] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 449.

[8] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 193 f.

[9] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 203.

[10] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 204.

[11] Christel Kasselmann : Cryptocoryne schulzei de Wit , 1971. In: Claus Schaefer, Torsten Schröer (ed.): The large lexicon of aquaristics. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8001-7497-9 , p. 296.

[12] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 212 f.

[13] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 215 f.

[14] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 450.

[15] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 221 f.

[16] Hans-Georg Kramer: Plant aquaristics á la Kramer. Tetra-Verlag, Berlin-Velten 2009, ISBN 978-3-89745-190-2 , p. 96.

[17] Hans-Georg Kramer: Plant aquaristics á la Kramer. 2009, pp. 118-121.

[18] Christel Kasselmann (1999), p. 220.