Colliery Prussia
| Colliery Prussia | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| General information about the mine | |||
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| Funding / year | Max. 771,858 t | ||
| Information about the mining company | |||
| Employees | up to 3258 | ||
| Start of operation | 1895 | ||
| End of operation | 1929 | ||
| Funded raw materials | |||
| Degradation of | Hard coal | ||
| Geographical location | |||
| Coordinates | 51 ° 35 '18.2 " N , 7 ° 30' 42.7" E | ||
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| Location | Game | ||
| local community | Luenen | ||
| District ( NUTS3 ) | Unna | ||
| country | State of North Rhine-Westphalia | ||
| Country | Germany | ||
| District | Ruhr area | ||
The Prussian colliery was a hard coal mine in the Lüner districts of Horstmar and Gahmen ( Westphalia ). The mine emerged from the United North Sea colliery in 1887 as a result of a change of ownership .
history
The beginnings
In 1872 work began on the Gustav shaft in Lünen-Gahmen. The shaft was planned as the first shaft of the Fatherland colliery. On July 3, 1873 , the mining fields Vaterland I, Vaterland II, Vaterland III and Vaterland IV consolidated into Gustav Adolph. In the same year, the sinking work for the Gustav Adolph shaft began. The Berechtsame included at this time an area of 15 km 2 . In the period from December 19, 1874 to February 16, 1875, the mine was renamed to Zeche Nordsee. In 1874, the shaft reached at a depth the 250 meters carbon . In April 1875 there was a water ingress in the shaft , up to 2.9 m 3 of water flowed into the shaft per minute . This led to the sinking work being stopped at a depth of 275 meters. In the period from October 15 to March 17, 1876, the North Sea colliery consolidated with the Berta Wilhelmine colliery to form the United North Sea colliery. The bill Berta Wilhelmine had previously begun to sink the shaft Berta Wilhelmine, but again the sinking operation was at a depth of 120 meters deferred .
The further construction of the mine
In 1877 work on the shafts continued. First of all, in May 1877, the Bertha Wilhelmine shaft was swamped . After the shaft was swamped, the sinking work continued. A short time later, the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 230 meters. In February 1878 there was another water ingress in the Berta Wilhelmine shaft at a depth of 234 meters. Due to the strong water inflow, both shafts were abandoned. In the period from May 31, 1878 to August 1, 1879, the Berta Wilhelmine I, IV, VIII, XVI, XVII and Schlägel & Eisen VII fields were acquired. The fields were then consolidated. The entire right now covered an area of 17 km 2 , plus the brine field United North Sea with an area of 2.2 km 2 . In 1887 the owner of the mine changed. The Belgian North Sea trade union was the new owner . In the same year the mine was renamed Zeche Preußen, and the shafts were also renamed. Schacht Gustav Adolph was renamed Schacht Prinz Heinrich and Schacht Berta Wilhelmine was named Schacht Prinz Wilhelm. In 1888 the shafts were swamped further.
In 1889 the shafts were renamed again. Prince Heinrich shaft was named Prussia I / 1 and Prince Wilhelm shaft was named Prussia II / 1. By resolution of the general assembly of Harpener Bergbau-Aktien-Gesellschaft on February 28, 1891, the Prussian colliery was taken over by Harpener Bergbau AG. The Prussian union was dissolved after the mine was taken over by Harpener Bergbau AG. The mine was divided into the two operating parts Prussia I and Prussia II. The Prussian I branch was located in Gahmen on Gahmener Straße and Prussia II in Horstmar on Preußenstraße. In the course of 1891 the sinking work on the Prussia I / 1 shaft was continued. During the sinking work, there was again a significant influx of water. In 1892 the sinking work for the Prussia I / 2 shaft began. The shaft was next to Prussia I / 1 set . In the following year, the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 347 meters. In 1894, the first level was set in the Prussia I / 2 shaft at a depth of 439 meters (- 380 m above sea level ) and the second level at a depth of 549 meters (- 489 m above sea level).
The first years of operation
In 1895 the two shafts were put into operation. Shaft 1 was used for ventilation and rope travel, while shaft 2 was responsible for the extraction . In 1896 the mine was connected to the railway. In addition, the Prussia II / 1 shaft was further sunk using the drilling process. Regular mining began in 1897. In the same year, the sinking work for the Prussia II / 2 shaft began in Horstmar. The shaft was set up next to shaft Prussia II / 1. In 1898 there was a severe water ingress in the Prussia II / 2 shaft at a depth of 260 meters; 27 m 3 of water flowed into the shaft per minute . As a result, the shaft sank in a short time. The shaft was further sunk using the drilling process. In 1899 the shaft reached the Carboniferous at a depth of 367 meters. In the autumn of 1900 a coking plant was put into operation on Prussia I. In 1901, the second level was set in shaft II / 2 at a depth of 558 meters (-496 m above sea level). In 1902 the shaft II / 2 received an electrically driven hoisting machine . This machine was the first three-phase driven winding machine in the Ruhr mining industry . In 1903, Prussia II began to promote its own needs. In the same year there was a mine fire at the Prussian mine . In 1904, regular mining began on Prussia II. In 1905 a new first level was set at a depth of 418 meters (- 356 m above sea level). In the autumn of 1906 a coking plant was put into operation on Prussia II. On April 3, 1907, a forbidden rope ride broke the rope . Seven miners were killed in this event.
