Wilhelm André
Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm André (born September 20, 1827 in Quakenbrück ; † June 12, 1903 in Chemnitz ) was a German lawyer , politician and the first mayor of Chemnitz from 1874 to 1896 .
Education and career
Wilhelm André attended the Latin school in his hometown, the grammar school in Lingen, and studied law at the universities in Heidelberg and Göttingen . He passed his exam in Hanover in 1849 . In 1852 he married and worked as a lawyer (senior court attorney ) in Quakenbrück. In 1865 he became a senator and in 1870 city counsel in Osnabrück .
His tenure as Mayor of Chemnitz lasted from October 19, 1874 to June 30, 1896. During this time, the city's population doubled. The gas works were transferred to municipal ownership, forest areas in the Küchwald were acquired and Altchemnitz was incorporated. The city developed very rapidly. The tram started operating in 1880. In 1883 Chemnitz became the 15th major city in Germany with over 100,000 inhabitants. Furthermore, the market hall and the power station were built during his tenure . The drinking water supply could be secured by building dams. As the first magistrate of the city of Chemnitz, he was also a member of the first chamber of the Saxon state parliament from 1875/1876 to 1895/1896 .
André was a member of the Masonic Lodge Zur Harmonie in Chemnitz. One of his relatives was the mining industrialist Louis Baare , who was married to his younger sister Helene (1830–1885).
Wilhelm André retired until his death in Chemnitz on Marschallstrasse, later named Andréstrasse, in house number 14. In his honor, a high school also bears his name. His grave is in the St. Christophori cemetery in Hohenstein-Ernstthal , where his wife found her final resting place in the family's hereditary burial site in 1897. (Falcke hereditary burial site).
The German Patent Act of 1877
In 1864, the German chambers of commerce demanded the abolition of patents because they were "harmful to general prosperity ". Even after the establishment of the German Reich in 1871, there was initially still controversial discussion about uniform patent protection.
The patent protection association was founded at the suggestion of the industrialist Werner von Siemens and the Lord Mayor of Chemnitz, Wilhelm André. The association commissioned André to work out a draft for a German patent law, which was discussed extensively and, after minor changes, found to be good. At first, however, the government was not interested in it. It wasn't until Werner von Siemens had personally contacted Chancellor Otto von Bismarck that the project got off the ground. Werner von Siemens pointed out that German products were previously considered “cheap and bad” all over the world. That is why, in his view, the introduction of the patent law also served to strengthen German industry and give it a better reputation in the world. In addition to representatives from industry, the Association of German Engineers (VDI) also strongly advocated the patent law. On May 25, 1877 the time had finally come: The German patent law was passed and came into force on July 1, 1877. The André draft was accepted by the MPs only slightly modified. Despite some changes, its basic features are still valid today.
It is certainly no coincidence that the then Lord Mayor of Chemnitz, André, was involved in the development of patent law: At that time, Chemnitz was a world-class industrial city where numerous inventions were made. These had to be protected from imitators. In 1891 - 14 years after the German Patent Act came into force - six times more patent applications came from Chemnitz than the national average.
literature
- From André to Zöllner. 125 biographies on Chemnitz's history. (= Publications of the City Archives Chemnitz , Issue 2.) Chemnitz 1998, ISBN 3-930846-13-6 .
- Heiko Bockstiegel: "The right man in the right place" and pioneer of the German Patent Act of 1877. Dr. Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm André (1827–1903), a son of the Osnabrück region. In: Heimatjahrbuch Osnabrücker Land 2000. ( ISSN 0171-2136 ) Osnabrück 1999.
Works
- André, Wilhelm: General principles of general law I. the arbitral tribunals. II. Of water law in connection with the Hanoverian law of August 22, 1847 , Friedrich Frommann, Jena 1860 (reviewed by August Ubbelohde , in: Göttingische learned advertisements 1863-1, pp. 183-199 ).
Web links
- Dr. Wilhelm André Society eV in Chemnitz
- Gudrun Dudek: Wilhelm André (1827-1903) . In: Institute for Saxon History and Folklore (Ed.): Saxon Biography .
Individual evidence
- ^ Josef Matzerath : Aspects of Saxon State Parliament History. Presidents and members of parliament from 1833 to 1952. Dresden 2001, p. 37.
- ↑ Gert Richter: In honor of Dr. Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm André. In: Museum Courier of the Chemnitzer Industriemuseum and its Förderverein from May 2010, p. 6 (online as PDF document; 9.5 MB) ( Memento of the original from March 9, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and still Not checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Wilhelm André (1874-1896) | Heinrich Gustav von Beck (1896–1908) | Heinrich Sturm (1908–1917) | Johannes Hübschmann (1917–1930) | Walter Arlart (1930–1933) | Otto Härtwig (1933–1936) | Walter Schmidt (1936–1945) | Ernst Ring (1945) | Fritz Gleibe (1945) | Heinrich Engelke (1945) | Kurt Wuthenau (1945) | Max Müller (1945–1952) | Kurt Berthel (1952–1960) | Fritz Scheller (1960–1961) | Kurt Müller (1961–1986) | Eberhard Langer (1986–1990) | Dieter Noll (1990-1991) | Joachim Pilz (1991–1993) | Peter Seifert (1993-2006) | Barbara Ludwig (since 2006)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | André, Wilhelm |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | André, Heinrich Friedrich Wilhelm (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German lawyer and politician, Lord Mayor of Chemnitz (1874–1896) |
| DATE OF BIRTH | September 20, 1827 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Quakenbrück |
| DATE OF DEATH | June 12, 1903 |
| Place of death | Chemnitz |