Chi (kana)

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chi
hiragana
japanese hiragana chi
katakana
japanese katakana chi
transliterationchi, ti
translit. with dakutenji, zi, di
hiragana origin
katakana origin
Man'yōgana知 智 陳 千 乳 血 茅
Voiced Man'yōgana遅 治 地 恥 尼 泥
spelling kana千鳥のチ
(Chidori no "chi")

, in hiragana, or in katakana, is one of the Japanese kana, which each represent one mora. Both are phonemically /ti/, reflected in the Nihon-shiki and Kunrei-shiki romanization ti, although, for phonological reasons, the actual pronunciation is [t͡ɕi] , which is reflected in the Hepburn romanization chi.

The kanji for one thousand (千, sen), appears similar to チ, and at one time they were related, but today チ is used as phonetic, while the kanji carries an entirely unrelated meaning.

Many onomatopoeic words beginning with ち pertain to things that are small or quick.[1]

The dakuten forms ぢ, ヂ, pronounced the same as the dakuten forms of the shi kana in most dialects (see yotsugana), are uncommon. They are primarily used for indicating a voiced consonant in the middle of a compound word (see rendaku), and they can never begin a word, although some people will write the word for hemorrhoids (normally じ) as ぢ for emphasis. The dakuten form of the shi character is sometimes used when transliterating "di", as opposed to チ's dakuten form; for example, Aladdin is written as アラジン Arajin, and radio is written as ラジオ. More common, though, is to use ディ instead, such as ディオン to translate the name Dion.

In the Ainu language, チ by itself is pronounced [t͡ʃi], and can be combined with the katakana ヤ, ユ, エ, and ヨ to write the other [t͡ʃ] sounds as well as [t͡s] sounds. The combination チェ (pronounced [t͡se]), is interchangeable with セ゚.

Form Rōmaji Hiragana Katakana
Normal ch-/t-
(た行 ta-gyō)
chi
chii, chyi
chī
ちい, ちぃ
ちー
チイ, チィ
チー
Addition yōon ch-/ty-
(ちゃ行 cha-gyō)
cha ちゃ チャ
chaa
chā
ちゃあ, ちゃぁ
ちゃー
チャア, チャァ
チャー
chu ちゅ チュ
chuu, chwu
chū
ちゅう, ちゅぅ
ちゅー
チュウ, チュゥ
チュー
cho ちょ チョ
chou
choo
chō
ちょう, ちょぅ
ちょお, ちょぉ
ちょー
チョウ, チョゥ
チョオ, チョォ
チョー
Addition dakuten d- (j/z-)
(だ行 da-gyō)
ji
jii, jyi
ぢい, ぢぃ
ぢー
ヂイ, ヂィ
ヂー
Addition yōon and dakuten dy- (j/zy-)
(ぢゃ行 dya-gyō)
ja ぢゃ ヂャ
jaa
ぢゃあ, ぢゃぁ
ぢゃー
ヂャア, ヂャァ
ヂャー
ju ぢゅ ヂュ
juu, jwu
ぢゅう, ぢゅぅ
ぢゅー
ヂュウ, ヂュゥ
ヂュー
jo ぢょ ヂョ
jou
joo
ぢょう, ぢょぅ
ぢょお, ぢょぉ
ぢょー
ヂョウ, ヂョゥ
ヂョオ, ヂョォ
ヂョー
Other additional forms
Form A (ch-/chw-)
Romaji Hiragana Katakana
(cha) (ちゃ) (チャ)
(chyi) (ちぃ) (チィ)
(chu) (ちゅ) (チュ)
che
chei
chee
chē
ちぇ
ちぇい, ちぇぃ
ちぇえ
ちぇー
チェ
チェイ, チェィ
チェエ
チェー
(cho) (ちょ) (チョ)
chwa ちゅぁ, ちゎ チュァ, チヮ
chwi ちゅぃ チュィ
(chwu) (ちゅぅ) (チュゥ)
chwe ちゅぇ チュェ
chwo ちゅぉ チュォ
Form B (dy-/j-/jw-)
Romaji Hiragana Katakana
(dya, ja) (ぢゃ) (ヂャ)
(dyi, jyi) (ぢぃ) (ヂィ)
(dyu, ju) (ぢゅ) (ヂュ)
dye, je
dyei, jei
dyee, jee
dyē, jē
ぢぇ
ぢぇい, ぢぇぃ
ぢぇえ
ぢぇー
ヂェ
ヂェイ, ヂェィ
ヂェエ
ヂェー
(dyo, jo) (ぢょ) (ヂョ)
jwa ぢゅぁ, ぢゎ ヂュァ, ヂヮ
jwi ぢゅぃ ヂュィ
(jwu) (ぢゅぅ) (ヂュゥ)
jwe ぢゅぇ ヂュェ
jwo ぢゅぉ ヂュォ

