Eight privileges

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The eight privileges ( Chinese  八 議  /  八 议 , Pinyin Bā Yì ), also "eight privileged groups" or "eight proposals", have been considered in traditional Chinese law since the Tang Dynasty as circumstances that could mitigate the penalty Persons were withdrawn from the competent judge and subjected to the judgment of the emperor. The eight privileges did not apply to the ten evils .

Privileged groups

  • Relatives of the emperor
  • Old followers of the emperor
  • Virtuous men whose behavior and speech are considered exemplary for the country.
  • Skilled, talented people in the field of army management, government business.
  • People who have achieved great things.
  • Certain high officials and holders of nobility titles.
  • Zealous and conscientious army and civil servants.
  • State guests, the descendants of previous dynasties, were regarded as such.

literature

  • Frank Münzel: Criminal law in ancient China according to the criminal law chapters in the Ming annals. O. Harrassowitz, 1968