Yenidze
The former factory building of the Yenidze cigarette factory is one of the architectural sights of the city of Dresden . It is located on Weißeritzstrasse on the eastern edge of Friedrichstadt , not far from the congress center . The structure planned by Martin Hammitzsch from 1908 to 1909 has a total height of 62 meters and is now used as an office building.
The Company
The entrepreneur Hugo Zietz , owner of the oriental tobacco and cigarette factory Yenidze (founded in 1886), imported the tobacco for his cigarettes (including the Salem brand ) from the “Yenice” (pronounced yenídsche) growing area. This is the Turkish name of the small town of Genisea in what is now northern Greece (near Xanthi , not to be confused with Giannitsa (in Turkish Yenice-i Vardar)), which at that time still belonged to the Ottoman Empire . The Yenidze or (in the English-speaking area) Yenidje tobacco was considered the mildest, most aromatic and spiciest cigarette tobacco even before neighboring provenances Xanthi or Drama and in today's Turkey such as Smyrna (Izmir) and Samsun .
The tobacco factory Yenidze belonged to Hugo Zietz until he sold it to the Reemtsma company in 1924 . The building was badly damaged during the Second World War . The construction work was thematized in the film Carbide and Sorrel . VEB Importtabak moved into the Yenidze in 1953 , the forerunner of the later VEB Tabakkontor, which used the building to store raw tobacco and supplied the cigarette factories of the GDR with raw materials. After the fall of the Wall, the building was initially empty with changing owners; the remaining cigarette industry in Dresden was concentrated in the Striesen district .
The construction
The cigarette industry, which expanded rapidly at the beginning of the 20th century, prompted Zietz to consider building a new factory on the property that Zietz had acquired in 1907, which, according to his intention, was close to the Elbe and close to the city skyline, but structurally quite unfavorable in a gusset between Magdeburg Straße, Weißeritzstraße and the railway tracks of the Elbezweigbahn in the north and east.
At the beginning of the 20th century there was a regulation in Dresden not to erect a factory building that was recognizable as such in the softening of the center to which this area belonged. This is one of the reasons why Zietz wanted to erect an oriental building on the property directly on the railway line not far from Dresden city center , which on the one hand met this requirement and at the same time was intended to be a memorable advertising memorial for his oriental tobacco and cigarette factory "Yenidze" . At the suggestion of Zietz, the architect and later brother-in-law of Hitler , Martin Hammitzsch, designed a building in an imaginative “oriental” style, which looks like a mosque from the outside with the colored glass dome and the chimney camouflaged as a minaret . This appearance coined the colloquial name "tobacco mosque". The burial mosque of the Emir Khair Bak in Cairo is said to have been the model for the construction.
In Dresden, famous for its historical, especially baroque, buildings, the new building in the style of a completely foreign, as yet very little known culture met with violent rejection; There are legends about the negative effects for the client and the architect. Despite all hostility, the building fulfilled its advertising purpose: it was on everyone's lips and - when the Dresdeners finally came to terms with it - continued to be in everyone's eyes.
Ownership
In 1924 Hugo Zietz sold the tobacco factory to the Reemtsma cigarette factories . During the Second World War , the building was badly damaged by bombing. Almost a third of the cigarette factory was destroyed.
After the repairs after the war, the VEB Tabakkontor was housed in the Yenidze from 1953. All cigarette factories in the GDR were supplied with raw materials from Dresden.
In 1991 the building was sold to a private investor community and converted into an office building. The partially destroyed south wing was restored in this context. Originally, a modern hotel complex was planned as a supplement, on the roof of which a flight of stairs would lead to the dome. However, this was not implemented.
As an exceptional monument , the Yenidze was renovated in 1996; the rear part of the building has been used for offices since then. In the front "dome part" is the dome restaurant with the highest beer garden in Dresden, which is open in summer; the restaurant itself is open all year round and every day from noon. Above, directly under the dome, events from 1001 Märchen GmbH - the Dresden fairy tale theater - take place from Thursday to Tuesday. Mainly these are fairy tale and story evenings for adults, very often oriental with belly dancing , but also a wide variety of others, with or without music. Fairy tales and stories for children are also offered on the weekends.
In 2007, the Israeli investor Adi Keizman bought the building for an estimated 12 million euros.
Since the beginning of 2014, the building has belonged to the Berlin EB GROUP under Managing Director Enver Büyükarslan. The new owner wants to renovate the disco on the ground floor, which has not been used since the 2002 flood. In addition, Büyükarslan wants to set up a small exhibition on the history of the Yenidze.
literature
- Gilbert Lupfer et al. (Ed.): Architecture Guide Dresden. Dietrich Reimer, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-496-01179-3 .
- Tilo Richter (text), Hans-Christian Schink (photos): Industrial architecture in Dresden. Kiepenheuer, Leipzig 1997, ISBN 3-378-01019-3 .
- Peter Carstens: The minaret of the tobacco mosque is a chimney In: Frankfurter Allgemeine Zeitung of July 3, 1998, No. 151, p. 46, last accessed on April 8, 2011.
- Christa Meyer-Köster: 1001 nights in the middle of Dresden . In: Industrial monuments in Germany. Verlag Redieck & Schade, 1st ed. 1999, pp. 73-76
Web links
- central website of the Yenidze
- Additional information about the Yenidze
- Yenidze at: Buildings in Dresden and Saxony
- www.1001maerchen.de
- Article in art magazine, issue 7, 1998
Coordinates: 51 ° 3 ′ 32.4 " N , 13 ° 43 ′ 36.6" E
Individual evidence
- ↑ Jackie Richard: Is Israeli buying Leipzig's abandoned luxury hotel? New hope for the Astoria. In: Regional picture , September 21, 2011.
- ^ Israeli buys tobacco mosque , Lausitzer Rundschau June 1, 2007
- ↑ Dresden Week of February 19, 2014
- ↑ Gold mine housing shortage profits with ruthless methods , by Peter Podjavorsek and Adama Ulrich, Frontal21 December 3, 2019
- ^ Sächsische Zeitung April 16, 2014, page 19.
- ^ Yenidze website .