Stroke order[edit]

Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing チ
Stroke order in writing チ
Stroke order in writing ち
Stroke order in writing チ

Other communicative representations[edit]

  • Full Braille representation
ち / チ in Japanese Braille Ch/J/Dy + Yōon braille
ち / チ
chi
ぢ / ヂ
ji/di
ちい / チー
chī
ぢい / ヂー
/
ちゃ / チャ
cha
ぢゃ / ヂャ
ja/dya
ちゃあ / チャー
chā
ぢゃあ / ヂャー
/dya
⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) ⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235) ⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠐ (braille pattern dots-5)⠗ (braille pattern dots-1235)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)⠕ (braille pattern dots-135) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)⠕ (braille pattern dots-135) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)⠕ (braille pattern dots-135)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)⠕ (braille pattern dots-135)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)
Ch/J/Dy + Yōon braille
ちゅ / チュ
chu
ぢゅ / ヂュ
ju/dyu
ちゅう / チュー
chū
ぢゅう / ヂュー
/dyū
ちょ / チョ
cho
ぢょ / ヂョ
jo/dyo
ちょう / チョー
chō
ぢょう / ヂョー
/dyō
⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)⠝ (braille pattern dots-1345)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345) ⠈ (braille pattern dots-4)⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25) ⠘ (braille pattern dots-45)⠞ (braille pattern dots-2345)⠒ (braille pattern dots-25)
Character information
Preview
Unicode name HIRAGANA LETTER TI KATAKANA LETTER TI HALFWIDTH KATAKANA LETTER TI HIRAGANA LETTER DI KATAKANA LETTER DI CIRCLED KATAKANA TI
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 12385 U+3061 12481 U+30C1 65409 U+FF81 12386 U+3062 12482 U+30C2 13024 U+32E0
UTF-8 227 129 161 E3 81 A1 227 131 129 E3 83 81 239 190 129 EF BE 81 227 129 162 E3 81 A2 227 131 130 E3 83 82 227 139 160 E3 8B A0
Numeric character reference ち ち チ チ チ チ ぢ ぢ ヂ ヂ ㋠ ㋠
Shift JIS[2] 130 191 82 BF 131 96 83 60 193 C1 130 192 82 C0 131 97 83 61
EUC-JP[3] 164 193 A4 C1 165 193 A5 C1 142 193 8E C1 164 194 A4 C2 165 194 A5 C2
GB 18030[4] 164 193 A4 C1 165 193 A5 C1 132 49 152 57 84 31 98 39 164 194 A4 C2 165 194 A5 C2
EUC-KR[5] / UHC[6] 170 193 AA C1 171 193 AB C1 170 194 AA C2 171 194 AB C2
Big5 (non-ETEN kana)[7] 198 197 C6 C5 199 89 C7 59 198 198 C6 C6 199 90 C7 5A
Big5 (ETEN / HKSCS)[8] 199 72 C7 48 199 189 C7 BD 199 73 C7 49 199 190 C7 BE

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Hiroko Fukuda, Jazz Up Your Japanese with Onomatopoeia: For All Levels, trans. Tom Gally. New York: Kodansha International (2003): 19 - 20, Introduction, Words Beginning with ち Chi, Indicating Smallness or Quickness.
  2. ^ Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-03-08]. "Shift-JIS to Unicode".
  3. ^ Unicode Consortium; IBM. "EUC-JP-2007". International Components for Unicode.
  4. ^ Standardization Administration of China (SAC) (2005-11-18). GB 18030-2005: Information Technology—Chinese coded character set.
  5. ^ Unicode Consortium; IBM. "IBM-970". International Components for Unicode.
  6. ^ Steele, Shawn (2000). "cp949 to Unicode table". Microsoft / Unicode Consortium.
  7. ^ Unicode Consortium (2015-12-02) [1994-02-11]. "BIG5 to Unicode table (complete)".
  8. ^ van Kesteren, Anne. "big5". Encoding Standard. WHATWG.