Expansion of the mine
In 1912 a breakthrough was made on the 2nd level between Prussia I and Prussia II . In 1919, the third level began to be attached via dies . This level was driven at a depth of 620 meters (- 559 m above sea level). In the same year, work began on creating a substructure floor over dies at a depth of 642 meters (-580 m above sea level). At that time, the rights holders covered an area of 17 km 2 . In 1924 the coking plant was shut down on Prussia II. In 1925 work began on sinking the Grevel weather shaft belonging to Prussia II in Grevel . This shaft was also known as the Rote Fuhr air shaft . On April 3 of that year, the Prussian I branch in Gahmen was shut down. However, the shafts were not filled , only covered. On May 1 of the same year, the coking plant on the Prussian I part of the plant was shut down. The Grevel weather shaft went into operation in 1927.
The last few years until the shutdown
In 1928 the Prussia II / 1 shaft was sunk to a depth of 690 meters. Shortly afterwards, the decision to close the Prussian mine was made. On June 30, 1929, the Prussia II mine was shut down. The shafts were also only covered. Most of the daytime facilities were demolished. The closure of the mine was an economic setback for the city of Lünen. Most of the workers employed in the mine became unemployed. In 1931 the Grevel shaft of the Gneisenau colliery was closed. In the rest of the mine field, exploration work was carried out by Victoria . No further activities took place. In 1940 the rights of ownership were split up: the Prussian North field with the Prussian I and the two shafts later became Victoria 3/4 to the Victoria colliery and the South Prussian field to the Gneisenau colliery.
Promotion and workforce
The first funding and workforce figures come from 1895, in that year around 7500 tons of hard coal were mined with 337 employees . In 1900, 348,013 tons of hard coal were mined, the workforce was 1,761 men. In 1905 356,980 tons of hard coal were mined with 2085 employees. In 1910, 667,310 tons of hard coal were mined with 2,854 employees. In 1913 the maximum production of the mine was achieved. With 2,883 employees, 771,858 tons of hard coal were mined. In 1915, the production was 600,444 tons of hard coal, the workforce was 2392 employees. In 1920, 3258 employees produced 615,119 tons of hard coal. The last mining and workforce figures for the mine come from 1928, in that year 451,440 tons of hard coal were mined, the workforce was 1605 employees.
Current condition
Only the former administration building with parts of the colliery wall in Lünen-Horstmar has been preserved from the mine. In addition, the Preußenhalde still exists . The mining dump on the shafts in Gahmen is accessible with a network of paths. The “ Siedlung Ziethenstraße ” colliery built for the miners of the Prussian colliery in Lünen-Süd , part of the route of industrial culture, but also the colliery settlement in Lünen-Horstmar, still bear witness to the mining history in Lünen. After the demolition of the daytime facilities in 1932, some crenellated buildings in Tudor style are still preserved from the Prussia II mine . The "Gneisenau-Trasse", a cycle and hiking trail on the route of the former colliery railway, which ran from the Gneisenau colliery in Dortmund-Derne to the Preußenhafen , runs between today's industrial park and the dump .
Today, next to the former administration building and the remains of the mine wall, the Lünen Preußen train station ( Dortmund – Münster / Enschede route ), the Preußenstraße, the SV Preußen 07 sports club in Lünen-Horstmar, the Preußenhafen in Lünen-Süd ( in the Horstmar district), the Preußenhalde and the former colliery settlement.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Joachim Huske : The coal mines in the Ruhr area. Data and facts from the beginning to 2005 (= publications from the German Mining Museum Bochum 144) 3rd revised and expanded edition. Self-published by the German Mining Museum, Bochum 2006, ISBN 3-937203-24-9 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j Wilhelm Hermann, Gertrude Hermann: The old collieries on the Ruhr. 4th edition. Publishing house Karl Robert Langewiesche, successor Hans Köster, Königstein i. Taunus 1994, ISBN 3-7845-6992-7 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Peter Voss: The mines in the Unna district. Picture chronicle of the mines Freiberg, Caroline, Massener Tiefbau, Alter Hellweg, Königsborn, Monopol, Haus Aden, Prussia, Victoria, Minister Achenbach, Hermann, Werne, Stollen- und Kleinzechen . Regio-Verlag, Werne 1995, ISBN 3-929158-05-1 .
- ↑ a b Gerhard Gebhardt: Ruhr mining. History, structure and interdependence of its societies and organizations. Verlag Glückauf GmbH, Essen 1957
- ↑ a b The Preußenstrasse. In: Correctum Verlag. (Ed.): StadtMagazin Lünen, No. 61, Druckerei Schmitt (Lünen), Lünen October 2011, pp. 5–8
location
- Prussia I: 51 ° 35 ′ 18.2 ″ N , 7 ° 30 ′ 42.7 ″ E
- Prussia II: 51 ° 35 ′ 33.5 ″ N , 7 ° 32 ′ 48.9 ″ E
Map with all coordinates of the shafts: OSM
